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UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal

Subject code- AU-801 Subject: Refrigeration & Air Conditioning

Semester: VIII

Objectives:
To be familiar with all the basic concepts of fluids and fluid flow phenomenon, conservation equations and their
applications to fluid flow problems.
Outcomes: At the completion of this course, students should be able to
1. Understand the properties of the fluid.
2. Understand and solve the fluid flow problems.
3. Understand the mathematical techniques of practical flow problems.
4. Understand the energy exchange process in fluid machines.

Unit-I Introduction: Principles and methods of refrigeration, freezing; mixture cooling by gas reversible
expansion, throttling, evaporation, Joule Thomson effect and reverse Carnot cycle; unit of refrigeration,
coefficient of performance, vortex tube & thermoelectric refrigeration, adiabatic demagnetization; air
refrigeration cycles- Joule’s cycle Boot-strap cycle, reduced ambient cycle and regenerative cooling
cycles.
Unit-II Vapour compression system: Vapor compression cycle, p-h and t-s diagrams, deviations from
theoretical cycle, sub-cooling and super heating, effects of condenser and evaporator pressure on cop;
multi-pressure system: removal of flash gas, multiple expansion & compression with flash inter cooling;
low temperature refrigeration: production of low temperatures, cascade system, dry ice, production of dry
ice, air liquefaction system.
Unit-III (a) Vapour absorption system: Theoretical and practical systems such as aqua-ammonia,
Electrolux & other systems; (b) Steam jet refrigeration: Principles and working, simple cycle of
operation, description and working of simple system, (c) refrigerants: nomenclature & classification,
desirable properties, common refrigeration, comparative study, leak detection methods, environment
friendly refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures, brine and its properties
Unit-IV Psychometric: Calculation of psychometric properties of air by table and charts; Psychometric
processes: sensible heating and cooling, evaporative cooling, cooling and dehumidification, heating and
humidification, mixing of air stream, sensible heat factor; principle of air conditioning, requirements of
comfort air conditioning, ventilation standards, infiltrated air load, fresh air load human comfort, effective
temperature & chart, heat production & regulation of human body.
Unit-V Air conditioning loads: calculation of summer & winter air conditioning load, bypass factor of
coil, calculation of supply air rate & its condition, room sensible heat factor, grand sensible heat factor,
effective sensible heat factor, dehumidified air quantity. Problems on cooling load calculation. Air
distribution and ventilation systems
EVALUATION

Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

References: -
1. Arora CP; Refrigeration and Air Conditioning; TMH
2. Sapali SN; Refrigeration and Air Conditioning; PHI
3. Ananthanarayan; Basic Refrigeration and Air conditioning; TMH
4. Manohar Prasad; Refrigeration and Air Conditioning; New Age Pub
5. Ameen; Refrigeration and Air Conditioning; PHI
Academic Session 2017-18
6. Pita; Air conditioning Principles and systems: an energy approach; PHI
7. Stoecker W.F, Jones J; Refrigeration and Air conditioning; McGH, Singapore
8. Jordan RC and Priester GB Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, PHI USA
9. Arora RC; Refrigeration and Air conditioning; PHI Learning

List of experiments:-
1. General Study of vapor compression refrigeration system.
2. General Study of Ice Plant
3. General Study and working of cold storage
4. General Study Trane Air Condition (Package Type).
5. General Study of Electrolux Refrigeration
6. General Study One tone Thermax refrigeration unit.
7. General Study of Water cooler
8. General Study of Psychrometers (Absorption type)
9. General Study of Leak Detectors (Halide Torch).
10. General Study and working of Gas charging Rig.
11. General Study of window Air Conditioner.
12. General Study and working of Vapor compression Air conditioning Test rig.
13. Experimentation on Cold Storage of Calculate COP & Heat Loss.
14. Experimentation on Vapor compression Air Conditioning test rig.
15. Changing of Refrigerant by using Gas Charging Kit.

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal

Subject code- AU-802 Subject: Vehicle Body Engineering

Semester: VII

Objectives:
To enable the students to prepare a detailed assembly drawing for machine components.
Outcomes:
1. Understand Indian standards for machine drawing.
2. Understand Fits and Tolerances in technical drawing.
3. Prepare assembly drawing of joints, couplings and machine elements.
4. Design and prepare Jigs and fixtures for given components.

