Paragraph Class IX & X

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Director: Prasun Goswami Pinku
Environment Pollution
Our earth is the only planet known to have an environment conducive to life. But this
environment is exposed to pollution. The major types of pollution are air pollution,
water pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, soil pollution and light pollution.
The sources and causes of pollution mainly include industrial activities, dumping
solid waste, vehicles, rapid urbanisation and industrialisation, population
overgrowth, combustion of fossil fuels, and agricultural waste. Environment
pollution has negatively affected the life of both human beings and animals. It causes
the ecological imbalance, fatal diseases, global warming, species losses, and so on.
According to many scientists, we are now living in an era of mass extinction for
pollution. Attempts should be made to solve the problem of environment pollution. It
is heartening to find the entire world aware of the menace. Some of the advanced
countries have already taken some measures to address it. If we fail to restore the
ecological balance right now, it would be too late tomorrow.
Our National Flag

Every free nation boasts of its national flag which is the symbol of its sovereignty. As
a free nation, we also have our national flag which was adopted officially on 17
January 1972. It consists of a red disc on top of a green field. The red disc represents
the sun rising over our country, and also the blood of those who died for our
independence. The green field stands for the lushness of the land of our country. The
flag is rectangular in size in the proportion of 10:6. The red circle has a radius of
one-fifth of the length of the flag. The flag is based on a similar flag used during the
Liberation War of 1971, which had a yellow map of the country inside the red disc. In
1972 this map was removed from the flag. The national flag is flown on all working
days in important government offices and educational institutions. It is flown at half-
mast on the National Shaheed Day, now the International Mother Language Day, on
21 February and on the National Mourning Day on 15 August. It should be hoisted
with utmost respect and the rules mentioned in the Flag code of Bangladesh must be
followed.
Tree Plantation
Tree plantation means planting trees in large numbers. To plant trees is to give body
and life to one's dreams of a better world. No wonder trees are very important to us
in many ways. We cannot think of our existence without trees. Trees make up for a
great deal of our food deficiency by providing fruits and vitamins. They supply
timber for various uses. Trees prevent soil erosion. Many kinds of medicines are
prepared from the leaves, roots and barks of trees. Trees supply us with oxygen
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without which we cannot live. Above all, they help us to keep the ecological balance.
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Generally trees are planted in July and August. They can be planted on the roadsides
and in all educational institutions. Unfortunately, our trees and forests are not
sufficient in proportion to our total land area. To preserve our environment we
should plant more and more trees. The government should encourage tree plantation
through various mass media.
Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Dhaka Residential Model College Sabujbagh, Basabo PHONE 01676-182845
Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207 Dhaka-1214 E-MAIL prasun1977@yahoo.com
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Pahela Baishakh Celebration

Pahela Baishakh is the first day of the Bangla Year. The day is celebrated with
traditional festivities across the country. The day is a public holiday. In keeping with
the age-old tradition, traders and shopkeepers open ‘halkhata’ and offer sweets to
their customers and clients. Different socio-cultural organisations draw up elaborate
programmes to celebrate the day. The day's first programme begins at dawn at
Ramna Batamul. Chhayanat, a leading cultural organisation, organises the
programme. A large number of people, wearing traditional dresses, attend the
programme. Bangladesh Betar and Bangladesh Television air special programmes on
the occasion while national dailies bring out special supplements. The students and
teachers of the Institute of Fine Arts (IFA) of Dhaka University bring out a colourful
procession from the Institute premises around late morning. Wearing masks, they
carry festoons, placards, posters and banners to welcome the Bangla New Year.
Bangla Academy holds a cultural programme on its premises in the morning, in which
the leading artists of the country participate. Shilpakala Academy organises a
cultural function on the academy premises. Jatiya Press Club holds a cultural function
on the club premises at evening. Bulbul Lalitakala Academy, Liberation War Museum
and Bangladesh National Museum also organise cultural functions on the occasion.
The mood of festivity prevails from dawn till midnight on this important day.
Traffic Jam
Travelling in big cities and towns is rather a bitter experience for anyone because of
the growing volume of traffic. At times there is a situation in which vehicles cannot
move freely and traffic comes to a standstill. Such a situation is popularly known as
traffic jam, which causes a great deal of sufferings to its victims. It kills their
valuable time, exposes them to pollution and creates irritation among them. It is
most annoying when an ambulance carrying a dying patient is caught in it. It is also
unwelcome when a fire brigade vehicle is in a hurry to reach a spot. Main reasons
behind traffic jam are the deplorable street condition, slack traffic rules, the
corruption of the traffic police, the unruly behaviour of the drivers, and the pressure
of vehicles at the peak hour. The digging of roads for the development purpose also
contributes to the worsening of the traffic-jam situation. The solution to this problem
is a tough task but not an impossible one. The street condition should be improved
and traffic rules should be strictly imposed. Drivers should be penalised for reckless
driving and corrupt traffic policemen should be brought to book. A computerised
traffic-control system can go a long way to solve the problem of traffic jam. Another
pressing measure is coordination among different organisations responsible for
looking after the traffic control system. Regular commuters cannot accept traffic jam
in their routine life and resign to fate. Until and unless they get rid of traffic jam,
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they are bound to bear its adverse effects.
A Rickshaw-puller
A rickshaw-puller is a useful member of our society. He earns his living by pulling a
rickshaw. His service is in equal demand in cities, towns and villages. It is the
rickshaw-puller who takes us to those places where other means of transportation

