Research Problem

“To determine how Insomnia Affects our health “

Research Objectives (Minimum 1)

1. .To find factors associated with self reported need for treatment
2. To identify scope of sample population
3. To identify prevalence of insomnia symptoms in the population

Links of 5 or more research papers (Minimum 5)

Paper 1: https://openarchive.ki.se/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10616/46445/
Thesis_Christina_Sandlund.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Paper 2:

Paper 3:

Paper 4: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert_Baran4/publication/
24202660_Association_of_insomnia_with_quality_of_life_work_productivity_a
nd_activity_impairment/links/541071770cf2df04e75d5c71.pdf

Summary of Reference Research Papers

Paper 1 ( ROLl no 52)
Reference Paper Title - INSOMNIA: TREATMENT NEEDS,
EFFECTIVENESS, AND EXPERIENCES

Impact Factor – ISBN : 978-91-7831-094-4

Author/s - Christina Sandlund
 Summary
This research paper was included as a part of our study to
determine how Insomnia Affects Our Health.The aims of this study
was to investigate the need for treatment for sleep difficulties in the
general population (study I), evaluate whether a nurse-led group
treatment for insomnia is more effective than treatment as usual in
improving insomnia in PHC (studies II and III), and to explore
patients' experiences of the group treatment (study IV).
Study-I was by means of a telephonic survey where in factors
associated with people reporting self associated need for treatment
for lack of sleep was investigated, i.e a sample of 1115 people were
randomly selected.
Study-II & III was carried put by means of a controlled and
randomized trial that hopes to establish the effect of group
treatment on insomnia
Study-IV was carried by means of focus group interviews where
patients experience of the group treatment were recorded and
analyzed with qualitative content analysis

FINDINGS
1) Study I showed that 12.5% of the general population reported a
need for treatment for sleep difficulties.
2) Study II showed that the nurse-led group treatment for
insomnia was more effective than treatment as usual in reducing
insomnia severity, improving sleep, and reducing patients' use of
hypnotics
3) Study III showed that the group treatment was more effective
than treatment as usual in improving the daytime symptomatology
of insomnia
4) In study IV, the qualitative analysis revealed four themes that
described patients' experiences: involvement and trust open the
door for change, competence arising from deeper understanding,
struggling with vulnerability and failure, and tailoring treatment to
individual needs.
5)Nurse-led group treatment can effectively improve insomnia, is
feasible to implement in routine PHC, and has the potential to
increase patients’ access to recommended first-line treatment
(CBT-I).

Paper 2 ( ROLL NO 36)

Reference Paper Title - Prevalence of insomnia symptoms in a

general population sample of young children and
preadolescents: gender effects

Impact Factor –
Author/s - Susan L. Calhoun, Julio Fernandez-Mendoza,
Alexandro N. Vgontaz, Duanping Liao, Edward O. Bixler
Summary
[Susan L. Calhoun, et-al, 2013] has tried to identify the prevalence
of insomnia symptoms and its sleep risk factors in the population
sample for young children and pre-adolescents. They have
supported the analysis with the result of cross-sectional study of
700 children between the ages of 5-12 using methods such as
sampling, laboratory measurements, rating scales and data
analysis. These children underwent a 9-h PSG and the parents
were asked to follow up by filling various questionnaires. The data
was then analyzed and the insomnia symptoms were then defined
as difficulty in falling or staying asleep and sleep disordered
breathing (SDB). The study found that the insomnia symptoms
were 19.3%. And while the symptoms were fairly similar for
different age groups, girls between the ages of 11-12 years had
the highest percentage of the symptoms but the same was not true
for boys of the same ages. It was also deduced that the people
with insomniac symptoms were more prone to symptoms of
anxiety and depression. This study concludes that every 1 in 5
children have insomniac symptoms which are more prevalent in
girls between 11-12 years of age which is more possibly due to
hormonal imbalances rather than anxiety and depression.
Paper 3 ( ROLL NO 15)
Reference Paper Title - Insomnia in Adults and Children
Author: Helen Driver PhD Raymond Gottschalk MBChB,
FRCPC, FCCP, Mohamed Hussain MBBCh, CCFP, FCFP
Charles M. Morin PhD Colin Shapiro MBBCh, PhD,
MRCPsych, FRCPC Louis van Zyl MBChB, M.Med., FRCPC,
FCPA, FAPM
Impact Factor –
Summary
The Authors in the Research Paper have done an In depth
analysis of insomnia covering various topics such as What is
Insomnia? Non restorative sleep, consequences in children and
adult. It tell us about normal sleep physiology and gives us
medical causes for insomnia and also tells us how we can
measure insomnia, fatigue, sleepiness and non restorative sleep. It
further explains to us the sleep disorders that cause insomnia. The
impact of insomnia is far reaching and may affect both physical
and emotional health as well as intellectual capacity. The field of
sleep medicine is relatively young but there have been significant
strides in the field. Understanding the potential causes of sleep
disruption and the range of possible solutions will allow many to
overcome the difficulty of disrupted sleep. Insomnia may be a
result of another medical or psychiatric condition. It also gives us
real life examples about real people and sleep related problems
they face. It also shows that there are a wide range of treatments
that can be helpful. It is a truism that “not one shoe fits all”, i.e.,
different people are likely to respond to different treatments. Even
with a particular treatment one may find that one gets on well with
one therapist more than another or that for some people a dose of
a particular medication is helpful whereas another person may
need a different dose of the same drug. Sleep difficulties can
profoundly impact the quality of a person’s life and the ability to
function. One in 10 teenagers between 13–16 years suffers from
insomnia and more than half of them have a co-morbid psychiatric
condition. Many factors may contribute to a teenager developing
insomnia. These include stress, genetic predisposition, underlying
medical or psychiatric conditions, and poor sleep hygiene.
 Paper 4 (Roll no 16)
Reference Paper Title -Association of insomnia with quality of
life, work productivity, and activity impairment

Impact Factor –
Author/s - Susan C. Bolge Æ Justin F. Doan Æ Hema Kannan Æ
Robert W. Baran

Summary
Purpose To assess the association of insomnia with health-related
quality of life (HRQOL), work productivity, and activity impairment.
Methods Data were obtained from the 2005 US National Health and
Wellness Survey. Subjects were assigned to the insomnia group
(diagnosed insomnia experienced at least a few times a month) or the
noninsomnia group (no insomnia or sleep symptoms). HRQOL was
assessed using the short form 8 (SF-8) (mental and physical scores).
The work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire (WPAI)
assessed absenteeism (work time missed), presenteeism (impairment
at work), work productivity loss (overall work impairment), and activity
impairment. Linear regression models were used to control for potential
confounders. Results A total of 19,711 adults were evaluated (5,161
insomnia, 14,550 non insomnia). Subjects in the insomnia group had
significantly lower SF-8 physical (-5.40) and mental (-4.39) scores and
greater activity impairment scores (?18.04) than subjects in the
noninsomnia group (P\0.01 for all). Employed subjects in the insomnia
group had greater absenteeism (?6.27), presenteeism (?13.20), and
work productivity loss (?10.33) scores than those in the noninsomnia
group (P \ 0.01 for all). Conclusions Insomnia is significantly associated
with poorer physical and mental quality of life and work pro- ductivity
loss and activity impairment.Paper 5

Provide detail description about what data is/will be required, how and from where it
is/will be collected.
 Primary Data Sources Secondary Data Sources

Exploratory Phase 1) Questionnaire Published sources:

2) Focus groups 1) statistical data
2) census data
3) government publications

Descriptive 1) Observational method 2) Case study research

Research 2) Survey method method

Causal Research