Introduction to SAP S/4HANA

Unit 1 Introduction to SAP S/4HANA

 Application Services – Database, development.
SOA – Service oriented architecture  Processing Services – Handle many new types of data: text, spatial,
LOB – Line of business (e.g. CRM) graph and more.
 Integration Services – Read Big Data stores, built-in extraction,
ERP is part of a family known as SAP Business Suite. SAP S/4HANA is transformation & loading capabilities (ETL).
Enterprise Management.  Database Services – A full in-memory column and row store
database that support OLTP & OLAP.
SAP S/4HANA integrate lines of business (LOB) without problems.
Customers carefully choose the LOB solutions to your company. Both OLTP & OLAP can handle from a single data model, the same table, in
real time.
Overlaps and redundancy have been completely remove from SAP
S/4HANA, it is built natively and optimally to run only on the SAP HANA SAP HANA using column stores to data in very little space.
platform. Data across an in-memory tier is called HOT storage, and a disk-based tier is
called WARM storage.
The most important aspects of S/4HANA: Simplified Applications, in Finance now only one document called the
Universal Journal Entry.
 Built on SAP HANA
 Text mining New user experience – SAP Fiori.
 Predictive analysis
 Simulations Key aspects of the design of SAP Fiori applications:
 Powerful real-time decision support  Run on any device
 Focus on specific job functions
Version: On premise, Cloud or a combination of both.  Offer only the essential information that users need to get their
jobs.
The data model has been massively simplified. Shrink the footprint  A task is completed with very few clicks and screen changes.
dramatically.  Applications are intuitive to use, little or no required training.
 Include embedded analytics.
The first data model simplified was Finance, Now is SAP S/4HANA Finance.  Look-and-feel.

Customer can use S/4HANA Finance and continue with other applications of In on-premise edition, SAP GUI is supported and can used alongside SAP
ERP like Sales, Procurement, etc. Now have a full SAP S/4HANA core. Fiori applications. Any transactions are not yet converted to SAP Fiori.

Key capabilities of S/4HANA:

SAP S/4HANA can be natively integrated with SAP Cloud solutions, such as Private cloud is like on-premise, but it is completely managed by SAP or
Ariba, Concur, Hybris, SuccessFactors, SAP Cloud Analytics, and SAP Cloud hosting partners. Innovations are available annually.
for Customer (C4C). Too with SAP Business Networks.
It is also possible to easily combine on-premise with cloud, this is called a
Versions: hybrid deployment.
 On premise
 Cloud. The Cloud solutions can be: Name: SAP S/4HANA (on-premise)
o Public Name: SAP S/4HANA Cloud
o Private.  Cloud versions:
 A combination of both. o SAP S/4HANA Enterprise Management Cloud
o SAP S/4HANA Marketing Cloud
On-premise offer greater scope of business functions, with update once per o SAP S/4HANA Professional Services Cloud
year. (Managed for the customer)
Public cloud with update quarterly. Customers must adopt the new
innovations immediately. This edition is known as Software as a Service
(SaaS).
Unit 2 User Experience
Lesson 1
The main reason of a user interface was often designed around the business
function, like result of many different job roles.
Many clicks required for very little high-value interaction.
A key theme of SAP S/4HANA is simplification, applies to the user
experience. The term “User Experience” is to consider the overall
experience of the user.
Is important that help the user become more productive. This is with SAP
Fiori delivers.
SAP Fiori is a completely new user experience, it works on any device that
allows users to have the same experience.
SAP Fiori provides the same look and feel and productivity features on all
devices.
SAP Fiori applications are designed using a methodology called Design
Thinkink. It is a user-centric and solution-based approach to software and
user interface design.
With SAP Fiori the focus is now on the job role, rather that the function. So,
SAP Fiori applications are always roles based, organized in easy-to-use
catalogs supplied. You only assign the roles to the users.
A key goal of any SAP Fiori application is to ensure a user can complete a
task with as few clicks as possible.
With SAP Fiori, users work with just one design.
SAP GUI is still available with the on-premise edition, and can be alongside
SAP Fiori.
Not all transactions from ERP are converted to SAP Fiori applications, so SAP
GUI must still be used in some cases.
The Cloud edition uses only SAP Fiori applications.
SAP Fiori is the name of a design approach to the use of our next-generation
interface development software, called SAPUI5.
SAPIU5 is a family of technologies used by SAP for modern interface
development, and includes OData, Netweaver Gateway, HTML5 and CSS.
SAP Fiori is understand along three dimensions:
1. Fiori concept. – A simplification of the user experience, also on the
personal needs of the end user. (minimal clicks)
2. Fiori design. – Reflects the visual design, information architecture,
colors and interaction patterns.
3. Fiori technology. – Comprises all the architecture, technology, and
infrastructure and programming model components to build.
It presents only job-relevant content organized by tiles. Tiles assigned to
user roles (PFCG).
Users can select applications form tiles catalogs and customize their
Launchpad.
Some key features of an SAP Fiori applicaciont are:
 Exception driven.
 Fewest clicks to compete a task.
 Embedded analitycs.
 Next actions.
 Fuzzy search.
 Provide continual feedback on user´s progress.
 Works on any device.
Classification of SAP Fiori applications:
 Transactional
 Analytical
 Factsheet
Unit 2 User Experience
Lesson 2
Unit 2 SAP Screen Personas
SAP Fiori applications, S/4HANA contains many SAPUI5 applications. Lesson 3