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are not accessible. His life is one of hardship and misery. In our country those who
work hard suffer most. A rickshaw-puller is an example of this social rule. He lives in
a slum. There are some who do not have any roof overhead. He often spends his night
on platforms, in parks or on pavements. Sometimes he crawls up in his rickshaw and
spends his night in it. The average rickshaw-puller does not own his carriage. He
hires it on rent from the owner. That takes away much of his freedom because he has
to work in shifts, sometimes at noon and sometimes at night. He has fear of accident
and also of the police. He has no holidays. The day he does not work he must starve.
His labour is inhuman. He works in all weathers. The sun and the rain test their
strength on him. He suffers from serious diseases, but cannot go to a doctor.
Passengers, whom he carries on his rickshaw, think that they may be cheated by him
and so they haggle. This is very natural considering the fact that the rickshaw-
passengers themselves are not very rich. But the puller is among the most exploited
persons in our society. A rickshaw-puller is an active man. He is also very mobile. As
he carries people of various types and talks with them, he is a more informed man
than many of his own class. Rickshaws are slow, and there is no doubt that they
should be withdrawn. But a rickshaw-puller must be given an alternative means of
livelihood before that is done.
A Day Labourer
A day labourer is an unskilled worker hired and paid by the day. He is a ragged and
dirty man. He lives in a slum with his family. Getting up early, he quickly takes some
stale rice and leaves home for work. He usually goes to a marketplace where he
keeps waiting until someone hires him for some work. He does bone-breaking toil for
his employer from morning till evening. When he finishes his work, he gets his
wages. Then he buys food and returns home like a drooping fighter. He takes his
evening meal and goes to bed early out of tiredness. On a rainy day he does not often
get any work and so he cannot earn money. Then he starves, and so do the other
members of his family. Again, he seldom gets the right wages that he deserves for his
work. The result is the continuous story of his poverty and hardship. There is
virtually no moment of happiness in his life. His life is a true picture of privation and
deprivation. He cannot manage his family well. He cannot provide two square meals
for the members of his family, let alone other basic needs of life. He appears to be
engaged in an endless battle against all odds of life. Day labourers form an important
class of our society. We should understand the hard toil of a day labourer. We should
not be rough and cruel to him. We should deal with him considerately and
sympathetically.
The Life of a Farmer

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Being an agricultural country, Bangladesh is mostly inhabited by farmers. They are

the backbone of the nation. They mainly grow food crops, oil-seeds, vegetables, fruits
and cotton. They also produce some raw materials for our industries. Hence, they are
the life-blood of our nation. A farmer is busy day and night. He works in all
weathers. He ploughs the land. He sows the seeds. He keeps watch over the crops at
night. He guards the crops against the stray cattle. He guards the harvest against
thieves. He reaps the crops and carries them home. Bullocks are the precious

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possession of a farmer. He takes care of his bullocks. His wife and children help him
in his work. A farmer is poor. His poverty is well-known to the whole world. He
cannot get two full meals a day. He wears a piece of coarse cloth. He cannot give
education to his children. He cannot give fine dress to them. He cannot give
ornaments to his wife. His wife has to manage with a few pieces of coarse cloth. A
farmer is harassed by the village touts. He is harassed by the money-lenders and the
tax collectors. Hence, he cannot enjoy his own yield. A farmer does not possess a
suitable residence. He has no good house to live in. He lives in a thatched cottage. His
room is very small and dark. A farmer celebrates a social function in the simplest
manner possible. He celebrates a lot of festivals round the year. He celebrates the
wedding of his sons and daughters. He entertains his kith and kin as well as his
friends and neighbours. He goes to visit his relations. He attends the open-air dramas
and the folk-dances in his locality. The condition of a farmer should be improved. He
should be taught the modern method of farming. He should be made literate. So,
night-schools should be opened for him. He should be assisted in all possible ways by
the government because upon his well-being depends the welfare of our country.
A Winter Morning
Winter presents us with a rather cold and foggy morning. Really there is all-
pervasive fog on a winter morning. At times the fog is too dense for the sun to
penetrate. Visibility becomes very poor and things at a little distance can hardly be
seen. Nature looks gloomy and casts a shadow on every living thing. Bird chirping is
not heard and there is no sign of activity anywhere. An early riser gets bitten by cold
and wraps up warm. But a late riser finds a winter morning quite pleasant. He enjoys
the warmth of the blanket for a longer time than usual. The very first streak of light
on the eastern horizon creates a kind of romantic atmosphere. Dewdrops glisten in
the grass before drying up. Nature shakes off its gloomy look and infuses a new lease
of life into everything. A winter morning is a boon to those who live in plenty but a
curse to those who are poor. The poor do not have warm clothes to protect
themselves from cold. They are very often seen to make a fire and sit around it to
keep themselves warm. That is why they feel a great joy as soon as the sun is seen on
the eastern horizon. On a winter morning one can enjoy date juice and different
types of homemade cakes. These features are unique only to a winter morning and
make it different from any other morning.
My School Magazine
Every student has creative power but this power cannot develop for want of an
outlet. Therefore, my school publishes its own magazine to provide its students with
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an outlet for their creative power. The name of the magazine is “Sandipan”. It is
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generally brought out once in a year. It is organised by an editorial board. This

editorial board consists of a few teachers and the class-representatives for the
magazine. The cost of the magazine is met from the fees collected from the students
as magazine fees. If there is any deficit, it is made up from the school fund. The
magazine reflects the literary, educational and sports activities going on in the
school. It projects the important events celebrated in the school during the year. It
also contains news about the school. The students of the school are asked to submit

