MME-Green-Electrical-Electronics FRQ with answers Highlighted

MME Questions-Electrical- Electronics Topics.

1. An Active Filter will
a. Amplify
b. Filter and Amplify
c. Amplify/Filter/Modulate

2. Trans conductance of BJT is

a. dIE/dIC
b. VBE/IE
c. IE/IC
d. Ic/VBE

3. Embedded system should have

a. Dynamic Response
b. Static Response
c. No Response
d. _____

4. If gain of Amplifier is 10 and having feedback 9%. What will be the gain be if
feedback is removed?
a. 10
b. 90
c. 100
d. 1.2

5. In an embedded system the dynamic response should be maximum

a. 10%
b. 50%
c. 80%
d. 60%

6. CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)is better than TTL (Transistor-

Transistor Logic) because it has
a. High I/P Impedance
b. Better Response
c. Stability
d. Bandwidth
7. Which power should be connected to Anode/Cathode to make PN Diode forward
Biased?

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a. +7V, +10V
b. +0.3V, +5V
c. +5V, 1V
d. ------
8. Binary weighted input digital to analogue converter has a feedback resistor, Rf=12KΩ.
If 50μA of current flows through the resistor, voltage of circuit is
a. 0.1V
b. 1V
c. 0.6V
d. -----
9. Ramp voltage at the O/P of OPAMP integrator is
a. Increases Linear
b. Increase or decrease exponentially
c. Is constant
d. Increase or decrease at linear rate

10. For tuning a parallel circuit to higher frequency the capacitance should be
a. Increased
b. Decreased
c. Change with inductance
d. ----
11. The CB Configuration is used to give gain of what type?
a. V
b. I
c. R
d. Power

12. In PNP circuit most positive voltage is

a. Gmd
b. Vc
c. Vce
d. Vbe

13. The input impedance of Cascade Amplifier will

a. Same as the input impedance of the first
b. Same as the output of the second
c. Same as the entire circuit
d. Same as stage before last stage

14. If metal is added to a semiconductor. Which type of diode is formed?

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a. Schottky diode
b. Zener Diode
c. Tunnel Diode
d. Avalanche Diode

15. Advantages of cascading the amplifiers

a. Input impedance
b. Output impedance
c. High Voltage Gain
d. High Current Gain
16. If the signal is doubled at the input of the transmitter what shall be the dB of the
output
a. 0.5dB
b. 2dB
c. 3dB
d. 4dB

17. Input impedance of an inverted OPAMP

a. High
b. Low
c. Infinite
d. Zero

18. Transformer amplifier used in CMRRS for

a. Rejection of Noise
b. Amplifying
c. Differential amplifier
d. -----------

19. Zener diode is used for

a. Rectification
b. Amplification
c. Voltage regulation
d. Noise reduction

20. Assembly language used for programming

a. DSP (Digital Signal Processing)
b. Microcontroller
c. FGPA (Field Programmable Gate Array)
d. SACDA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System)

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21. The most high input impedance is obtained in

a. Bipolar NPN
b. Bipolar PNP
c. MOSFET
d. Both Bipolar and MOSFET

22. Programming used for smoke detector and control systems

a. DSP
b. Microcontroller
c. FGPA
d. ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit)

23. Cascade amplifier is used because

a. High Voltage Gain
b. High Output Impedance
c. High input impedance
d. --------------

24. Which of the below device is faster and consumes less power in large scale projects?
a. DSP (Digital Signal Processing)
b. Microcontroller
c. FGPA (Field Programmable Gate Array)
d. ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit)
25. Cascade amplifier is used to reduce load effect, the input impedance will be
a. High
b. Low
c. Medium
d. Zero
26. Cascade amplifier is used to reduce load effect, the output impedance will be
a. High
b. Low
c. Medium
d. Zero
27. Output of the cascade amplifier is
a. Output of the first stage
b. Output of the last stage
c. Output of the stage before last stage
d. None of the above
28. What is the Low Pass Filter (LPF)

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a. It will let pass low frequencies

b. It will let pass high frequencies
c. It will let pass band of frequencies
d. It will eliminate a band of frequencies
29. Ripple Factor of Zener Diodes depends on
a. Zener Voltage
b. Input Impedance
c. Output Impedance
d. Zener Current
30. What is the role of Zener diode?
a. Rectification
b. Amplification
c. Voltage Regulation
d. Modulation

