360 DEGREE STEERING SYSTEM

A project report submitted to

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by

S. UJWALA 16835A0345

V. AJAY KUMAR 16835A0350

A. AKARSH 16835A0351

Under the guidance of

Mr. M. SRIHARI

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GURUNANAK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University)

Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy District-501506

2018-2019

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini project entitled “360 Degree Steering System” is being
presented with report by Ms. Sheelam Ujwala (16835A0345), Mr. Vuppala Ajay Kumar
(16835A0350) and Mr. Adi Akarsh (16835A0351) in partial fulfillment for the award of
the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering to the Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University is a record of bonafide work carried out by them under my
guidance and supervision.

The results embodied in this project report have not been submitted to any other University
or Institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma.

Mr. M. SRIHARI Dr. B. VIJAYA KUMAR

(Assistant Professor) (Head of the department)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset, we express our deepest sense of gratitude to our guide Mr. M Srihari,
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GNIT, Hyderabad, for giving
us an opportunity to work on a project that was challenging and interesting for us. We
remember with great emotion, the constant encouragement and help extended to us by him
that went beyond the realm of academics.

We express our profound gratitude to Dr. B. Vijaya Kumar, Professor and Head of the
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, GNIT, HYDERABAD.

I owe my immense thanks to the Principal and the Management of Guru Nanak Institute of
Technology for providing us the best amenities to enable us to complete our project in the
stipulated time.

Our sincere thanks go to all the faculty members of the department for voluntary help,
direct and indirect, extended to us during the project work.

On a more personal note we thank our beloved parents and friends for their moral support
during the project.

SHEELAM UJWALA 16835A0345

VUPPALA AJAY KUMAR 16835A0350

ADI AKARSH 16835A0351

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 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that minor project entitled “360 DEGREE STEERING SYSTEM” is
the work done by SHEELAM UJWALA, VUPPALA AJAY KUMAR, ADI AKARSH
bearing Roll No. 16835A0345, 16835A0350, 16835A0351 respectively towards the
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in
Mechanical Engineering, to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad,
is the result of the work carried out under the guidance of Mr. M SRIHARI, Assistant
Professor, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, Hyderabad.

We further declare that this project report has not been previously submitted before either
in part or full for the award of any degree or any diploma by any organization or any
universities.

SHEELAM UJWALA 16835A0345

VUPPALA AJAY KUMAR 16835A0350

ADI AKARSH 16835A0351

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 ABSTRACT

This project deals with the design and fabrication of 360-degree wheel rotation vehicle
using DC motor and steering is done to reduce time to turn from one direction to other
direction. This vehicle can move in all direction at a same position by used of steering,
sprocket, DC motor, bearing and chain drive. Main function of this vehicle is easy to move
from one direction to other direction. Modern development and economical progression of
Indian society resulted in increase of people on railway platform, increase of vehicle on the
road, due to space constraints, in hospital is major problem of the country. Present study
aims for development of a system to reduce the turning radius of vehicle. In this system at
first vehicle is stopped and wheels are then turned in the required direction with help of
steering system and DC motor. It has turning radius nearly equal to negligible of length of
the vehicle itself.

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 CONTENTS
Sl.No Description Page No.
1.0 INTRODUCTION 01
2.0 LITERATURE SURVEY 03
2.1 Steering system 04
2.2 Turning Vehicle 04
2.3 Types of Wheel Steering 05
2.3.1 Front Wheel Steering 05
2.3.2 Shorter Radius Turning 06
2.3.3 Parallel Parking 07
2.3.4 Zero Degree Rotation 08

3.0 METHODOLOGY 09
4.0 STUDY OF MOTORS 10
4.1 DC Motor 10
4.2 DC Motor Construction 11
4.3 Principle of Operation 11
4.4 Welding 14
4.5 Basic Principle of Welding Machine 14
4.6 Welding Transformer Set 16

5.0 COMPONENTS 17
5.1 Sprocket 17
5.2 Roller Chain 17
5.3 Wheel 18
5.4 Iron Pipe 18
5.5 DC Motor 19
5.6 Bearing 20
5.7 DPDT Switch 20

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6.0 WORKING OF 360 DEGREE 22
STEERING SYSTEM
7.0 FABRICATION OF PARTS 24
7.1 Frame Construction 24
7.2 Chain Mechanism 25
7.3 Clamps Construction 26
7.3.1 U-Clamp 26
7.3.2 L-Clamp 26
7.4 Design of Hubs 27
7.4.1 Hub attached to Frame 27
7.1.2 Hub attached to Sprocket 28
7.5 Design of Bush 29
7.6 Sprockets 30
8.0 RESULT 31
9.0 CONCLUSION 32
10.0 REFERENCES 33

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 LIST OF FIGURES
SL.NO Figure Name Page No.
1.0 Front Wheel Steering 06
2.0 Shorter Radius Turning 07
3.0 Parallel Parking 08
4.0 Zero Degree Rotation 08
5.0 Principle of Motor 12
6.0 Torque Indication 12
7.0 Welding Machine 15
8.0 Welding Transformer Set 16
9.0 Sprocket 17
10.0 Roller Chain 18
11.0 Wheel 18
12.0 Iron pipes 19
13.0 DC Motor 19
14.0 Bearing 20
15.0 DPDT Switch 21
16.0 Frame Construction 24
17.0 Chain Mechanism 25
18.0 U-Clamp 26
19.0 L-Clamp 26
20.0 Hub attached to Frame 27
21.0 Hub attached to Sprocket 28
22.0 Bush 29
23.0 Sprockets 30

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