Giardia duodenalis Affect Farmer’s Child Growth and

Development

1
Anita Margaret Wibisono and 2Yudha Nurdian
1
Student, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Indonesia
2
Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember, Indonesia
Corresponding: Anita M. W., anitamargaretw@gmail.com; 152010101131@students.unej.ac.id

Abstract
Background
Giardia duodenalis , also formerly known as Giardia intestinalis, Giardia lamblia,
and Lamblia duodenalis, is a flagellated protozoan responsible for intestinal
parasitosis, giardiasis (also called giardiosis or giardiasis), in the human, canine and feline
species. Giardias are anaerobic organisms, devoid of mitochondria, ensuring the oxidation of
organic compounds. Instead, they have a particular organelle, called a mitosome. It is
estimated that there are nearly 20 million children under the age of five worldwide are
severely malnourished which leaves them more vulnerable to illness and early death. Chronic
malnutrition and frequently seen infectious diseases, and other factors involve parasitic
infections as well as other environmental. 55.4% of the study population was infested by
intestinal parasites and G. duodenalis was the most common intestinal parasites. Stunting
reflects the outcome of a failure to receive adequate balanced nutrition over a long period of
time and is also affected by recurrent intestinal parasitosis and chronic illness. The data
indicate that intestinal parasitosis infestation has an adverse impact on child linear growth
and psychomotor development (Loewenson et al. 1986; Egger et al. 1990; Lengerich et al.
1994; Oberhelman et al. 1998; Stephenson et al. 2000; Sackey et al. 2003; Simsek et al.
2004). In this study this development delay was found higher. The proportion of the children
who had general development delay was 17.8% compared with 11.9% of non-farm workers’
children in the same region (Simsek et al. 2004). The high prevalence of intestinal
parasitosis, growth and development delay was related with living conditions. As previously
demonstrated by Simsek et al. intestinal parasitosis, especially G. duodenalis associated with
diarrhea and malabsorption syndrome, causes iron deficiency, anaemia and growth
retardation (Simsek et al. 2004). In conclusion, overall farmers children show higher levels of
suboptimal growth and development than other children living in the area.
Conclusion
This text explains that G. duodenalis affect farmer’s child growth and development because
giardiasis make farmers child become diarrhea and malabsorption syndrome, causes iron
deficiency, anaemia and growth retardation. Farmer’s children show higher levels of
suboptimal growth and development than other children living in the area.

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