Unit I Car Body Details: Types: Saloon, Convertibles, Limousine, Estate Van, Racing & Sports Car Visibility,
Regulation, driver’s visibility, test for visibility method of improving visibility & space in cars safety design
equipments for car; car body construction.
Unit II Vehicle Aerodynamics: Objectives Vehicles drag and types various types of forces & moments effect of
force & moments side wind effects on force & moments various body optimization, technique for minimum drag-
Wind tunnel testing: flow visualization techniques, Scale model testing, component balance to measure force &
moments.
Unit III Bus Body Details: Types: Mini bus, Single Decker, Double Decker, Spirit Level & articulated bus- bus
body Layout floor height Engine location Entrance & Exit location - Sitting dimensions Construction details: Frame
construction, Double skin construction - Types metals sections used Regulation Conventional & integral type
construction.
Unit IV Commercial Vehicle Details: Types of body: Flat platform, Drop side, Fixed Side, Tipper body, tanker
body light commercial vehicle body types dimension of driver seat in relation to control Driver’s cab design.
Unit V Body Materials, Trim & Mechanism: Steel sheet, timber, plastic, GRP, Properties of materials corrosion
anticorrosion methods escalation of paint & painting process; Body trim items; body mechanisms. Unit VI Body
Loads: Idealized structure Structural surface shear panel method Symmetric & asymmetrical vertical loads in a car
longitudinal load. Different Loading situation.
EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

References:
1. Powloski, J.; Vehicle Body Engg. Business books Ltd
2. Giles J.C; Body construction & Design; Butter worth & Co.
3. Ramalingam KK; Automobile engineering; Scitech pub
4. John Fenton; Vehicle Body Layouts & analysis, Mechanical Engg. Publication ltd. London.
5. Braithwaite, J.V.; Vehicle Body building & Drawing, Heinemann Edn. Books Ltd. London 11. Martin and
Graham; Introduction to finite element Analysis (Theory and App.)

List of Experiments (Please Expand it):


1. To find out forces and moments acting on vehicle body
2. Study of body construction of various vehicles
3. Study and analysis of wind loads on vehicle body
4. Study effect of body materials and painting on vehicle dynamics.

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject code- AU-803(A) Subject: Tractor & Farm Equipments (Elective-III)

Semester: VIII

Objectives:
On completion of this course, the students are expected to understand the fundamental principle, operation,
performance of IC Engines, auxiliary systems, combustion of SI & CI engines, various fuels used and engine
emissions.
Outcomes:
Acquire the knowledge of engine components and fuel air cycles
1. Understand the working of engine auxiliary systems.
2. Understand the combustion aspects of SI Engines
3. Understand the combustion aspects of CI Engines.

Unit-I Introduction: Fundamental of Soils and machinery; different equipments, purposes and operations; Systems
of Earth Moving Equipments: Engine-all systems of engine and special features like automatic timer, turbochargers,
after coolers; Transmission: - Basic types and planetary transmission constructional and working principles. Hydro
shift automatic trans torque converters, retarders; Hydraulics: - basic components of hydraulic systems like pumps
(types); control valves, relief valves and hydraulic motors; hydraulic cylinders, circuits and controls valves
Unit-II Final Drive: Types of reductions, Structure and function suspensions like hydraulic suspension; brakes and
steering:- hydraulic power steering, main components and circuit; tire, brakes and components and functions; Under
carriage and tracked vehicles, advantages and disadvantages, tractor and components.
Unit-III Earth Moving Equipments Management: Earth moving equipments; maintenance; type of maintenance
schedules; purpose and advantages, organization set ups and documentation; method of selection of equipments:-
Selection of machines, basic rules of matching machine, selection of equipment including the nature of operation;
selection- based on type of soil, based on haul distance and weather condition
Unit-IV Calculations of Operating capacity: estimating owning and operating cost; calculation of productivity of
bulldozer shovel, wheel Landers and dump truck.
Unit-V Safety norms of tractor & farm equipments: Safety Methods and attachment for earth moving
equipments. Precautions to avoid accidents. Life safeguarding equipments & accessories
EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

References:
1. John B. Llzedaw et-al; Tractors and their power units
2. Donald R. Hum and LGV Garner; Farm machinery and mechanism

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject code- AU-803(B) Subject: Reliability & Maintenance (Elective-III)

Semester: VII

Objectives:
To study the basic design principles and apply the principles to the design of various elements encountered in
Mechanical machines and structures.
Outcomes:
1. To determine the strength of the components
2. To determine the failure conditions and apply them to real life Problems
3. To design simple joints, fasteners, levers and springs.