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their articles for the magazine. The editorial board sits to consider and select the
articles for publication. Some teachers also contribute articles to the magazine. The
articles are of different types, such as essay, poem, short story, one-act play,
criticism, comment, translation and puzzle. They are written either in Bengali or in
English. The magazine is very useful for the students. It serves several useful
purposes. The most important of all is that it fosters school patriotism. It helps the
students to understand that they are a united body, and teaches them to be proud of
their school. More to the point, it inspires the students to practise writing by giving
them an opportunity to see their names and articles in print. Above and beyond, the
students feel encouraged to perform well in the educational and sports activities to
be mentioned in the magazine. Thus, the magazine plays an important role in the
development of the latent talents of the students of the school.
A Street Beggar
Clad in rags, a street beggar can be seen everywhere begging in the name of God. In
ancient times a person took to begging only when he had been very hungry for days
together and had not been able to get hold of a job. Nowadays begging has become
almost a profession in our country. Wherever we go, a street beggar stares us in the
face. We cannot escape him. Like God Almighty, a street beggar seems to be
omnipresent. There are some street beggars who are able bodied. They can work to
earn their bread but they have taken to begging simply because it is very easy. They
at times get more money than many honest workers can earn. The street beggars
virtually loot money in the name of religion and God. They do not deserve pity. There
are other street beggars who are crippled. But it is no excuse for begging. A self-
respecting person — whether handicapped or not — always tries to stand on his own
feet. Of course, crippled people should be helped, but they should not be given alms.
Begging can in no way be justified. A street beggar, who is healthy but lazy, is very
clever and cunning. Some street beggars go about in saffron clothes, carrying bowls
in their hands. Some street beggars form singing parties and beg in the name of a
charitable institution. Some sit by the roadside and pretend to be blind or deaf. They
try to rouse the pity and sympathy of the passers-by. Most of such beggars are fit to
work and can earn their living on their own. Sometimes the street beggars even do
the great crime of kidnapping little children and later training them in the art of
begging. While giving alms to any street beggar, one should always keep in mind that
giving a little money or food will not end his poverty. If one wants to really end his
poverty, one should give him work instead. Charity may be given but it should not be
given without consideration. Misplaced charity is good neither for the one who
shows it nor for the one to whom it is shown. It rather encourages idleness and
inactivity. It produces parasites and wastes a sizeable amount of manpower.
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A Bus Stand
The regular stopping-place for a bus is known as a bus-stand. A bus stand presents a
very lively and interesting scene. There is always a lot of hustle and bustle. The
hawkers fill the place with their singsong voices to sell their goods. There are queues
of men, women and children eagerly waiting for a bus. The queues get longer and
longer every minute. The passengers wait patiently and discuss the burning issues of

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the day. Some women have babies in their arms and look tired. It is very difficult for
them to wait for a bus which sometimes takes hours to come. Children become
restless and trouble their parents to buy them something. A bus stand is a museum of
human faces coming from different strata of society. They are in their peculiar
dresses and speak different dialects. The scene changes all of a sudden with the
arrival of the bus. The queue often breaks and the passengers start hurry-scurrying
to get on the bus. The old and the women suffer most in this confusion. When a jam-
packed bus arrives, many passengers cannot get on it. The strong can board it while
the weak are left behind to wait till the next bus comes and picks them up. It
generally happens during rush-hours. In fact, a bus stand can be incredibly crowded
during morning or evening rush-hours. People are often required to go by bus in
order to save money. Since buses happen to be one of the cheapest modes of
transportation, a bus stand is an important place for many regular commuters like
low income-group employees, students and ordinary workers. When morning or
evening rush-hours are over, a bus stand does not remain crowded. Still a few buses
stop for some passengers to get on or off. In the late night when buses go out of
operation, a busstand takes a deserted look. It seems to be in a slumber in order to
get ready for another busy day.
Load Shedding
Load shedding has become part and parcel of our daily life. Electricity plays a very
important role in regulating modern life. So, any interruption in the supply of
electricity puts the whole system out of gear and paralyses our life. Load shedding
occurs when the generation of power is less than the demand. And it creates
problems of far-reaching consequences in the economic and social development of
the country. Mills and factories become idle and industrial production declines.
Social order suffers a great damage. Domestic life becomes a painful ordeal. Students
suffer in their study and housewives grope in the dark. In tall buildings people get
trapped in lifts and gasp for fresh air. Water pumping system fails and there is no
water in tanks. People return home after a day's hard work only to enter a dark den.
The entire life — domestic and industrial — comes to a standstill. The problem of
load-shedding has assumed such a proportion that something must be done to stop
this rot; otherwise the whole country is going to face a great calamity. The main
reasons behind load-shedding are age-old plant and machinery and poor
maintenance. Ineffective administration is making the problem still more acute.
Much has been said about the solution to the problem but no effective measure has
yet been taken. But we cannot accept load-shedding in our routine life and resign to
fate. We cannot put back the arms of the clock of progress. Until and unless we can
get rid of load-shedding our future is really gloomy.
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My Visit to a Book Fair