SAPUI5 is the family name of the tools and technologies used to develop
S/4HANA user experience.
SAP Fiori uses SAPUI5 with strict design and development guidelines to
ensure a consistent user experience. Only a subset of all design items in the
SAPIU5 library is allow for SAP Fiori.
Customers can use SAP Screen Personal to simplify their existing SAP GUI
screens or Web Dynpro ABAP applications to meet their unique needs and
increase productivity.
SAP Screen Personas can be used to customize both SAP and customer-
created screens.

The aim of a SAPUI5 application is to create a great user experience. SAP Screen Personas is available only with the On-premise edition of
S/4HANA, and not the cloud edition.
This type of application is more suited a key decision-maker. And can be
called from the SAP Fiori Launchpad. SAP provides design guides and Fiori-inspired sample content for SAP Screen
Personas.
SAPUI5 application is based on a sophisticated text mining scenario.
Examples of improvements include the ability to do the following:
SAP HANA provides the in-memory search engines, and SAPUI5 provides the  Remove fields and tabs.
user experience.  Rename fields and other screen text.
 Add graphics and colors to brighten up the screen.
 Add dropdown lists.
 Add a video link to launch.
 Add a button to kick off a sequence of actions or launch a related
transaction.
Unit 3 SAP HANA “Extending the core” is the powerful data processing engine with many
Lesson 1 built-in capabilities to develop innovative applications integrating S/4HANA.

Services provided by SAP HANA: The majority data in an organization is Text. So, SAP HANA has native text-
1. Application Services processing capabilities. These include the following:
2. Processing Services
3. Integration Services  Text Search
4. Database Services  Text Analysis
 Text Mining
SAP HANA is fully in-memroy, so it is very fast. It is ACID-compliant
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. Also, SAP HANA text processing handles multiple languages.

SAP HANA is built to support row and column based. Both storage types.

Hot data – Memory & Warm data – Disk

We call Code-to-data to the process of data in memory and the results send
to Database Layer.

Savepoint is a snapshot of the entire memory and stores this on a disk layer.

The Log Area is the point between Savepoint and update to the database.

A warm standby server is ready if a server fails, with the savepoint and logs
up to date the data.

SAP HANA classify temperatures of data, active and passive. Data active in
memory, data passive storage in Big Data or archive systems.

The applications do not need know where the data is, HANA managed it.

Internet of Things (IoT) is connect of the devices that transmit information

continually.

Smart Data Access (SDA) allows to SAP HANA to access remote database
tables and files from any source.

Smart Data Integration (SDI) and Smart Data Quality (SDQ) provides real-
time data replication from any source.
Unit 4 Applications SAP S/4HANA is a process-oriented solution.
Lesson 1
Procurement – covers the end-to-end process that starts with
SAP S/4HANA has two layers: requisitions, order, goods receipt, invoice receipt, and supplier
Enterprise Management – Core Solution (Digital Core). payment.
Line of Business – Extend to the core.
Inventory Management – support the identification, classification,
Lesson 2 SAP S/4HANA Finance valuation, and storage of stock.

