Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Gradele de comparatie
Adjectiv Substantiv
- pt adj scurte
adj + er + than
Modificari ortografice:
1) daca adj se termina in “e”, se adauga doar “r”
Ex: nice – nicer
- pt adj lungi
more + adj + than
Ex: The book is more interesting than the movie.
! nu toate adj au grad de comparatie, unele definesc ideea de unitate (own, complete,
proper, perfect, marvelous, maximum, minimum).
Altele au sufixe si prefixe:
extra – large
over – crowded
super – fine
ultra – short
priceless
Comparatia neregulata
good – better – the best
bad – worse – the worst
ill – worse – the worst
many – more – the most
much – more – the most
little – less – the least
near – nearer – the nearest (cel mai apropiat); next (urmatorul)
far – farther – the farthest (in spatiu)
far – further – the furthest (in timp)
late – later – the latest; the last (ultimul); the latter (ult din 2)
Dintre 2, primul este “the former”, nu “the first”.
up – upper – the upmost
in – inner – the inmost
out – outer – the outmost
fore – former – the foremost
old – older – the oldest
old – elder – the eldest (doar atributiv, pt membrii aceleiasi familii)
Ex: My elder brother is older than me. (fratele meu mai mare)
Constructii adjectivale
! Mai multe adjective care determina acelasi substantiv se despart prin virgula. Daca nu
apare virgula intre ele atunci cel care nu este urmat de virgula este adverb.
! Un adjectiv poate sa determine si un verb. Verbul va fi obligatoriu “to be” sau orice alt
verb de perceptie care poate fi inlocuit cu “to be”.
Ex: I am intelligent
He looks happy sau He is happy.
Adjectivul demonstrativ
Adjectivul posesiv
Adjectivul interogativ
Diferenta: what./which
Which presupune selectie dintr-un numar limitat.
Ex: Which boy is your best friend?
Adjectivul relativ
- pozitie mediana
- introduce o propozitie secundara
- invariabil
- determina un substantiv anulandu-i articolul
- forme:
whatever (fara selectie),
whichever (selectie din numar limitat),
whose (a, al, ai, ale cui).
Utilizare:
1. In propozitia enuntiativa urmat de substantiv nenumarabil sau numarabil la plural.
Ex: I have some money / friends.
ANY
Este inlocuitorul lui “some” in:
3. In propozitia care contine un adverb negativ de genul: hardly, barely, scarcely (de
abia, cu greu, deloc).
Ex: I hardly eat any bread (nu mananc paine aproape deloc)
! Dupa each, every, either sau neither rmeaza substantiv numarabil la singular iar
acordul cu verbul se face la singular.
SUCH (astfel)
Urmat de substantiv numarabil la plural sau nenumarabil.
Ex: I have such friends/information.
SUCH A
Urmat de substantiv numarabil la singular.
Ex: This is such a man of honor.
ALL
Urmat de substantiv nenumarabil sau numarabil la plural.
Ex: All books/information must be used.
WHOLE
Urmat de substantiv numarabil la singular.
Ex: I like the whole book.
Expresia “The other day” = some days ago, cere obligatoriu trecutul.
Ex: I was there the other day. (Am fost acolo acum cateva zile)
OTHER
Urmat de substantiv numarabil la plural.
Ex: Give me other examples.
ANOTHER
+ substantiv la singular (different, in addition)
Ex: Would you like another drink? = vrei inca unul (suplimentar) sau un altul (diferit)?
BOTH
+ substantiv numarabil la plural (pt. doi)
Ex: I like both kids -> acordul in plural
Both are intelligent.
SEVERAL
Mai multi intr-un numar nedefinit.
+ substantiv numarabil la plural.
Ex: We spent several days there.
MOST = majoritatea
+ substantiv numarabil la plural sau nenumarabil.
Ex: Most books/information can be read easily.
ENOUGH
! Daca e urmat de substantiv nenumarabil sau numarabil la plural are pozitie mobila.
Ex: I have enough money/money enough to be happy.