Arranging a book fair is quite a recent tradition. It is a large-scale exhibition of books
on various subjects. Unlike any other fair, it caters to our intellectual yearning. The
other day I went to visit a book fair along with two of my friends. The fair was
organised by Bangla Academy on its premises. When we reached the fair, we saw
thousands of people queuing up in a disciplined manner and pouring into it.

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Publishers and booksellers from all over the country took part in it. It was a rare
opportunity for us to assess the advancement made in the publication of books in our
country. Hundreds of stalls were set up and all sorts of books were displayed. They
mainly included fictions, textbooks, children's books, books on general study, and
reference books. Each stall was unique in artistic design and drew a huge crowd. We
paid a visit to almost every stall. We were simply absorbed in turning the pages of
the books and felt like buying all of them. But limitations of our pockets did not
permit that. After careful selection we bought a few ones. The entire area wore a
festive look. The visitors were moving about merrily with small packs of books in
their hands. There were arrangements for light refreshment at the fair. Food and
drinks were served from many stalls where the tired visitors halted for a rest. When
we came to the end of our visit to the fair, we also stopped at a stall and had snacks
and drinks. Then we left the fair with a happy experience worth recollection and
sharing. Unquestionably, a book fair is now a popular affair that helps to interest the
general mass in books and form their reading habit.
A Street Hawker
A street hawker adds colour and variety to both village life and city life. He is usually
a seller, but he can also be either a buyer or a repairman. As we generally know him
as a seller, we tend to describe him as such. A street hawker brings the market to our
doorsteps. He brings sweetmeats for children, utensils for housewives, and knick-
knacks for all. He infests every street, lane and by-lane. Children and women like
him very much. He does not like elderly men because they hardly buy anything from
him. Various articles that he sells are carried either in a box or on a pushcart. At
times he stitches his articles with a rope and hangs them around his shoulders. He
declares his articles one by one as he peddles in a singsong manner. He has his
individual drawl and musical intonation, which are very funny and amusing. He
exaggerates the quality of his articles in rhymed words. He is clever enough to cheat
others, but he can never be cheated. He knows well the art of advertising his goods.
He gives them out as the best in the world. He knows how to win the hearts of his
customers. His manners simply enchant them. He does not always make a very high
profit out of his business. A street hawker belongs to the poor class of society. He
earns his livelihood by means of hard work. He has to go on his duty in all weathers;
otherwise it becomes very difficult for him to support his family. So, a street hawker
is certainly a poor man, but he should not be ignored. We should rather encourage
him as he is a petty businessman.
My Favourite Pastime
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My pastime is reading. I read story books, magazines, newspapers and any kind of
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material that I find interesting. This pastime got started when I was a little boy. I
had always wanted my parents to read fairy tales and other stories to me. Soon they
got fed up and tired of having to read to me continually. So as soon as I could, I
learnt to read. I started with simple ABC books. Soon I could read simple fairy tales
and other stories. Now I read just about anything that is available. Reading enables
me to learn about so many things that I would otherwise not know. I learned about
how people lived in bygone days of magic and mystery. I learned about the wonders

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of the world, space travel, human achievements, gigantic whales, tiny viruses and
other fascinating things of our world. The wonderful thing about reading is that I do
not have to learn things the hard way. For example, I do not have to catch a disease
to know that it can kill me. I know the danger so I can avoid it. Also I do not have to
go deep into the jungle to learn about the tiger. I can read all about it in a book.
Books provide the reader with so much information and facts. They have certainly
helped me in my daily life. I am better equipped to cope with living. Otherwise I
would go about ignorantly learning things the hard way. So I continue to read.
Besides being more informed about the world, I also spend my time profitably. It is
indeed a good pastime.
The International Mother Language Day

21 February is a memorable day in our national history. We observe the day every
year as the International Mother Language Day. The day is a national holiday. On this
day, we pay tribute to the martyrs who laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a
state language in undivided pakistan in 1952. It is known as the Language Movement.
The seed of the Language Movement was sown on 21 March 1948 when Mohammad
Ali Zinnah, the then Governor General of Pakistan, at a public meeting in Dhaka
declared that Urdu would be the only state language of Pakistan. The declaration
raised a storm of protest in the eastern part of the country. The protest continued
non-stop, gathering momentum day by day. It turned into a movement and reached
its climax in 1952. The government outlawed all sorts of public meetings and rallies
to stop it. The students of Dhaka University defied the law and they brought out
peaceful protest processions on 21 February 1952. When the processions reached
near Dhaka Medical College, the police opened fire on the students, killing Salam,
Rafiq, Barkat, Safiur and Jabbar. As a result, there were mass protests all over the
country and the government had to declare Bengali a state language. 21 February has
been observed as Shaheed Dibosh every year throughout the country in remembrance
of the martyrs of language movement of 1952. The occasion begins at the early hours
of the day with mourning songs that recall the supreme sacrifices of our language
martyrs. People wear black badges and go to the Shaheed Minar barefoot in
procession, singing mourning songs. They place wreaths at the Minar. On 17
November in 1999 the UNESCO proclaimed February 21 as the International Mother
Language Day in recognition of the sacrifices of the martyrs for the rightful place of
Bangla. The day is now annually observed worldwide to promote awareness of
linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.
The Uses and Abuses of the Internet