Just only one item table. This is known as the Universal Journal. Material Requirements Planning (MRP) – Run in real-time.
No reconciliation.
Cost Element and Secondary cost elements are now G/L accounts. Available-to-Promise – Real time available check, Simultaneous checks,
Optimized, fast reporting without BW. substitution processing of orders.
A Coding Block Extensibility to customer fields.
Real-time derivation. Capacity Planning – Support the planning of production, sequence,
Profitability Analysis immediately. schedule of production and assembly. Resolved quickly shortages.

SAP S/4HANA Central Finance. (SAP ERP, non-SAP, S/4HANA Landscape)
Key Components in the Central Finance:
 SAP SLT – SAP Replication Server (On-premise & Cloud)
 Central Finance Accounting Interface.
 Business Mapping /SAP Master Data Governance (MDG)
 Error Correction Handling. Correcting replication or mapping errors.
Order Management – Covers quotation, to order, to delivery, to billing,
to payment- End-to-end order management lifecycle.
Industry to Core – Combine the functions from various generic industry
solutions. DIMP as Discrete Industries and Mill Products.
Simplification List -

Lesson 3 SAP S/4HANA Enterprise Management

Represent the core solution, covering all mission-critical processes of an

enterprise. Natively built on the SAP S/4HANA, includes the following:
 Procure to pay
 Plan to product
 Order to cash
 Request to service
 Core human resource
 Core finance
 Lesson 2 Methodology
Unit 5 Adoption
Lesson 1 SAP Activate Methodology is the successor the ASAP.

SAP Active is a combination of SAP Best Practices and tools to simplify and
accelerate the adoption of SAP S/4HANA.
The main components of SAP Activate:
1. SAP Best Practices – business processes.
2. Methodology – Road map to ensure implementation.
3. Guided Configuration – Tools to help activate Best Practices.
Roadmap:
Prepare  Explore  Realize  Deploy
Prepare: Guide to the setup of the model company.
Explore: Fit/gap analysis.
Realize: Best Practices Integration with business networks (Ariba,
SuccessFactors, etc.), data migration, customization, and extensions.
Deploy: Onboarding, training by SAP Learning Hub.

SAP Activate is available for on-premise and cloud editions. And supports
the scenarios of SAP S/4HANA:
 New implementation.
 System conversion.
 Landscape Transformation.
Steps to scenario: New implementation.
 Installation of SAP NetWeaver based on SAP HANA.
 Installation of SAP S/4HANA
 Installation of SAP Fiori for SAP S/4HANA.
 Activation of the required business processes. (S/4HANA Cloud)
 Migration of business data from legacy systems. (S/4HANA Cloud)
Based in the Methodology JAM.
Lesson 3 Best Practices
Provide a preconfiguration for many business priorities.
Guides customers through the migration process to SAP S/4HANA.
Covers integration and migration fundamentals and never start from a blank
slate.
Available for all cloud versions, including Enterprise Management,
Professional Services, and Marketing Edition. So, cannot be changed the
core processes.

Steps to scenario: Syst. Conversion. (Migration, not Upgrade <new version>) Best Practices for S4H On-Premise Edition content:
 Update your system SAP NetWeaver.  Setup and extension of SAP Fiori
 Migrate the database to SAP HANA.  Analytics
 Install SAP S/4HANA and SAP Fiori for SAP S/4HANA  Industry content
 Migrate data from the old data structures to the new.  On-premise LoB solutions
 Integration with cloud solutions
Steps to scenario: Landscape Transformation.
 New installation of S/4HANA or a conversion from ERP to S/4HANA.
 Migration based on SAP Landscape Transformation Replication (SLT)
 Set up of a central finance instance.
Lesson 4 Guided Configuration Recommended ABAP Code Review – Avoid SELECT * and you ask for only
columns you need, Try to Send a WHERE Clause to the SAP HANA Database,
Assists with the implementation of SAP Best Practices. SAP provides varios push down all data-intensive functions (aggregation, filters, and sorts)
tools to support these efforts as follows:
 Solution Builder – Used to develop and structure configuration with Tools for Code Review – ABAP Code Inspector is a tool that allows
building blocks developers to choose the type of checks they want to make.
 Self-Service Configuration UIs (only for S4H Cloud)
 Expert Configurations (only for S4H Cloud editions)
 IMG and SAP Solution Manager (only for S4H On-Premise Edition)

Available through the “Manage Your Solution” Fiori application. The

following features are available:
 Initial configuration of the solution
 A process-driven approach for automated testing.
 A possibility of evaluating already activated business processes and
version for each country.
 An embedded migration engine.
 User training and onboarding.