31. When using Zener Diode for voltage regulation, the output wave shape will be
affected by
a. Dynamic resistance of the diode
b. Input current passing through the diode
c. Voltage
d. -----------
32. Filter in active region
a. Filters the signal
b. Filters, amplifies and modulates
c. Filers and amplifies
d. Filers and modulates
33. Power amplifier in a receiver is used for what?
a. Amplify the input signal
b. Modulate
c. Demodulate
d. Rectify
34. Type of amplifier at receiver in order to amplify the signal
a. Power amplifier
b. Differential amplifier
c. Cascade amplifier
d. --------------
35. If a power amplifier produces an output 10 times greater than its input, what will its
power gain be, measured in decibels?
a. 3dB
b. 6dB

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c. 10dB
d. 20dB
36. If the base current Ib of a common emitter amplifier is 40µA and the hfe of the
transistor is 200, what will the collector current?
a. 240µA
b. 800µA
c. 25µA
d. 8mA
37. In Fig 1.5.1 what is the purpose of block B?

a. A Tuned RF amplifier
b. An FM amplifier
c. An IF amplifier
d. An AF pre-amplifier

38. Which of these formulae gives the voltage gain of an amplifier?

a. Vout/ Vin
b. Vin/ Vout
c. Vout/ Iin
d. Vin x hfe

39. Complete this sentence: "Class A bias...

a. ...gives high gain and low distortion".
b. ...gives high gain and low distortion".
c. ...gives low distortion and low efficiency".
d. ...gives low distortion and low gain".

40. Complete this sentence: "Class A bias sets the quiescent current...
a. ...below cut off".
b. ...above cut off".
c. ...at Ib = 0".
d. ...at cut off

41. What is the voltage gain of an amplifier at the half power points on the amplifier response
curve?
a. 0.5
b. 0.707
c. 1.414

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d. 6.0

42. What is the purpose of C3 in Fig 1.5.2?

a. To prevent HF noise
b. To prevent saturation
c. To prevent thermal runaway.
d. To prevent negative feedback

43. in Fig 1.5.2, which component will mainly be responsible for limiting high frequency gain?
a. Tr1
b. C2
c. C3
d. C4.

44. What is the advantage of extending the bandwidth of audio amplifiers to frequencies
higher than the audible limit?
a. To reduce noise
b. To increase efficiency.
c. To preserve wave shape.
d. To reduce transients.

45. When transistors are used in digital circuits they usually operate in the:
a. active region
b. breakdown region
c. saturation and cutoff regions
d. linear region

46. To prevent a DC return between source and load, it is necessary to use

a. Resistor between source and load
b. inductor between source and load
c. capacitor between source and load
d. either (a) or (b)

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Capacitor offers infinite impedance to DC.

47. For a base current of 10 μA, what is the value of collector current in common emitter if βdc = 100
a. 10 μA
b. 100 μA
c. 1 mA
d. 10 mA
e.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
IC = 10 x 100 μA = 1 mA.

48. Terminal representing control input of BJT

a. Emitter
b. Base
c. Collector
49. Which power should be connected to Anode / Cathode to make PN diode forward biased?
a. +7V, +10V
b. +0.3V, +5V
c. +5V, +3V
50.
Figure uses 10 V Zener diode. The minimum and maximum current through series resistance are

A 10 mA and 30 mA

B. 20 mA and 40 mA

C. 0 and 30 mA

D. 0 and 40 mA
Explanation:

Minimum current = = 10 mA.

Maximum current = = 30 mA.

51. N-channel FETs are superior to p-channel FETs because

A. mobility of electrons is smaller than that of holes
B. mobility of electrons is greater than that of holes
C. they consume less power
D. they have high switching time

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52. Class C amplifier is suitable for

A. a narrow frequency band
B. a wide frequency band
C. audio frequencies
D. either (b) or (c)

53. In a N-P-N transistor, when emitter junction is forward biased and collector junction is reverse
biased the transistor will operate in
A. active region
B. saturation region
C. cut-off region
D. inverted region

54. The element in the feedback circuit of a logarithmic amplifier using op-amp is
A. a resistor
B. a capacitor
C. an inductor
D. a diode

55. The minimum gate source voltage that creates the n-type inversion layer is called
A. cut off voltage
B. on voltage
C. threshold voltage
D. Zener voltage

56. The most common method for biasing a JFET is

A. reverse bias
B. self-bias
C. voltage divider bias
D. none of the above

57. Which op-amp circuit uses a capacitor in series with input and resistance in feedback path?
A. Differentiating amplifier
B. Integrating amplifier
C. Logarithmic amplifier
D. None of the above

58. For class B operation the theoretical maximum efficiency is

A. 100%
B. 78.5%
C. 50%
D. 27.5%

59. Typical values of current gains for CE, CB and CC amplifiers are
A. 120, 120 and 1 respectively
B. 120, 1 and 120 respectively
C. 1, 120 and 120 respectively
D. 1, 1 and 120 respectively

60. A sine wave is passed through an amplifier which severely limits it symmetrically. If then passes to
a second amplifier which is narrow band and tuned to the frequency of the original sine wave.
What will be the output wave from this second amplifier?