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The world today is very different from that of twenty years ago. This difference is
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largely due to the Internet. The Internet is a true wonder of the modem age. Today it
has grown to become a major means of communication. Websites and emails that
were unheard of just two decades ago are quickly gaining in popularity and usage.
Via a computer, a person can access the Internet and the numerous websites in it.
There are websites on just about anything anyone can think of. Information, files,
photographs, video clips, computer software, games etc can often be obtained free or
for a fee from some websites. Online shopping, banking and other services make it a

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cinch for an ordinary person to perform regular chores from the comfort of home or
office. A very popular feature of the Internet is the use of email. Using email, persons
at any part of the world can communicate with one another in an instant. The cost of
sending an email is almost nothing. On top of that, files and pictures can be attached
and sent together with the email. Despite its obvious usefulness, negative things are
also present on the Internet. Viruses, worms, Trojan horses and other harmful
programs wait to strike at the unwary user. Accessing the Internet without the
protection of an anti-virus program or firewall is a sure way of getting infected. The
result of infection varies from a simple obscene message on the screen to the
complete erasure of the files and records in the computer. Then there are sites that
promote pornography, anarchy, terrorism, Satanism, black magic and other threats
to the well-being of our world. Using the Internet is no different from dealing with
our daily living in the physical world. We sue it but we take precautions to avoid the
obvious dangers and negative elements in it.
Duties of a Good Citizen

A person who is aware of his rights and duties to his society is a good citizen. A good
citizen does his best to perform his duties to his society. He always keeps in view the
interest of his state and society. He lives a clean, honest and truthful life. He remains
away from such activities as may harm the interest of his fellow citizens. He lives not
only for himself but also for others. He pays his taxes and takes interest in the affairs
of his state. A good citizen must be ready to sacrifice his everything for the sake of
his country. He should have firm and deep faith in the welfare of his country. He is
law-abiding and helps the authorities in this regard. A good citizen cares for the good
of his city, town or neighbourhood. He keeps his surroundings clean and beautiful.
He must co-operate with his fellow citizens and neighbours. He must be ready to
extend his helping hand to everyone and anyone in times of need. A good citizen must
respect the cultural heritage of his country. He must respect the heroes of his
country. He must keep in mind the future of his country. He must be ready for the
defence of the frontiers of his country. He must leave no stone unturned for the
prosperity and integrity of his motherland.
Tourism
Tourism is the activity of visiting other places for the purposes of seeing the sights
and being entertained. Tourism is a very popular leisure activity, with some people
traveling to the other side of the world for tourism purposes. The tourism industry is
an industry that arranges tourists’ visits to the places of interest. Last year the
tourism industry was calculated to have contributed nearly 7.2 trillion dollars to the
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world’s economy. Some of the most popular tourist destinations in the world include
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the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Taj Mahal in India and the Machu Picchu trail in South
America. Some people like to combine their business trips with a little tourism.
Taking time out from a business trip to a foreign land to see the local sights is a great
way to let off steam. There are different branches of tourism. Ecotourism, for
example, is about visiting areas of natural beauty in an environment-friendly way.
Meanwhile, adventure tourism might involve rock climbing or white water rafting.

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The Importance of Learning English

English is considered to be the most common and important language of the world
today. It is now called the lingua franca of the world. A great number of people
understand and use English in every part of the world. In fact, it is the most useful
language. Hence, we cannot deny the importance of learning English in the present
context of coexisting in the world. Being good at English, we can travel to any place
or any country we like. We will not find it hard to make others understand what we
wish to say. English also helps us to learn all kinds of subjects. Hundreds of books
are written in English every day in every country to teach people useful things.
English has therefore helped to spread information and knowledge to every corner of
the world. There is no subject that cannot be learnt in English. As English is widely
used everywhere in the world, it has helped to make all the countries of the world
become friendlier with one another. The leaders of the world use English to
understand one another. English has therefore spread better understanding and
friendship among all the countries of the world. Moreover, one can get ahead in one’s
career when one learns English. If anyone wants to work in a multinational company
within his home country or wants to work abroad, he should consider learning
English. To be precise, learning English is the key to everything that is required to
thrive and flourish in this modern world.
My Favourite Personality
My favourite personality is none other than my mother. It is rightly said, “God could
not be everywhere, so He created mothers.” Of all the persons in the world, my
mother loves me most. Her love for me is like nothing else in the world. It knows no
law or pity. It dares all things and crushes down remorselessly all that stands in its
path. I also love her from the core of my heart. To me she is like a living goddess who
takes every care of me. She understands what I do not say. Her arms are made of
tenderness and I sleep soundly in them. When I fall sick, she spends sleepless nights
by my sick-bed. When I come first in my class examination, she becomes perhaps the
happiest person on earth. From my childhood I have been greatly influenced by my
mother. She has always guided me in the right path in every step of my life. She has
taught me discipline, manners, and the sense of duty towards others in the family
and in the society. I remember that she used to relate to me many oriental and
mythological tales when I was a child and did not know how to read and write. She
has taught me to love my country and my countrymen. She assists me everyday in
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preparing my homework given by the teachers. My mother is an ideal woman in my

