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Caregiver Styles
Caregiver Styles
According to the textbook, Guidance of Young Children, 2018, there are four caregiving
(Marion, 2018, p. 21). Each of the styles have different effect on children (Marion, 2018, p. 14).
As a child raised by authoritarian parents, I can empathize that balance is the key to a positive
relationship among parents or caregiver, and children. The overly strict parents or caregivers could
afflict harm to their children and the opposite which is the overly loose caregivers or parents could
high demandingness and high responsiveness; considered a positive approach” (Marion, 2018, p.
14). This style of caregiving enables children to “feel safe and secure”, and “encourages self-
responsibility”; “fosters competence and healthy self-control” (Marion, 2018, p. 15). Setting
proper limits to children as well as providing the right amount of attention when needed supports
their need for structure, consistency, and trust. Children will know that the adults care enough to
protect them from harm by setting limits to their unsafe behaviors as well as being the kind, warm,
and nurturing person who they can talk to whenever they need help or comfort. According to Piko
data from an empirical study suggest, authoritative style is important not only in
terms of parenting, but also related to school life: authoritative schools (that are
both demanding and responsive) have the best results for youth behavior (e.g.,
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6).
The study that was conducted aimed to prove that authoritative parenting can help if not prevent
youth from depression and other negative behaviors. Their results although not a hundred percent
proven still showed the positive outcome of having authoritative parents (Piko & Balázs, 2012, p.
6).
recommended caregiving style due to the negative discipline involved such as “Harsh physical
punishment, threats, lies, shaming, ridicule, sarcasm, humiliation, hostile humor and
disconnecting” (Marion, 2018, p. 18). According to Nguyen, 2008, “Furthermore, cross cultural
research has reported that children, both in Asia and in Western countries, whose parents use the
authoritarian parenting method tend to exhibit higher levels of depression and lower levels of self-
esteem (Cheung & Lau, 1985; Chiu, 1987; Fry,1984; Gunnoe, Hetherington, & Reiss, 1999; Herz
& GuUone, 1999)” (Nguyen, 2008, p. 3). Understanding the negative effect brought about by this
style of caregiving will prevent future damage to children’s emotional development as well as
psychological development. As teachers, we can advocate for the children in our classroom and
to help educate families, specifically families from cultures that practices this style of caregiving
The caregiver style of permissiveness which are indulgent and uninvolved are also not a
good caregiving style. Marion, 2018, states that, “Permissive adults tend to use ineffective
discipline. They do not hurt children, but they are not very helpful, either” (Marion, 2018, p. 21).
In an article by Wischert, Mulvaney, Brackett, and Perkins, 2016, “Permissive parenting has been
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Afzali, & Hejazi,2011)” (Wischert, Mulvaney, Brackett, & Perkins, 2016, p. 1-2). The common
saying that “too much of everything is not good” could easily describe the indulgent caregiving
style. Too much freedom will also be harmful to children. If a child does know that they could
hurt others by their actions because their trusted adults did not show them the consequences, they
will not be able to learn empathy, and “they tend to be low in impulse control.” (Marion, 2018, p.
22). These children will not be “very self-reliant or self-responsible.” (Marion, 2018, p. 22).
Wischert et al, 2016, states that, “Children with permissive parents may have fewer opportunities
to experience boundary setting or the consequent frustration, anger, and disappointment that follow
when children are required to conform to adult expectations for behavior.” (Wischert, Mulvaney,
Brackett, & Perkins, 2016, p. 4) which is not the way to learn structure when the child is already
in the school setting. Not only will it be difficult for the teacher to deal with the child’s challenging
behavior, the child’s experience in school will also not be pleasant. Instead of learning new and
exciting lessons, the child will spend this time being reprimanded.
As teachers and caregivers, we do our best to provide the children with the best learning
experience that will support their developmental needs. Having the knowledge of the right
caregiving styles will be beneficial in our classroom setting because it will also promote a calm,
and smooth sailing environment, with minimal distraction from dealing with challenging
behaviors. It will also equip us the tools to share to parents on how to guide their children properly.
We also have to consider the child’s home environment, culture, and lifestyle when thinking about
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the challenges that they present in our classroom. As previously learned, it takes a village to raise
a child and as part of their village, we need all the help we can get.
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References
https://fresno.redshelf.com/book/read/833263/?course_id=22423
search.ebscohost.com.librarycatalog.fresno.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,uid
,url&db=edb&AN=34765375&site=eds-live
Piko, B., & Balázs, M. (2012). Control or involvement? Relationship between authoritative
Wischerth, G. A., Mulvaney, M. K., Brackett, M. A., & Perkins, D. (2016). The Adverse
https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2016.1224223