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Mechanics of Materials II

(ME323)

Stresses in Beams (Advanced Topics)


Chapter 6
6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Introduction
• The procedure for locating the shear center consists of
two principal steps:
• First, evaluating the shear stresses acting on the cross
section when bending occurs about one of the principal
axes.
• Second, determining the resultant of those stresses. The
shear center is located on the line of action of the
resultant.
• By considering bending about both principal axes, we
can determine the position of the shear center.

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• Shear center S of a channel section
• Shear stresses in a channel vary linearly in the flanges
and parabolically in the web (Fig. b).

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• We assume that the beam is bent about the z axis as the
neutral axis
• the first moment of the flange area about the z axis

• The stress τ1 in the flange is

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• The stress τ2 at the top of the web is obtained in a similar
manner but with the thickness equal to the web thickness
instead of the flange thickness:

• The first moment of area is

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• Therefore, the maximum stress is

• The stresses τ1 and τ2 in the lower half of the beam are


equal to the corresponding stresses in the upper half.

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• The horizontal shear force F1 in either
flange (Fig. c) can be found from the
triangular stress diagrams.

• The parabolic stress diagram of Fig. b. The


diagram is made up of two parts - a
rectangle of area τ2h and a parabolic
segment of area

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• Thus, the shear force F2, equal to the area of the stress
diagram times the web thickness tw, is

• Substituting the expressions for τ2 and τmax into the


preceding equation, we obtain

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• The moment of inertia is

• Substituting this expression for Iz into expression for F2,

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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• The three forces acting on the cross section
(Fig. c) have a resultant Vy that intersects the
z axis at the shear center S (Fig. d).

• Hence, the moment of the three forces about


any point in the cross section must be equal to
the moment of the force Vy about that same
point.

• This moment relationship provides an


equation from which the position of the shear
center may be found.
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6.9: Shear Centers of Thin Walled Open Sections
- Channel Section
• The moment of the three forces

• e: distance from the centerline of the web to


the shear center
• Substitute the value of F1 and F2, we get

• Substitute the value of Iz, we get

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Stresses in Beams
- Summary
 Mechanics of Materials by J. M. JERE & B. J. GOODNO, 8th Edition.
(Read Chapter No 6)

Examples: 6-1, 6-2, 6-3

Exercise Problems: 6.8-1, 6.9-1, 6.9-3

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