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life. I love my mother as the trees love water and sunshine - she helps me grow,
prosper, and reach great heights. I feel fortunate to be born as her son. She is very
anxious about my health, my education, and my prosperity. I feel that there is no
other person nearest to the heart than a mother in this world. I need my mother as
the trees need water and sunshine – she helps me grow, prosper, and reach great
heights.

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A Street Accident
I often express my opinion that travelling in Dhaka is rather a dangerous business
because of the growing volume of traffic. My belief was confirmed by what I saw
yesterday morning. I was returning from market at about 9:30 a.m. when an accident
occurred to a passenger travelling on a Gulistan-bound bus. It happened like this. As
soon as the bus picked up speed I saw a middle-aged man suddenly flung from the
bus at a terrific rate. The next thing I saw was a pool of blood on the pavement. I
rushed to the spot. There I found the man lying unconscious, with his head bleeding
profusely. I think he must have lost his grip on the handle. Soon a large number of
people gathered round the man, all looking anxiously at him but no one doing
anything. I suggested that he should be removed to a nearby hospital for treatment,
but as no one made any move, I personally called a taxi and placed the man inside.
An elderly gentleman then offered to accompany him to hospital. Meanwhile, the bus
was stopped, and the conductor was abused by the passengers and the crowd. At one
time I thought that he would be manhandled. But we have very little time for
compassion for our fellow men. After making a show of sympathy the passengers
started shouting at the driver to get the bus going, so that they might not be late for
work. The last words that I heard from one of them was, ‘Leave the fellow to his fate;
it will teach him to take more care next time’! These words are indeed a sad
commentary on our selfishness and our lack of feeling for others. This incident has
left a very painful impression on my mind.
A Tea Stall
What sight is more common in our country than a tea stall that we come to see here,
there and everywhere? Almost every tea stall offers a similar look with a stove, a
kettle and a few benches and tables. Prepared tea is commonly sold and served here
along with some light refreshment. A tea stall, as such, is a place of immense public
interest. It is, as it were, the parliament of the common people. In the bygone days,
people used to gather at a tea stall in the morning and in the evening, especially in
winter. Now, be it summer or winter, a tea stall remains crowded alike. It is
frequented by people from a variety of social strata. It is seen in a tea stall that a
kettle is always kept hot on a stove. There is often a boy or two in the stall to serve
tea to the customers. The manager sits behind the cashbox and collects money from
the customers. A tea stall opens early in the morning and closes late at night. Those
who are bored with daily chores seek leisure in a social get-together at a tea stall.
They take tea and talk on various issues – political, national and international, and at
times they raise a storm in a teacup. There are also some tea-lovers who are in the
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habit of drinking tea in a tea-stall environment. To them the gathering at a tea stall
is more attractive than the tea. There is no denying the fact that the tea drunk at
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home is different from, or even better than, the tea drunk at a tea stall, but the latter
seems to have a special taste. As far as the price is concerned, there may be no
difference between the tea drunk at a tea stall and that drunk at home, but the value
is.

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An Ideal Student
An ideal student stands for all that is good and noble. He has qualities of head and
heart which endear him to all. The parents and the teachers love him. His class-
mates admire him and try to emulate him. An ideal student has a good personality.
He never neglects his physical development and for this he takes regular exercise. He
is not a book-worm. He studies while it is time to study. He goes to the playground
and takes an active part in the games. This keeps him fit. An ideal student is an early
riser. He gets up early in the morning. He takes exercise in the open air. He bathes
daily. He prays to God. He takes a balanced diet. He avoids taking too much of food.
He follows the rules of health and personal hygiene. An ideal student is very honest.
He is intelligent. He has very pleasing manners. He respects his elders. He never
talks disrespectfully of his teachers but seeks their guidance in whatever he does. He
loves his friends. An ideal student is always good at his studies. He prepares his
lessons well. He helps his classmates in their studies. He tries to gather as much
knowledge as possible. He is regular and punctual at school. An ideal student form
good habits. He is truthful. He never deceives others. He never does anything which
might degrade him in the eyes of others. He has perfect control over himself. He is
never a slave to his senses. He avoids temptations and follows the path of duty. An
ideal student takes an active part in all the extra-curricular activities of the school.
There is not an item in the school programme in which he does not take an interest.
He is a good speaker. He takes an active part in the school debates and declamation
contests. An ideal student is a good organiser. He arranges matches. He captains his
team. He organises picnics and outings. There too he is the moving spirit. He
commands influence over all. His classmates look upon him as their leader. The
teachers seek his help in their routine class work. An ideal student never loses his
temper. He is never angry with other. He has a smile on his face. He gets his work
done by others through love and friendship. He is thoroughly responsible for all that
he does.
Early Rising
'Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise' – this is an
age-old saying. It has stood the test of time. Even in this modern world of hurry and
worry, this saying has retained its relevance. Early rising is good for health and there
is no doubt about it. Early rising is insisted upon in many religions. According to
those religions, early dawn is the most auspicious time for one to rise and meditate.
This is an act which refreshes both the mind and the body. Rising early, one can go
for a walk. Greenery will have a soothing effect not only on the eyes but also on the
mind. Doctors advise taking a morning walk as a remedy for many an ailment. Taking
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a morning walk, one really feels fresh and well prepared to meet the challenges of a
new day. Early rising is also good for one's mind. Early morning hours are the best
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time to study as one's mind becomes ready to act after a restful sleep. One's
retention power is also at its peak at this time. To acquire knowledge and become a
wise man, one should cultivate the habit of early rising. Early rising makes one
wealthy and prosperous too. It is said that the early bird catches the worm. This
means that those who wake up and get to work early will succeed. An early riser has
an alert mind which does not let go any opportunity. He puts his best into every