Unit 1 Basic Concepts of Reliability: Probability distributions used in maintenance engineering-


Binomial, Poisson, Exponential, Normal, Log-normal, Gamma and Weibull distribution; failure rate,
hazard rate, failure modes, MTTR, MTBF, MTTF
Unit 2 System Reliability Models: System reliability–n-component series systems, m-component parallel
systems and combined system; standby systems; K-out-of-m systems; redundancy techniques in system
design; event space, decomposition (Key Stone), cut and tie sets, Markov analysis, reliability and quality,
unreliability, maintainability, availability
Unit 3 Maintenance Concepts and Strategies: Introduction, maintenance functions and objectives,
maintenance planning and scheduling, maintenance organization.
General Introduction to Maintenance Types: Breakdown, emergency, corrective, predictive, and
preventive; maintenance prevention; design-out maintenance, productive maintenance, shutdown
maintenance and scheduled maintenance.
Unit 4 Condition Based Maintenance: Principles of CBM, pillars of condition monitoring, CBM
implementation and benefits; condition monitoring techniques- visual monitoring, vibration monitoring,
wear debris monitoring, corrosion monitoring, performance monitoring
Unit 5 Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM):– Concept, methodology, benefits;
Total Productive Maintenance: Evolution of TPM, TPM objectives, concept, pillars of TPM.
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)/ Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA):
Overview, elements of FMECA, applications and benefits, risk evaluation, risk priority numbers,
criticality analysis, process FMEA, qualitative and quantitative approach to FMECA; design FMEA and
steps for carrying out design FMEA
EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

References:
1. Ebeling CE; an Introduction To Reliability & Maintainability Engg; TMH
2. Srinath L.S; Reliability Engineering; East West Press.
3. Naikan; Reliability Engg and life testing; PHI
4. Kapur KC and Lamberson LR; Reliability in Engineering Design; Wiley India
5. Telang AD and Telang A; Comprehensive Maintenance Management; PHI
6. Mishra R.C; Reliability and Maintenance Engineering; New age International publisher.
7. Balaguruswamy; Reliability Engg; TMH
8. Dhillon; Engg Maintainability- How to design for Reliability and easy maintenance; PHI
9. Davidson John; The Reliability of mechanical system; Institution of Mech. Engineers, London
10. Patrick D.T and O’Connor; Practical Reliability Engineering; John Wiley and Sons

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject code- AU-803(C) Subject: Microprocessor Application in Automobiles (Elective-III)

Semester: VII

Unit 1 Architecture: General 8 bit microprocessor and its architecture 8085, Z-80 and MC 6800 MPU
and its pin functions-Architecture-Functions of different sections. Instruction Set: Instruction format-
addressing modes-instruction set of 8085 MPU-T-STATE-Machine
Unit 2 Cycle and instruction cycles: Timing diagrams-Different machine cycles-Fetch and execute
operations-estimation of execution times. Assembly Language Programming: Construct of the language
programming-Assembly format of 8085-Assembly Directive-Multiple precision addition and subtraction-
BCD to Binary and Binary to BCD Multiplication, Division, Code conversion using look up tables-stack
and subroutines.
Unit 3 Data Transfer Schemes: Interrupt structure-Programmed I/O, DMA-Serial I/O. Interfacing
Devices: Types of interfacing devices-Input/output ports 8212, 8255, 8251, 8279. Octal latches and tristate
buffers-A/D and D/A converters-Switches, LED’s ROM and RAM interfacing.
Unit 4 Applications: Data acquisitions-Temperature control-Stepper motor control-Automotive
applications engine control, Suspension system control, Driver information systems.
Unit 5 Development of a high speed, high precision learning control systems for engine control.
EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

