1) FUEL INJECTION EQUIPMENT: The purpose is to supply right a moment of fuel, at right momen, to

divide fuel into fine spray and to provide even delivery of fuel in each cylinder. Fuel pump is actuated
by the camshaf. As the plunger continues to move upwards fuel is raised in pressureand expelled
through delivery valve to injector.

2) GOVERNOR: The function of the governor is to maintain the engine speed at the desired valve. It
does this bycontinually positioning the fuel pump racks to control the amount of fuel injected into
the cylinder per cycle. Most governors used on diesel engines.

3) LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM: The purpose is tp maintain oilfilm between piston rings and cylinder
wall, provide proper lubrication of camshaft valve gear, and to provide oil film between shafts and
bearing surfaces at main crank pin, wrist pin, thrust, bearings and all other bearings. Pressure and
temperature should be keept normal, oil must be purified regulary and changed when deteriorated
filters must be claned regulary.

4) WATER COOLING SYSTEM: The purpose of cooling is to enable the engine metals to retain their
mehanical properties. The usual coolant is fresh water, sea and sea water pumps are both of the
centrifuga type. They may be engine driven or they may be separately driven by electric motors.

5) STARTING AIR SYSTEM: Marine diesel engines are started by admitting compresed air to the
cylinders at the appropriate point in the cycle. The air is stored in receivers which are charged by
compressors. A pressure of about 28 bars is usual. Compressed air system are liable to contain a
certain amount of water which is a result of condensation in the process of compresionand cooling.

6) DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION: The preparations begin in theengine room an hour or more before
leaving. First, the cylinders and heads are warmed through by circulating hot water. The watch
engineer should check that the tanks are drained. Fuel oil pump and circulating water pump are
started, the engine must be tried on starting air, and so on...

7) KEEPING WATCH: The watch consists of an engineer officer in charge with one or more ratings.
Each member of the watch should have thorough knowledge of his duties. At the beginning of the
watch the engineer officer in charge should note if there are any specials orders or instuctions
relating to the operation of the main machinery or auxiliers. All records are important but a careful
watch should be kept on exhaust temperatures.

8) ENGINE ROOM LOG: Engine room log is used to keep notes of various parameters during the
watch, it is used to keep parameters of the main and auxiliary equpment. This may be a manual
operation or provided automatically on modern vessels by a data logger. Important column in the
engine room log is ithe hours and minutes, because ship passes through different time zones.

9) FIRE FIGHTING: Fire fighting at sea includes three distinct stages: detection clocating the fire,
alarm the rest of the ship, control ( bringing to bear the means of extuingishing the fire. Ifa fire is
detected quickly, it can be fought and brought under control with a minimum of damage. Smoke
detectors are most used for fire, detection.