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endeavour and comes off with flying colours. Thus, early rising is advantageous in
many ways. The modern trend is to sit up late and get up late. But this is not a
healthy habit.
An Ideal Teacher /A Good Teacher

An ideal teacher / A good teacher is like a candle which consumes itself to light the
way for others. Everybody holds him in high estimation. A teacher becomes an ideal
one by dint of devotion and dedication to his profession. He leaves a profound
influence on the intellectual and moral character of his students by his knowledge,
character, and day-to-day life. Such a teacher is Mr AKC, our English teacher. He is
my favourite teacher. He is a man of great personality with a profound knowledge of
his subject. His presence in the classroom enchants all his students. Each student in
the classroom listens to his lecture with rapt attention. He presents any lesson to his
students in an interesting and understandable way. Even the backbenchers among
the students find it easy to understand. The students do not need to work hard at
anything that he teaches in the classroom. It appears that he is gifted with the art of
teaching. Outside the classroom, he encourages his students to take part in
extracurricular activities and social services. He has a unique organising capability
that binds his students together in any academic or social activities. He sets himself
as an example for his students to follow through his selfless social services. The
students cannot but look upon him as their guide, philosopher and friend. He is
therefore inspirational for his students to tread on the path of progress. Not that he
is free from all human follies. Sometimes he appears to be choleric when anything
goes wrong. This folly apart, he is a teacher with a difference: he can easily find his
place in each student’s heart.
My School Library
Today education is no longer a system of cramming and filling a student’s mind with
information. It is now rather a process of self-discovery encouraging him to learn on
his own. It is said that what is taught is not caught but what is read remains. In this
context a school library has a significant role to play in the present-day educational
system. So, a school without a library is quite unthinkable these days. It must have
books on various subjects, newspapers, journals and magazines. My school also has a
big library. It is housed in a big hall. There are many almirahs in it. Each almirah has
books on one subject only. There is a card for every book. Books are arranged
according to their numbers. Every student applies for a card and gets it. The librarian
issues books against the card. No student can keep a book for more than fourteen
days. Defaulters are fined. On one side of the library hall there are long tables and
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benches. The students sit there and read books, newspapers, journals and magazines.
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Some students are seen taking down notes. Nobody is permitted to talk in the library
and disturb others. Every class has one library period once a week. The students go
to the library in that period and study. The library also has reference and text books.
They are meant for studying in the library only. The calm and quiet atmosphere of
the library helps the students to work attentively. The school librarian is a trained
and qualified person. He is also well-experienced. He gives advice to the students on
the choice of books. He is an expert in his work. He understands his duty well and is

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of great help to the students. We find him busy all the time. He advises the students
not to spoil books by scribbling in them or tearing off the pages. I have made it a
point to visit the school library at least once a day. Whenever I enter the library,
words that come to my mind are: “Away from a noise and bustle, \ Just take me \ To
the quiet sanctity \ Of the library.”
A Picnic I Have Enjoyed

