Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.1 Sample Calculations for Percent Asphalt Absorp- 5100~ 0.446 2 0.433!
tion 5100~ 0.013! 5 1.3 %
X1.1.1 The usefulness and bias of Eq 1 and Eq 2 for X1.1.4 Substitution in Eq 2:
determining the percent asphalt absorption by the aggregate in
a sample of asphalt paving mixture is illustrated by the
following sample calculations:
Aac 5 100 F P aac G ac ~ 1001P aac!
1
100 G ag
2
100G tm
~ G ac! G
X1.1.2 Numerical Calculation—Assume the following:
X1.1.2.1 Theoretical maximum specific gravity of an oven-
5 F 6.61 1.015
1
100 2.673
2
~ 106.61!~ 1.015!
~ 100! ~ 2.501! G
dry sample of paving mixture = 2.501.
X1.1.2.2 Asphalt content of oven-dry paving mixture 5100~ 0.06610.380 2 0.433!
sample expressed as percent by mass of total mix = 6.2 (for use
with Eq 1). 5100~ 0.446 2 0.433!
X1.1.2.3 Corresponding asphalt content of oven-dry paving
mixture sample expressed as percent by mass of the oven-dry 5100~ 0.013! 5 1.3 %
total aggregate in the sample
6.2
Therefore, by means of either Eq 1 or Eq 2, the percent
5
93.8
3 100 5 6.61 ~ for use with num00002! . asphalt absorption into the pores of the aggregate particles in a
sample of asphalt paving mixture can be determined as soon as
X1.1.2.4 Apparent specific gravity of asphalt in paving each of the four variables that are included in these equations
mixture sample = 1.015. have been evaluated.
X1.1.2.5 Weighted average ASTM oven-dry bulk specific
gravity of the total aggregate in the paving mixture X1.2 Influence of Errors in Each of the Four Variables
sample = 2.673. Included in Either Eq 1 or Eq 2 on Percent Asphalt
X1.1.2.6 Basis of calculation—100 cc of paving mixture at Absorption
its theoretical maximum specific gravity.
X1.1.2.7 Mass of 100 cc of paving mixture = 250.1 g X1.2.1 The influence of errors in the measurement of each
X1.1.2.8 Mass of asphalt = 6.2⁄100 × 250.1 = 15.51 g of the four variables (a) the theoretical maximum specific
X1.1.2.9 Volume of asphalt = 15.51⁄1.015 = 15.28 cc gravity of an oven-dry paving mixture, (b) its asphalt content
X1.1.2.10 Mass of aggregate = 93.8⁄100 × 250.1 = 234.59 g expressed either as percent of the mass of the sample of
X1.1.2.11 Volume of aggregate = 234.59⁄2.673 = 87.76 cc oven-dry paving mixture, Eq 1, or as percent of the mass of
X1.1.2.12 Volume of asphalt plus volume of aggre- oven-dry total aggregate in the sample of oven-dry paving
gate = 15.28 + 87.76 = 103.04 cc mixture, Eq 2, (c) the apparent specific gravity of the asphalt in
The difference between 103.04 cc and the original 100 cc the paving mixture, and (d) the weighted average ASTM bulk
represents the volume of asphalt absorbed into the pores of the specific gravity of the oven-dry total aggregate in the paving
individual aggregate particles. mixture, is illustrated for each variable in turn in the following
Consequently: table, for which it is assumed that the correct value for each of
these four variables for a typical asphalt paving mixture is
Volume of absorbed asphalt 5 103.04 2 100 5 3.04 cc
listed in the first row (previously used for the sample calcula-
Mass of absorbed asphalt 5 3.04 3 1.015 5 3.09 g tions in X1.1.2). It should be particularly noted that the
3.09 relatively small range of errors recorded for each variable in
Percent asphalt absorption 5 3 100 5 1.32 the table that follows, is within the limits of the ASTM
234.59
NOTE X1.1—The above sample calculation employed asphalt content precision statement for reproducibility for that variable. In
expressed as percent of mass of oven-dry total mix. An identical percent Table X1.1, the effect on asphalt absorption of these limited
asphalt absorption value is obtained when the calculations are based on
asphalt content expressed as percent by mass of the total oven-dry
errors in each of the four variables, is shown for each variable
aggregate in the oven-dry paving mixture sample. in turn while the other three variables are held constant. Each
variable being changed in turn within its range of reproduc-
X1.1.3 Substitution in Eq 1:
ibility is marked by the symbol (a).
Aac 5 100 F P tac
1
G ac
100 2 P tac G ag
2
100G ac
~ 100 2 P tac! G tm
G X1.2.2 The minimum and maximum values or percent
asphalt absorption that could occur on the basis of the data in
Aac 5 100 F 6.2 1.015
1 2
~ 100!~ 1.015!
93.8 2.673 ~ 93.8!~ 2.501! G Table X1.1 due to the most fortuitous combination of errors
listed for the determination of the four variables are shown in
5100~ 0.06610.380 2 0.433! Table X1.2.
X1.2.3 Consequently, even when errors in each variable in the sample calculations illustrated in X1.1.2, X1.1.3, and
Eq 1 or Eq 2 for asphalt absorption are within the ASTM X1.1.4, the reported value for percent asphalt absorption could
reproducibility precision limits for that variable, in the case of range from − 0.38 to 3.05 as extreme limits.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/
COPYRIGHT/).