Air-jet loom Knowledge

一、如何开好喷气织机
How to running air jet loom well ?
1、原纱条干要好，纱疵尽可能少，原纱强力好，强力不匀要低，

弱环少；

The original yarn evenness is good, yarn defects as less as possible. The

original yarn strength is good, with short strength uneven, with less

weak link.

2、筒子工序使用电子清纱器和空气捻结器，筒子的定长要均匀一

致；The bobbin process use electronic yarn clearer and air twist knot, the

bobbin fixed-length should be uniform.

3、整经张力均匀，纱线排列均匀，经轴平整，硬度适当；

The warp tension should be balance, the yarn array is uniformity, beam

is smooth, hardness is suitable.

4、浆纱时选用合理的浆料配方和浆纱工艺，浆纱的伸长、回潮、

上浆率适当，浆轴不能有粘、并、绞及轻浆现象；

Sizing choose reasonable size formula and sizing technology, suitable

sizing elongation, reversion, sizing percentage. The sizing shaft can not

with stick, connect, cut and light paste phenomenon.

5、穿筘接经时经纱分绞要良好，防止绞头现象；

Reed warp piecing should be with good warping split, prevent cutting

head phenomenon.
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6、织造中采用合理的上机工艺，纬纱通道不能有飞花阻塞，以减

少经纬向停台；

Adopt reasonable processing parameters in weaving. The weft

channel can not fly block, to reduce the globe to stop.

7、做好织机的保养检修及加油工作，保证织机的正常运转；

To do a good job of maintenance repair and refueling machine, to

ensure the normal operation of the loom.

8、各工序要保证经纱通道的光洁，不能有飞花阻塞，经纱通道不

能有损伤；

Each working procedure to ensure the warp channel is bright and

clean, can not have block, the warp channel can not damage.

9、保证高压空气的洁净，不能有杂物，要无油无水，压力适中；

Ensure the high pressure air is clean , without debris, without oil,

without water, moderate pressure.

10、车间的空气调节要保证温湿度适合织造要求。

The workshop air condition to keep the temperature and humidity is

suitable for weaving.

二、如何保养喷气织机
How to maintain the air jet loom ?
A、开口部分保养检修 Maintenance and Repair on the open part
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1、检查凸轮箱里的油位、油质，开口凸轮及转子表面以及其他零

件有没有磨损，并做好清洁工作；

Check the oil level and quality of cam box, Check the open cam and

rotor surface and another parts if have any wear and tear, and do a good

cleaning .

2、各连杆及接头是否变形损坏，钢丝绳及接头的磨损状况，开口

量及综框高度是否符合工艺要求。

Check each connect rod and joint whether deformation damage ,

check the wire rope and joints’ status of wear and tear, check the

openings and heald frame height whether be in line with the process

requirement .

B、引纬、打纬部分保养检修

Maintenance on the weft insertion and beating-up part .

1、纬纱通道是否光洁，挂纱，飞花杂物阻塞等；

Check the weft channel whether bright and clean, hanging yarn, fly

sundry jam, etc.

2、储纬器鼓筒绕纱量是否符合要求，鼓筒表面是否有损伤，磁眼

是否损坏；

Check the feeder drum winding quantity whether be in accordance

with the requirements, whether have any damage on the drum surface,

whether damage on magnetic eye.

3、供纱侧剪刀剪切时间是否正确，剪刀是否锋利；
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Check the yarn scissors cutting time is correct or not, the scissors

sharp or not.

4、引纬工艺是否符合工艺设计要求；

Check the weft insertion process whether meet the design

requirement.

5、各喷嘴及其配管是否阻塞漏气，气压是否正常；

Check all nozzle and piping are blocking leakage, pressure is normal.

6、纬纱到达时间是否正常，探纬器的灵敏度；

Check the weft arrive time is normal, check the weft detector

sensitivity.

7、边撑位置是否正确，刺环是否良好，废边纱长度是否正常；

Check the temple position is correct, the ring are good condition, the

waste removal yarn length is normal.

8、手推钢筘，检查打纬间隙是否正常，钢筘位置等。

Push the reed by hand to check the beating-up gap is normal, reed

location etc.

C、送经卷取部分检修 The overhaul on take off and take up

1、各部位的油位是否适当，油质是否异常；

Check each part of the oil level is appropriate, check the oil quality

whether unusual.
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2、各个齿轮的间隙是否正常，后梁转动是否均匀，轴承是否磨损，

润滑部分是否正常；

Check each gear gap is normal, check the back rest rotation is uniform,

check the bear whether wear and tear, check the lubrication part

whether normal.

3、断经关车是否正常，上机工艺是否正确；

Check the stop of broken warp yarn whether is normal, check the

weaving technology whether is correct .

4、大卷取辊是否打滑，摩擦盘、传动链条及卷取时张力是否正常。

Check the large winding roller whether sliding, check the friction plate,

drive chain and take up tension whether is normal.