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A. A square wave of the same frequency as that of the original sine wave
B. A square wave of double the frequency of that of original sine wave
C. A sine wave of constant amplitude at the frequency of the original sine wave
D. A sine wave of constant amplitude at double frequency of the original sine wave

61. The purpose of providing groundings rings with MOSFET is to

A. avoid any stray voltage at the gate that may destroy SiO2 layer
B. protect against any descaling
C. ground all eddy currents
D. protect against any physical injury

62. Self-bias is an example of __________ feedback that tends to stabilize the drain current against
changes in temperature and JFET replacement.
A. variable
B. low
C. negative
D. positive

63. Transformer coupling is mostly used in

A. RF amplifier
B. audio amplifier
C. both audio and RF amplifier
D. none of the above

64. One input terminal of high gain comparator circuit is connected to ground and a sinusoidal voltage
is applied to the other input. The output of comparator will be
A. sinusoidal
B. full rectified sinusoidal
C. half rectified sinusoidal
D. square wave

65. A Hartley oscillator is used for generation

A. very low frequency oscillation
B. radio frequency oscillation
C. microwave oscillation
D. audio-frequency oscillation

66. TTL operates from a ________.

A. 9-volt supply
B. 3-volt supply
C. 12-volt supply
D. 5-volt supply

67. The output of a NOR gate is HIGH if ________.

A. all inputs are HIGH
B. any input is HIGH
C. any input is LOW
D. all inputs are LOW

68. If a 3-input AND gate has eight input possibilities, how many of those possibilities will result in a
HIGH output?
A. 1
B. 2

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C. 7
D. 8

69. The Boolean expression for a 3-input AND gate is ________.

A. X = AB
B. X = ABC
C. X = A + B + C
D. X = AB + C

70. What does the small bubble on the output of the NAND gate logic symbol mean?
A. open collector output
B. tristate
C. The output is inverted.
D. none of the above

71. How many input combinations would a truth table have for a six-input AND gate?
A. 32
B. 48
C. 64
D. 128
72. The basic types of programmable arrays are made up of ________.
A. AND gates
B. OR gates
C. NAND and NOR gates
D. AND gates and OR gates

73. How many truth table entries are necessary for a four-input circuit?
A. 4
B. 8
C. 12
D. 16

74. What is the frequency of a clock waveform if the period of that waveform is
1.25 s?
A. 8 kHz
B. 0.8 kHz
C. 0.8 MHz
D. 8 MHz

75. Determine if diodes D1 and D2 in the given figure are forward or reverse biased.

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A. D1 forward and D2 reverse

B. D2 forward and D1 reverse
C. D1 and D2 reverse
D. D1 and D2 forward

76. Determine the output voltage Vout for the circuit in the given figure.

A. –0.5 V
B. 0V
C. +5 V
D. +4.3 V

77. What is the period of a clock waveform that has a frequency of 15.4 kHz?
A. 649 s
B. 6.49 s
C. 64.9 s
D. 0.649 s

78. What is the advantage of using CMOS logic over TTL?

A. It switches faster.
B. It uses less power.
C. It is larger.
D. cost

79. The software used to drive microprocessor-based systems is called:

A. assembly language
B. firmware
C. machine language code
D. BASIC interpreter instructions

80. The register in the 8085A that is used to keep track of the memory address of the next op-code to
be run in the program is the:
A. stack pointer
B. program counter
C. instruction pointer
D. accumulator

81. Which bus is a bidirectional bus?

A. address bus
B. data bus
C. address bus and data bus
D. none of the above

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82. What kind of computer program is used to convert mnemonic code to machine code?
A. debug
B. assembler
C. C++
D. Fortran

83. ASIC stands for:

A. advanced speed integrated circuit.
B. advanced standard integrated circuit.
C. application specific integrated circuit.
D. application speedy integrated circuit.

84. Field-programmable gate arrays (FGPAs) use ________ memory technology, which is ________.
A. DRAM, nonvolatile
B. SRAM, nonvolatile
C. SRAM, volatile
D. RAM, volatile
85. The output of this circuit is always ________.