References:
1. Ramesh, Goankar.S. Microprocessor Architecture Programming and Applications, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
New Delhi, 1986.
2. Aditya .P. Mathur, Introduction to Microprocessors, III Edition Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co Ltd
New Delhi, 1989.
3. Ahson. S. I., Microprocessors with Applications in Process Control, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi,
1986. 4. SAE Transactions, 1986 Sec 3.
5. Jabez Dhinagfar .S. Microprocessor Applications in Automobiles.
6. L. Bianco and A. Labella., Automotive Micro Electronics, Elsevier science Publishers, 1986.

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject code- AU-804(A) Subject: Modern Vehicle Technology (Elective-IV)

Semester: VII

Unit 1 Trends in Automotive Power Plants: Hybrid Vehicles – Stratified charged / lean burn engines –
Hydrogen Engines-battery vehicles – Electric propulsion with cables – Magnetic track vehicles.
Unit 2 Suspension Brakes and Safety: Air suspension-Closed loop suspension-antiskid braking system,
Retarders, Regenerative braking safety cage. Air bags-crash resistance
Unit 3 Passenger comfort noise & Pollution: Reduction of noise – Internal & external pollution control
through alternate fuels/ power plants- filters for particular emission.
Unit 4 Vehicle Operation and Control: Computer Control for pollution and noise control and for fuel
economy-Transducers and operation of the vehicle like optimum speed and direction.
Unit 5 Vehicle Automated Tracks: Preparation and maintenance of proper road network-National
highway network with automated roads and vehicles-Satellite control of vehicle operation for safe and fast
travel.
EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject code- AU-804(B) Subject: Two & Three Wheelers (Elective-IV)

Semester: VII

Unit 1 Power Unit: Two stroke and four stroke SI engine, merits and demerits for tow & three wheelers.
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical port timing diagrams. Types of scavenging process merits and demerits,
scavenging efficiency. Scavenging pumps.
Unit 2 Rotary valve engine: Fuel system. Lubrication system. Magneto coil and battery coil spark ignition system.
Electronic Ignition system. Starting system. Kick starter system. Chassis and Sub-Systems: Mainframe, its types.
Chassis and shaft drive. Single, multiple plates and centrifugal clutches. Gear box and gear controls.
Unit 3 Front and rear suspension- systems: Shock absorbers. Panel meters and controls on handle bar. Brake and
Wheels: Drum brakes, Disc brakes, front and rear brake links layouts. Spoked wheel, Cast wheel. Disc wheel. Disc
types. Tyres & tubes.
Unit 4 Two Wheelers: Case study of major Indian models of motorcycles, SCOOTERS AND MOPEDS. Bajaj,
Vespa, Lambretta scooters. Enfield, TVS-Suzuki, Hero-Honda, Yamaha RX-100, Kawasaki Bajaj Motor cycle.
Kinetic Spark, Hero Majestic, TVS mopeds. Servicing and maintenance.
Unit 5 Three Wheelers: Case study of Indian Models. Front engine and rear engine. Auto rickshaws. Pickup van.
Delivery Van and Trailer.

EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

References:
1. Irving. P.E., Motor cycle Engineering, Temple Press Book, London, 1992
2. The Cycle Motor Manual, Temple Press Ltd., London, 1990.
3. Encyclopedia of Motorcycling, 20 volumes, Marshall Cavensih, New York and London, 1989.
4. Bryaut. R.V., Vespa Maintenance and Repair series.
5. Raymond Broad, Lambretta – A practical guide to maintenance and repair, 1987

Academic Session 2017-18


UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject code- AU-804(C) Subject: Tyre Technology (Elective-IV)