Lesson 5 Adapting Custom ABAP Code

The detailed review is necessary to ensure that the custom code still
functions as expected.

Custom Code Review – There are a few coding techniques and database
objects that simply do not work en S4H and must be replaced.

Review References to ABAP Dictionary Objects – Identifies special tables and

be converted to transparent tables. If your code refers to them, you must
make adjustments. Customers and partners need to make your own check
and adjustments.

Other Essential ABAP Code Checks – Review of native SQL, Avoid SELECT *,
do not assume a sort sequence like result. You must explicitly code this sort
request, if needed.
Unit 6 Embedded Analytics
Lesson 1
With SAP S/4HANA, OLTP and OLAP are combined on a single, in-memory
platform. All analysis is done directly on the core transactional tables.
A key enabler of this simplicity is that the SAP S/4HANA data modes is
simple.
Additionally, SAP S/4HANA includes built-in analysis tools that are user-
friendly and promote self-service BI.
Better Analytics – User express desire for better analytics, now is very low
personal success rate.
Embedded Analytics – Analytics at the point of opportunity or risk within a
transaction. S/4HANA works on real-time, so all analytics are always up to
date.
Advanced BI Tools – You can also use tools to look for hidden patterns of
behavior to identify warning signs, you can compare the current supplier
data with years of historical information on the supplier to identify trends,
and we can address the low levels of satisfaction.
Embedded VS Strategic Analysis – Many analytics tools relevant to SAP
S/4HANA:
 Embedded analytics – A collection of tools that are included with
core SAP S/4HANA.
 Strategic analytics – A collection of tools that are not included with
core SAP S/4HANA, licenses are usually required, and the focus is on
deeper, more advanced BI scenarios.
 Both, always run on a single copy of live, common SAP S/4HANA.
Embedded Analytics are part of the core SAP S/4HANA license.
The tools can be broken down by types of users at which they are aimed:
 End User – Multidimensional Reporting, SAP Smart Business
Cockpits, Query Browser, and Analytical Fiori Apps.
 Key User – Query Designer, KPI Modeling Apps.
 IT User – Core Data maintenance: CDS is the foundation for all
analytics.
SAP S/4HANA Strategic Analytics are NOT part of the core SAP S/4HANA
license.
These tools leverage the same foundation used by embedded analytics,
which are CDS views. But, they are used by dedicated BI users.
Include the following areas:
 SAP BW – including SAP and non-SAP.
 Lumira – Powerful data-mashup and visualization tool, which can
provide insight where data is complex.
 Design Studio – A developers´tool to create advanced analytical
applications and dashboard that can be presented on any device.
 Analysis for Office – Excel-based advanced, multidimensional OLAP
tool.
 Other SAP BusinessObjects Tools – Include SAP Predictive Analytics,
SAP BusinessObjects Web Intellingence, and SAP Crystal Reports.
 CDS view can be a data source to be consumed directly by the
reporting tools. Also be used as a data source (extractor) to load
BW.
Lesson 2 The Virtual Data Model (VDM)
The layer called the Virtual Data Model (VDM) is a logical layer that exposes
business-ready views of the table data and adds extra meaning to the data,
such as how it can be consumed (transactional or analytic), how the
measures should be aggregated, and which measures are currently relevant.
SAP has developed a comprehensive VDM called SAP HANA Live.
SAP HANA Live exposes all key ERP data from the underlying database tables
into views that can easily be consumed by any BI tool. SAP HANA Live is still
available and important for customers who run Suite On HANA (SoH).
A VDM is a hierarchy of views, in which each layer adds more business
context, until the top layer is consumed by the application.
The lowest VDM layer sits on top of the database tables and consumes the
most important data directly from the tables.
The next VDM layer consumes from the first virtual layer to refine the data,
apply filters, add calculations, convert currencies, change the description of
the columns, and so on.
A VDM can be developed using scripting tools or graphical modeling tools. In
the case of CDS, we develop the VDM using a scripting language, which is
based on SQL, but with additional syntax and keywords to add more
semantics.
The VDM contains views that are fully reusable in any application, and ca be
extended by customers.