A. 1
B. 0
C. A
D. A

86. The storage element for a static RAM is the ________.

A. diode
B. resistor
C. capacitor
D. flip-flop

87. How many storage locations are available when a memory device has 12 address lines?
A. 144
B. 512
C. 2048
D. 4096

88. Dynamic memory cells store a data bit in a ________.

A. diode
B. resistor
C. capacitor
D. flip-flop

89. What is the computer main memory?

A. Hard drive and RAM
B. CD-ROM and hard drive
C. RAM and ROM
D. CMOS and hard drive

90. Which transistor element is used in CMOS logic?

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A. FET
B. MOSFET
C. Bipolar
D. Unijunction

91. The greater the propagation delay, the ________.

A. lower the maximum frequency
B. higher the maximum frequency
C. maximum frequency is unaffected
D. minimum frequency is unaffected

92. Which equation is correct?

A. VNL = VIL(max) + VOL(max)
B. VNH = VOH(min) + VIH(min)
C. VNL = VOH(min) – VIH(min)
D. VNH = VOH(min) – VIH(min)

93. A binary-weighted-input digital-to-analog converter has an input resistor of 100 k. If the resistor is
connected to a 5 V source, current through the resistor is ________.
A. 50 mA
B. 50 μA
C. 5 mA
D. 500 A

94. Which is a typical application of digital signal processing?

A. Noise elimination
B. Music signal processing
C. Image processing
D. All of the above

95. Which of the following best defines Nyquist frequency?

A. The frequency of resonance for the filtering circuit
B. The second harmonic
C. The lower frequency limit of sampling
D. The highest frequency component of a given analog signal

96. What is the major difference between half-adders and full-adders?

A. Nothing basically; full-adders are made up of two half-adders.
B. Full adders can handle double-digit numbers.
C. Full adders have a carry input capability.
D. Half adders can handle only single-digit numbers.

97. Circuits that shift the dc level of a signal are called

A. limiters
B. clampers
C. peak detectors
D. dc converters

98. in a 20 Vac series RC circuit, if 20 V is measured across the resistor and 40 V is measured across
the capacitor, the applied voltage is:
A. 45 V
B. 50 V
C. 55 V

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D. 60 V

99. What is the total capacitance?

A. 1F
B. 12 F
C. 0.615 F
D. 8F

100. After which time constant can a capacitor be considered to be fully charged?
A. first
B. third
C. fifth
D. seventh

101. After a capacitor has charged for 1 tc, what percentage of current remains in the resistor?
A. 63.2
B. 36.8
C. 13.5
D. 5.0

102. Which of the following oscillators is suitable for frequencies in the range of megahertz?
a. RC phase shift
b. Wien bridge
c. Hartley
d. Both (a) and (c)

103. For a base current of 10 μA, what is the value of collector current in common emitter if βdc = 100
a. 10 μA
b. 100 μA
c. 1 mA
d. 10 mA
IC = 10 x 100 μA = 1 mA

104. Transistor is a _______ terminal device.

a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. Both (a) & (b).
105. The Three Terminal of transistor are
(a) Gate , Collector and emitter
(b) Collector, Base, and Source
(c) Base , Collector & emitter

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(d) Base, Gate & Collector

106. The Transistor means ____

(a) Transfer-resistor
(b) Trans-resistor
(c) Tri-resistor

107. BJT is a _____ device.

(a) Unipolar
(b) Bipolar
(c) Multipolar.

108. In Unipolar transistor, the current conduction is due to ____

(a) Minority carriers
(b) Majority carriers
(c) Both minority & majority carriers

109. In bipolar transistor, the current is due to _____

(a) Holes
(b) Electrons
(c) Both Holes & electrons

110. BJT is _____ controlled device.

(a) Field
(b) Voltage
(c) Resistor
(d) Current

111. The types of bipolar junction transistor are.

(a) Ppn, npn
(b) pnp,npn
(C) Npp,ppn
(d) nnp,pnp

112. The middle region of transistor is called

(a) Base
(b) Collector
(c) Emitter

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113. The process by which impurities are added to a pure semiconductor.is

(a) Diffusing
(b) Drift
(c) Doping
(d) Mixing.