Semester: VII

Unit 1: Types of tyres, tyre components and its role, tread patterns, outline of production of tires, Requirements
and function of tyres - Major departments of a Tyre Industry – An explanation of their function and relation to other
departments. Factors influencing the performance of tyre: Compound design, degree of mixing: (open mill &
internal mixing), parameters (temperature, time, speed), degree of vulcanization - Testing and dispatch of mixes,
Basic quality control and mill room control Laboratory.
Unit 2: Fabrics of the Tyre Industry: Cotton, Rayon, Nylon & steel cords – manufacture, construction – styles and
presentations. Bonding methods – Fabric bonding necessities of stronger fabrics leading to bonding methods
developments. Wet & dry bonding systems – dip and hot stretch process for Nylon. REL-VP latex systems – and
parameters for dip & hot stretch process for Nylon. Modified surface treatment needed for polyesters & glass fabric
- Metal coating for steel cord. Recent developments in Radical Tyre fabrics – Aromatic Nylon (Kevlar) and other
special fabric reinforcement systems and their use - Testing of dipped fabrics ‘U’, ‘H’ and other tests. Dip pick up
and the relation to adhesion etc.
Unit 3: Calendering: Calendering process: 3 and 4 roll calenders. Skimming & frictioning process preparation of
bead wrapper and chaffer-on fabrics on 3 roll calenders. Topping process on calendar - Limitation of 3 roll
calenders and advantages of 4 roll calenders-process control aspects – economics - Relation between ends per inch
and calendering process. Inner, outer and breaker fabrics. Compound fabric ratios and compound design
consideration for different styles of fabrics - Defects of calendered fabrics and their remedies. Parameters for scrap
control in fabric 189 AM-Engg&Tech-SRM-2013 processes in the tyre industry requirement of total quality control
involving fabric supplier’s dipping, calendering and bias cutting operations. Economics of fabric usage.
Unit 4: Thread Extrusion and Bead Construction: Concepts of Extrusion. Die swell & shrinkage phenomenon –
effect of compounding parameters on this phenomenon. Die design and theoretical calculation of tread weight.
Effect of viscosity & temperature on extrusion. Dimensions and weight control extrusion operation parameters like
feeding rate, screw speed, take off conveyor speed on tread extrusion. Extruded tread profile – critical dimensions.
Duel extruder – Cap & base concept relation to tyre wear parameters like tread wear heat buildup etc. Cross head
extruder wire coating process - Bias cutting and pocket making: Bias angle specification and the significance
Horizontal and vertical laying of coated wore. Apex preparation on extruder and profile calendar Bead wrapping
and flipping operations. Single and double bead concept and preliminary calculation of bead safety factors. Width
and angle adjustments splicing and identification. Bias plies pocket 3-3-2 4-4-2 ply constructions Defects of pockets
wrong identification over splicing wrinkles, parallel plies etc.
Unit 5: Tyre building inputs: Inner liners, plies, beads, tread, side wall and gum strips – their inspection Drum
inspection for drumset, drum circumference Significance of parameters for tyre building. Size making on finished
tyre and the relation to building specifications. Tyre building specifications sequence of building. Intermittent
consolidation use of various cements and gum strips. Importance of the state of the Art Technology. Appraisal of
Tyre building as most crucial operation correlation of some of the cured tyre & service returned tyres to the lack of
building skill. Green tyre inspection procedures weight tolerance techno-commercial importance of green tyre
weight. Green tyre storage considerations. GREEN TYRE PREPARATION & CURING Internal and External
painting – Awling – Bagging in case of Air bag cure Bag-o- matic and Air bag curing – mold lubrication- Bladder
assembly bead curing rings – Dimension criticality Services to the Bag-o-matic presses Curing cycle – shaping –
HPS, and hot water circulation. Dome steam cold water & vacuum cycles. Determination of optimum cure of tyres
by thermocouple built tyres. Economics of curing post cure inflation of Nylon tyres cured tyre inspection. Defects
of tyres –

EVALUATION
Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of the class as well through external assessment.

Academic Session 2017-18


References:
1. Blow. C. M, Rubber Technology and Manufacture, Butterworth- Heinemann, London, 1982.
2. Maurice Morton, “Rubber Technology”, Springer, 3rd edition, 1987.
3. Claude Hepburn, “Rubber Technology and Manufacture”, Third Edition, 2005.
4. Kovac. F. J, “Tyre Technology”, Good Year Tire & Rubber Company, 1973. 5. Different tyre manufacturer’s
websites.

Academic Session 2017-18

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