CDS-Based VDM for SAP S/4HANA Embedded Analytics – They are built with
ABAP-managed CDS views in the ABAP layer of the S/4HANA system. They
are physically stored in the ABAP repository, where the ABAP programs
reside.
The CDS stored and managed in the SAP HANA platform are called SAP
HANA native CDS views.
ABAP-Managed CDS views – They are built using SQL, but added
annotations and when is activated, an SQL view is generated in the SAP
HANA database. CDS views do not contain ABAP code, just standard SQL
Plus annotations to enrich the data. CDS views are built using the ABAP
editor for Eclipse.
SAP S/4HANA VDM Architecture – CDS views are built in layers and provide
a set of base layer views (called private views) to offer a high degree of
reusability. Doing more useful at the next layer (interface views). Finally, you
add more semantics (such as filters) to provide a view that is optimal
(consumption view).
This layering model is strictly enforced by SAP to provide governance and
promote controlled extensibility.
Lesson 3 Tools for End Users
End users are typically business users. The tools that used are Lumira,
Analysis for Office, Analytical Fiori Apps, Query Browser, SAP Smart Business
KPIs/APF, Multi-dimensional reports and visualizations.
o Multidimensional Reporting Client (MDRC) – comes with the
installation of core S/4HANA, available for cloud and on-premise
deployments. The user can then add or remove elements of the
report for uses the grid layout.
o Smart Business Cockpit / KPI Tiles – The tiles highlight key
information at a glance. Numbers can be color coded to represent
different levels of alert. The surface of the tile can show simple
numbers or chart snippents. The information on the tile is update in
real time, in order to provide drilldown capabilities and appropriate
actions.
o Query Browser – provides a lists of all available analytical queries.
The reports are based on a Design Studio template and offer basic
OLAP capabilities.
o Analytical SAP Fiori Applications – End users are assigned to relevant
analytical SAP Fiori applications to support them in their roles.
o SAP BusinessObjects Analysis, edition for Microsoft Office – For
more advanced OLAP features are required that are available in the
built-in MDRC. Create Excel-based reports all the way up to the
most advanced, highly formatted reports. Available for the on-
premise edition of S/4HANA, but not available in the Cloud. Uses a
separate license, and is not included with SAP S/4HANA.
o SAP BusinessObjects Lumira – Tool that allows end users to acquire
data from S/4HANA, but also from any other data source in a
customer´s landscape. Available for the on-premise edition of
S/4HANA, but not available in the Cloud. Uses a separate license,
and is not included with SAP S/4HANA.
Lesson 4 Tools for Key Users
A key user is responsible for building analytics, and may also be a consumer.
Key users are typically IT users, who are building BI content.
Query Designer – Tool is available in the cloud for now. It is aimed at key
users. This is because the query needs to be built from scratch.
Integration with SAP BW and S/4HANA, you can see a report that is built
using a modeled material hierarchy that comes from master data of SAP
BW.
You can also see hybrid reports that combine the historical data with real-
time data (Hybrid Scenarios).

KPI Modeling – This is the toolkit used by the key user to develop the KPI
tiles. All of these components are used to build smart business cockpits.
Two levels of KPI tiles, first level involves the tiles on the Launchpad, the
second level involves the tiles within the cockpit. You can choose from
library of KPI tile templates.

Design Studio – Tool to develop dashboard within S/4HANA embedded

analytic. The built-in graphical components, such as charts, maps, and
buttons allow for the rapid design of highly interactive dashboards. Design
Studio comes with a separate license.

Analysis Path Framework (APF) – This tools helps you develop a story.

Lesson 5 Tools for IT Users

ABAP for Eclipse: CDS Development and Maintenance

The VDM used by S/4HANA analytics is based on ABAP-managed CDS views.

The interface for CDS views is called ABAP for Eclipse. A CDS view contains
SQL code.

Lesson 6 Where does SAP BW Fit?

SAP S/4HANA embedded analytics includes an embedded BW in the core.

Generate a transient provider for all CDS views at runtime.

This means it is possible to build BEx queries directly on these transient

providers.

BW is needed to strong data governance, strategic reporting is required on

aggregated levels.