114. Base of the transistor is always ___ and ____doped

(a) Thick , Lightly
(b) Thin, Lightly
(c) Thin, heavily

115. The collector of a transistor is ___ doped

(a) Heavily
(b) Moderately
(c) Lightly

116. In a transistor the collector region is larger than the emitter region for ______

(a) Better Heat dissipation

(b) Higher value of B
(c) Better amplification

117. Doping concentration is the highest in _____ in a BJT.

(a) Emitter region
(b) Collector region
(c) Base region
(d) All of the above

118. The ___ region has highest thickness than all other regions in a BJT.
(a) Base
(b) Collector
(c) Emitter

119. The arrow in transistor symbol indicates the direction of ____

(a) Conventional emitter current
(b) Electron current in emitter
(c) Supply current
(d) ans a & b

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120. The arrow in the transistor symbol indicates ____ terminal

(a) Base
(b) Collector
(c) Emitter

121. Transistor has ___pn junction

a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three

122. The depletion region a emitter junction in an unbiased transistor extends more into the
region
(a) Collector
(b) Base
(c) Emitter

123. The depletion region at collector junction in an unbiased transistor extends more into
the base Region because it is __ doped
(a) Heavily
(b) Moderately
(c) Lightly

124. Barrier voltage is ___ on the N side.

(a) Positive
(b) Negative
(c) Zero

125. __ of electrons and holes in the base region constitutes the base current.
(a) Ionization
(b) Recombination
(c) Thermal agitation

126. ___ constitutes the dominant current in a npn transistor.

(a) Holes
(b) Electrons
(c) Both Holes & Electrons

127. ___ is the highest current in any bipolar transistor.

(a) IB

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(b) IC
(c) IE

128. The ___ current of a transistor is neither the largest nor the smallest.
(a) Base
(b) Collector
(c) Emitter

129. Which of the following currents are nearly equal to each other
(a) IB & IC
(b) IE & IC
c) IB & IE
(d) IB,IC & IE

130. For transistor properly biased PnP transistor let IC=10mA and IE=10.2 mA. What is the
level of IB?
(a) 0.2 mA
(b) 200 mA
(c) 200 UA
(d) 20.2 mA

131. Holes flow constitutes the dominant current in a _____transistor.

(a) Npn
(b) Pnp
(c) Npn & pnp

132. For operating in the active region the emitter junction should be ___biased and
collector Junction should be ____biased in BJT.
(a) Forward ,forward
(b) Reverse, reverse
(c) Forward, reverse
(d) Reverse, forward

133. The emitter junction is ___ biased for operating BJT in saturation region.
(a) Forward
(b) Reverse
(c) Zero

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134. In which region are both the collector base and base emitter junctions forward biased
for BJT?
(a) Active
(b) Cut off
(c) Saturation
(d) All of the above

135. for the BJT to operate in the saturation region the base emitter junction must be
____ biased and the base collector junction must be ___biased
a) Forward , forward
(b) Forward , reverse
(c) Reverse , reverse
d) Reverse, forward.

316. At what region of operation is the base emitter junction forward biased and the base
collector Junction reverse biased for BJT.
(a) Saturation
(b) Linear or active
(c) Cut-off
(d) None of the above

137. Which of the following configurations can a transistor set up?

(a) Common base
(b) Common emitter
(c) Common collector
(d) All of the above

138. In CB configuration a reverse biased collector junction IC= ____ when the emitter
Is left open.

a) 0
(b) IE
(c) ICBO

139. ICBO flows from ___ to ____ when emitter is open.

(a) Collector , Base
(b) Base, Collector
(c) Collector , emitter

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140. The ___ carriers constitute current ICBO

(a) Both minority and majority
(b) Minority
(c) Majority

141. ICBO current is ___

(a) Greater than IC
(b) Increase with temperature
(c) Less than ICO
(d) Flows when base junction is forward biased.

142. with rise in temp ICBO___

(a) Increase linearly
(b) Doubles of every 100 C
(c) Decrease linearly.

143. The Alpha DC is always

(a) unity
(b) less than unity
(c) greater than unity

144. The α = ____

(a) IB/IE
(b) IC/IE
(c) IC/IB
(d) None of the above.

145. Smaller the thickness of the base ____ is the value of αdc
(a) Smaller
(b) Larger
(c) Constant.

146. The α is the current gain of ____ configuration

(a) CB
(b) CC
(c) CE

147. In CB configuration input resistance is ______

(a) ∆VEB/∆IE

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(b) ∆VCB/∆IE
(c) ∆VCB/∆IC

148. The input resistance of CB configuration is measured constant ______

(a) IB
(b) IC
(c) Vcb
(d) Vce

149. The dynamic output resistance of transistor in CB configuration is ___ at constant IE.
(a) ∆VEB/∆IE
(b) ∆VEB/∆IC
(c) ∆VCB/∆IC

150. A Zener diode works on the principle of

(a) Tunneling of charge carriers across the junction
(b) Thermionic emission
(c) Diffusion of charge carriers across the junction
(d) Doping of charge carriers across the junction

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