D、喷气织机的电器部分维护

The maintenance of air jet loom electrical part

喷气织机机电一体化程度较高，控制线路板多，价格也比较昂贵，

喷气车间高温、高湿、高粉尘，因此线路板的日常维护特别重要。电

控箱内线路板集中，要定期进行吸尘，一般不要用气吹，以防飞花进

入交流接触器的触点，影响其工作，电控箱的门要尽可能密封，防止

飞花粉尘的进入。更换线路板时如果温差较大要对线路板预热，这在

冬季尤为重要，而且冬季节假日时，尽可能关车不关电源，而且车间

内有必要除湿，开车时要注意电压不稳会造成线路板的损坏。

The air jet loom with high mechanical and electrical integration, with

many control circuit board, the price is more expensive, with high
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temperature, high humidity, high dust in air jet workshop, so the daily

maintenance of circuit board is particularly important. Electronic cabinet

inside circuit board is concentrate, so need regular vacuuming,

generally don’t use blow gas, to prevent the connect of fly into the AC

contactor, to affect their work. The electronic cabinet door should be

seal as far as possible, to prevent fly into the dust. When replacing the

circuit board, if the temperature difference is big, we need preheating

temperature the circuit board. This is especially important during the

winter. And winter holidays, as far as possible not close the machine

power. And it is necessary for dehumidification in the workshop. Should

be pay attention to when driving voltage instability will cause the

damage of the circuit board.

三、喷气织机常见问题及解决办法
The air jet loom common problems and solutions
A、断纬 Broken weft

纬纱断，主要是由于织物的紧度高，布面张力大，打纬区宽度大，

打纬吃力而产生。

Weft yarn broken, mainly due to the fabric tightness, high tension of

the cloth, beating-up zone width is large, beating-up demanding.

解决措施：Solution
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1、适当抬高后梁，降低综框高度和上机张力，来减小布面张力，

减少布面的游动。

Raising the back shaft, reduce the heald frame height and loom

tension , to reduce the tension of cloth, to reduce the cloth moving.

2、调节织口的位置，使钢筘打纬点的位置处于筘槽中间偏上，避

免筘槽的圆弧部位豁布。

Adjust the cloth-fell position, to make the reed beating-up point

location in the middle and upper reed groove, to avoid cut fabric on the

circular arc of the reed.

3、使用筘号较大的钢筘，降低每片筘齿作用在纬纱上的力。

Use the large size reed to reduce the power of every piece of reed

tooth on the weft yarn.

4、检查钢筘打纬处是否有凹痕。使用年限较长的钢筘时，如果材

质不太好，在打纬处会有凹痕，需注意检查。

Check whether have dent on the reed beating-up place. If the reed

material is not very good, and use many year , will be have a dent in the

beating-up place. We need pay attention to check this.

5、更换纬纱，使用强力更高的纱线。

Change the weft yarn, using the higher strength yarn.

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B、破洞 Hole

破洞按产生的原因可分为织造中产生的和非织造中产生的，非织

造中产生的主要是指布被织成后在卷取或落布运输的过程中产生的，

如刺皮辊上有硬物(如回丝、纱结、破碎的综夹子或其他落人的硬物

等)对布造成的损伤或在运输的途中被撞坏，这类破洞，要从车间制

度建设上、管理上来加以规范，并采取一些防护措施来防止它的产生。

在正常织造中产生的破洞，主要是由于综框高度偏高或纬纱缠绕上层

经纱造成钢筘有豁布现象，操作时没发现而产生的。

The hole can be divided by the causes of weaving and non-weaving in.

Non-weaving produced mainly refers to the fabric was woven in the

process of take up or off process. Such as the thorns belt with the hard

objects ( such as waste yarn, yarn knot, broken clamp or other fell into

hard object, etc) damage to the cloth , or damage to the cloth in

transportation way. This kind of hole, we should improve our workshop

system construction, management system, and take some protective

measures to prevent it. The hole in weaving , mainly due to the heald

frame on the high side or weft winding to the upper warping to cause

reed cut fabric.

解决措施：Solution

1、适当降低综框高度，使打纬点的位置正确，避免钢筘的上唇出

现豁布。
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Reduce the heald frame height, make beating-up point in correct

location, to avoid upper lip reed cut fabric.

2、提前开口、推迟引纬，提高引纬时梭口的清晰度，减少经纱在

左侧阻挡引纬的情况。

Opening in advance, delay the weft insertion, and improve the weft

shed sharpness, reducing weft yarn block insertion warp in on the left

side.

3、适当增加经纱张力，提高梭口的清晰度。

Appropriate increase the warp tension, to improve the definition of

the shed.

4、更换钢筘，钢筘的平直度不够，有弯曲现象。

Replace the reed, the reed glancing flatness is not enough, with

bending phenomenon.