A picnic removes monotony from our life by giving us a break from our daily work. It
was July when we, some bosom friends, arranged a picnic. We chose a spot on the
outskirts of the city where a historical monument stood elegantly on the bank of a
river. The day was pleasant. Clouds were playing hide and seek. A cool breeze was
blowing. There was no need to be afraid of the vagaries of nature. Packing our
necessaries and foodstuffs, we reached the chosen spot. We prepared tea on our mini
gas-stove and enjoyed the sips with tasty snacks. After that we went to the riverside
for a little walk. The sounding tree branches, twittering and chirping birds, green
and velvety grasses enthralled us. Nature looked her best. We came back and
stretched ourselves on the carpets for a while. After resting for a while, we went
around the historical monument. We left behind two friends to prepare lunch. We
roamed in the beautiful gardens bedecked with flowers and trees. We came back,
took our bathing-kit and had our bath in the river. Some of my friends enjoyed
swimming in the river. We started feeling very hungry. We attacked the lunch and
had it to our heart’s content. A shot nap followed. We woke up and it was about 4
pm. We sipped mango juice and felt all energetic. Grey clouds had turned jet black.
We packed our belongings and placed them in our vehicle. We started for home
talking, laughing and gossiping. We enjoyed the picnic greatly. Hats off to that man
who first thought of a break from the daily monotonous routine.
A Railway Station
Rabindranath says in one of his later poems that the railway station shows that this
world is the handiwork of a painter, and not that of a blacksmith or artisan. A
railway station is one of the features of modern civilisation. It is a place which helps
railway passengers to get on or off a train. Every railway station is provided with a
time-chart for the arrival and departure of trains. It has its staff including the
station-master. The porters help passengers with their luggage. Railway stations
differ in size and importance. If anyone waits on a platform of a railway station for
some time, he will experience many strange events and interesting scenes happening
before his eyes like a movie. Usually the atmosphere is quiet and even sleepy when
trains are off. But with the arrival of a train the station suddenly bursts into life.
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Passengers walk about, porters hurry forward carrying loads of luggage, and
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hawkers shout their wares in various tunes. The ticket-checkers and the guards
become busy doing their functions. And then the train leaves, and the station again
becomes quiet. A railway station exercises a strange fascination on all of us. Children
gaze with wide-eyed wonder as a railway engine puffs its way into the station as did
Apu and Durga in 'Pather Panchali'. Grown-up people, particularly in the country-
side, gather on the platform to greet the incoming passengers or see off the outgoing
passengers. It is great fun to visit a railway station where one can have a sight of the

PGP ENGLISH HOME
multitude of men and women that crowd the platform. Some alight from the train
and others get into it for a journey. What a busy scene it is and what a rich variety is
offered to our sight!
Air Pollution
The World Health Organization has defined air pollution as “the presence of
materials in the air in such concentration as is harmful to man and his environment.”
Humans are today exposed to air pollution of all kinds. They are thus affected by the
harmful effects of pollutants in the air they breathe. There are many causes of air
pollution. One of the major causes of air pollution is vehicular traffic. Vehicles are
run on fuel and the combustion of fuel leads to the exhaust of poisonous compounds.
The compounds include hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and sulfur
dioxide. Factories also contribute to air pollution. The smoke generated by factories
is let out into the air. Thus it pollutes the air that we breathe. Similarly, the burning
of fossil fuels, farm wastes and daily garbage leads to harmful smoke that
contaminates air. Construction activity also creates particulate matter that pollutes
air. Today we are witnessing high levels of air pollution that affect the health of man
and other creatures. People around the world are suffering from respiratory and
cardiac problems, and various other diseases are affecting other organs of the body.
Air pollution also causes cancer. Millions of people around the world die each year
due to air pollution. The gases that cause air pollution are also called the greenhouse
gases which have caused global warming and climate change that affect the earth and
its ecology.
Deforestation
Deforestation is the clearing of forests to satisfy various human needs. These needs
largely include the need to expand the agricultural land, increase the number of
residential colonies, set up new industries and derive various products from trees
and plants. While man is indulging in deforestation to meet the demands of the
growing population and to make life comfortable, this process is having several ill
effects on our environment. Deforestation has disrupted the water cycle as well as
the carbon cycle and thus been attributed to climate change which in turn is causing
numerous problems for humans as well as animals. Plants and trees inhale carbon
dioxide and release oxygen which is one of the essentials for the human survival.
Trees also absorb other harmful gases from the atmosphere thus making it cleaner.
Deforestation is leading to the loss of vast number of trees which in turn is leading to
an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other poisonous gases in the
atmosphere. This has contributed a great deal to global warming. Forests also play a
significant role in managing the water cycle. Continuous felling of forests is leading
to disruption in the water cycle which is leading to erratic rainfalls in different
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regions. Deforestation is also causing the environmental imbalance by affecting the

biodiversity adversely. Forests serve as safe habitats for a large species of flora and
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fauna. Clearing away the forest lands is damaging the habitat of these innocent
creatures. Several species of animals and plants are dying each day due to the loss of
habitat and lack of food. Our planet needs to sustain rich biodiversity in order to
strike the environmental balance. Deforestation is thus creating an imbalance in the
environment. Hence, we see that there is a tremendous need to save our forests.
Deforestation has led us to the verge of destruction. If we do not stop it now we will
be destroying our environment further and it will be difficult for us to survive.

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Director: Prasun Goswami Pinku

Our National Flag

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Pahela Baishakh Celebration

they are bound to bear its adverse effects.

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

The Life of a Farmer

Being an agricultural country, Bangladesh is mostly inhabited by farmers. They are

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

generally brought out once in a year. It is organised by an editorial board. This

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

My Visit to a Book Fair

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

The International Mother Language Day

The Uses and Abuses of the Internet

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Duties of a Good Citizen

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

The Importance of Learning English

preparing my homework given by the teachers. My mother is an ideal woman in my

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

An Ideal Teacher /A Good Teacher

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

A Picnic I Have Enjoyed

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

regions. Deforestation is also causing the environmental imbalance by affecting the

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

Assistant Professor of English 58/3/F Kadamtala, Ground Floor (North-west)

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