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Subject : Biology
Class : IX
CATTLE FARMING:-
The rearing of cows, buffaloes, goats, etc for milk production and draught labour is
called cattle. Thus, cattle farming in India are done for two purposes:-
a) Milk production.
b) Drought labour for agricultural work such as tilling, irrigation, carting,
leveling, etc.
1) Cows or Bos indicus:- There are 26 breeds of cows which are classified as
under;
a) Milk breeds or milk yield varieties which give milk e.g. Sahiwal, Gir,
Holstein-Friesian.
b) Drought animals which carry loads, etc e.g. Malvi, Nageri, etc.
c) Dual breeds i.e. for both milk and drought work e.g. ongole, Kankraj.
2
DISEASES OF CATTLE:-
Cows and buffaloes suffer from various diseases which not only cause ill health
but reduce the milk production and cause mortality of sick animals. A healthy
animal can be recognized by its regular feeding, normal posture, a definite body
temperature, normal pulse, normal respiration rate and nature of faecal matter.
The disease of the cattle can be caused due to external parasites e.g. ticks,
mites, lice, etc which cause skin diseases and anemia or internal parasites e.g.
worms (which affect stomach, liver, intestine) and microbes (e.g. bacteria, viruses,
which cause diseases like Anthrax, Rinderpest, FMD).
3
The animals are protected from major viral and bacterial diseases by
vaccination, proper disposal of dead and diseased animal, using proper insecticide
and proper hygienic conditions.