C、边撑瑕疵 Temple defect

织物两侧被边撑抓住的部分，由于边撑的伸幅作用，在布面上留

下明显的拉伸痕迹，就是边撑痕，甚至出现纬纱被拉断的现象，在布

面上形成一个个小断纬，这就是边撑瑕疵。

The part of the fabric on the both side of the temple catch, due to the

effect of stretch picture of the temple, left obvious stretch mark on the

cloth, is the temple, even the phenomenon of weft is pulled, in each

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one small breaking weft is formed on the cloth, this is the temple

defects.

它的产生是由于：It is result of :

1、边撑的状态不好，边撑刺环有磨损、针刺有弯曲断裂迟钝等现

象。

Temple of the state is not good, temple thorns ring wear,

acupuncture has the phenomenon such as bending fracture dull.

2、边撑的伸幅作用太大。

Spreader effect of the temple is too big.

3、织物的纬向缩率太大。

The fabric weft shrinkage is too big.

4、布面张力太大。

The fabric tension is too big.

解决措施：Solution

1、要加强对边撑的使用管理，确保其良好状态，剌环无磨损不活

络、针刺无弯曲断裂迟钝等现象出现，保证边撑对布身的良好作用。

To strengthen the use of temple management, to ensure the good

condition, might ring without wear and loose, acupuncture without

bending fracture slow etc phenomenon, ensure that temple of the cloth

with good effect.

 Air-jet loom Knowledge

2、边撑的伸幅作用要恰到好处，一般以边撑末环能压住布边外缘

为准。

The temple should be with right stretch function. General with

temple ring can pin at the end of the outer edge as standard.

3、对纬向缩率较大的织物，如牛津纺类、纬密比经密大的织物，

宜采用刺环多、针排数多的边撑，以减少每个针刺在布身上的作用力。

For weft shrinkage fabric, such as Oxford, weft density fabric,

appropriate use more than ring, need umber of temple, to reduce the

force on each acupuncture on cloth.

4、对布面张力太大的织物，如高紧度织物、高支高密防羽绒布品

种，可适当抬高后梁，降低综框高度和上机张力，来减小布面张力。

For the tension too big fabric, such as high tight fabric, high density

down-proof fabric, can be appropriately raise back shaft, reduce the

heald frame height and running tension, to reduce the tension of cloth.

D、云织 Cloud weave

布面上出现的规律性稀密不匀，在灯光下观察比较明显。这主要

是由于送经部分不能均匀和连续地送出经纱并保持经纱张力的稳定，

或卷取部分不能均匀连续地卷取。

Cloth cover on the regularity of light not divide evenly, observed

under the light. This is mainly due to the let off part can not evenly and

continuously send warp and keep the stability of the warp tension, or

take up part can not even continuous winding.

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解决措施：Solution

1、重新调整零千克张力。

Readjust the zero kg tension.

2、检查张力传感器是否有问题。

Check the tension sensor whether is problem.

3、织轴传动齿轮是否有破损。

Check the weaving shaft gear whether is any breakage.

4、张力平稳装置运动左右是否同步。

Check the tension stable device movement whether be synchronous.

5、织轴在退绕的过程中，是否受到规律性的阻力造成经纱张力规

律性的波动。

Driving shaft in the process of unwinding, whether resistance

caused by regular regularity of warp tension fluctuation.

6、检查织机的压布辊是否有弯曲的现象。

Check whether there is pressure cloth roller of the weaving machine

bending phenomenon.

E、停车档 Park

停车档产生是由于织机在停车后启动，因打纬力的变化引起织

口位置的改变而产生的。

Park is a result of loom start after parking, caused by the change of the

beating-up force of cloth fell position change.

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解决措施：Solution

1、要尽可能地提高织造效率，要从原纱的选择，整经、浆纱质量

的控制以及织造上机工艺的优化，降低各种停台着手，减少百米停车

次数来减少停车档的绝对条数。

To improve the efficiency of weaving , as far as possible from the choice

of raw yarn, warping , sizing quality control as well as weaving

processing parameters optimization, to reduce all stop, reduce hundred

meters parking times to reduce the file’s absolute number.

2、做好关键部位的检修工作，提高设备状态。使用一定年限后的

织机，设备状态在下降，如存在织轴跳动、刺皮辊磨损、综框晃动、

后梁磨损、齿轮咬合不良、压布辊弯曲磨损、同步带打滑等不正常现

象。这些现象使织机运行精度有一定偏差，停车启动的过程中，会造

成经纱张力的波动和织口位置的变化，从而加重停车档。

Do a good job in key parts of repair work, improve the equipment status.

After using a certain years loom, equipment state in the fall, like a weave

shaft beating, roller wear, heald frame shook, back shaft wear, gear

wheel , pressure roller bending wear, timing belt slippage etc abnormal

phenomenon. These phenomena make the machine running accuracy

has a certain deviation, parking in the process of start, can cause the

warp tension fluctuation and the change of cloth fell position, thus

aggravating park.