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536:1997
Incorporating
Amendment No. 1
BS ISO 536:1995
renumbered
ICS 85.060
BS EN ISO 536:1997
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
1 Scope 3
2 Normative references 3
Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
3 Definition 3
4 Principle 3
5 Apparatus 3
6 Sampling 3
7 Conditioning 3
8 Procedure 3
9 Expression of results 4
10 Test report 4
Annex A (normative) Determination of grammage on
“oven-dry” and “as-taken” bases 5
Annex B (informative) Limited area of sample 5
List of references Inside back cover
© BSI 07-1999 i
BS EN ISO 536:1997
National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee PAI/11 and is
the English language version of EN ISO 536:1996 Paper and board —
Determination of grammage, published by the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS EN ISO 536:1997 which is withdrawn.
EN ISO 536:1996 was produced as a result of international discussions in which
the United Kingdom took an active part.
EN ISO 536:1996 has been approved by CEN member bodies under the weighted
Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
Cross-references
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
inside front cover.
ii © BSI 07-1999
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 536
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 1996
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 85.060
English version
Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
Foreword
The text of the International Standard from
Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and
pulp, of the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a
European Standard by the Technical Committee
Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
2 © BSI 07-1999
ISO 536:1995(E)
through reference in this text, constitute provisions Special sheet-weighing balances, designed to weigh
of this International Standard. At the time of test pieces of a given size and which indicate
publication, the editions indicated were valid. All grammage directly, may be used provided that the
standards are subject to revision, and parties to above conditions are fulfilled and that the area of
agreements based on this International Standard each test piece on a single weighing is not less
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of than 500 cm2 and not more than 1 000 cm2
applying the most recent editions of the standards (see clause 8 and 9.2).
indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
When in use, the balance shall be shielded from air
registers of currently valid International Standards.
currents.
ISO 186:1994, Paper and board — Sampling to
determine average quality. 6 Sampling
ISO 187:1990, Paper, board and pulps — Standard
The selection of units and sheets and the taking of
atmosphere for conditioning and testing and
specimens shall be carried out in accordance with
procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and
ISO 186. The number of specimens taken (at least
conditioning of samples. five) shall be sufficient for at least 20 test pieces.
ISO 287:1985, Paper and board — Determination of
moisture content — Oven-drying method. 7 Conditioning
3 Definition For determination of conditioned grammage, the
specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with
For the purposes of this International Standard, the ISO 187.
following definition applies.
If a determination is made in the “oven-dry” or
3.1 “astaken” condition (see Annex A), or if any other
grammage conditioning atmosphere is used, the reported
mass of a unit area of paper or board determined by results shall be qualified by a statement indicating
a specific method of test the condition of the test pieces at the time of
weighing.
grammage is expressed in grams per square metre
8 Procedure
4 Principle
For determination of conditioned grammage,
The area of the test pieces and their masses are
prepare and weigh the test pieces in the same
determined and the grammage is calculated.
atmospheric conditions used to condition the
specimens.
5 Apparatus
Using the cutting device (5.1), cut at least 20 test
5.1 Cutting device, capable of repeatedly cleanly pieces in total from at least five specimens, if
cutting test pieces of the same nominal size whose possible taking the same number from each
area falls within ± 1,0 % of a known area. This shall specimen.
be checked frequently by measurement and,
Whenever possible, each test piece shall have an
provided that the above accuracy is attained, the
area of not less than 500 cm2
mean area obtained in these checks shall be used for
(preferably 200 mm × 250 mm) and not more
calculating grammage.
than 1 000 cm2; it may, if necessary, be composed of
With certain types of paper and board it will be several smaller pieces.
found, after carrying out this determination of area,
Determine the area of each test piece by calculation
that test pieces cannot be cut with the accuracy just
from measurements taken to the nearest 0,5 mm.
defined; in such instances the area of every test
piece shall be determined individually. Weigh each test piece on the balance (5.2) and
express its mass to three significant figures.
NOTE 1 It is recommended, especially when dealing with small
pieces, that contact of the test piece with bare hands be avoided.
© BSI 07-1999 3
ISO 536:1995(E)
9 Expression of results 9.3 Calculate the mean of the results and the
standard deviation and express them to three
9.1 If the procedure in clause 8 is followed, calculate
significant figures.
the grammage g, expressed in grams per square
metre, of each test piece, using the equation 10 Test report
m
g = ----- × 10 000 The test report shall include the following
A
Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
information:
where a) reference to this International Standard;
m is the mass, in grams, of the test piece; b) date and place of testing;
A is the area, in square centimetres, of the c) conditioning atmosphere used;
test piece.
d) all information necessary for identification of
Alternatively, the grammage may be calculated the sample;
using the equation e) area of test piece used;
m f) number of replicate tests;
g = ----- × 10 000
A g) mean and standard deviation of the results;
where h) if specimens have been taken from more than
m is the average mass, in grams, of the test one position across a reel or sheet and
pieces; information on grammage variation is required,
is the average area, in square centimetres, the details listed in c), d), e) and f) shall be
A reported for each position separately;
of the test pieces.
i) any departure from the procedure specified in
9.2 If a special sheet-weighing balance as described this International Standard and any
in 5.2 is used, calculate the grammage g, expressed circumstances that may have influenced the
in grams per square metre, using the equation results.
A1
g = --------
- × g1
A
where
g1 is the indicated grammage, in grams per
square metre, of the test piece;
A1 is the area, in square centimetres, of the
test piece for which the balance is
calibrated;
A is the area, in square centimetres, of the
weighed test piece.
4 © BSI 07-1999
ISO 536:1995(E)
© BSI 07-1999 5
Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
6
blank
BS EN ISO 536:1997
List of references
© BSI 07-1999
BS EN ISO
536:1997
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