Results

The two tables below will show the initial normality of the four samples and then the volume of
the NaOH that has been titrated.
The normality B is identification to the concentration of the solution that has been adsorbed and
will be calculated by this equation by knowing the volume of the sample which is 10 ml and the
initial normality and the volume of NaOH “titrated”.
𝑁𝑉) 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 𝑁𝑉) 𝐴𝐴
Then the concentration will be calculated by multiplying the normality B with the molecular
weight of the solution which is equal to 60 gm mole after that the Difference between the initial
normality and the final normality will be calculated.
Finally, the concentration will be divided by the normality to draw the relation between the
Concentration and C/N.
𝐶 1 𝐶
= +
𝑁 𝐾 𝑥 𝑁𝑚 𝑁𝑚
Where, C: is the solute concentration after adsorption
N: moles adsorbed
K: rate constant
Nm: moles needed for monolayer adsorption
The target is to know the rate constant at different temperatures and then to get the amount of the
heat adsorbed and that will be done by calculating the slope and the intercept from the graphs to
get the value of the rate constant and then calculate the heat of adsorption where k2 > K1 and Qa
should be equal or less than 50 KJ/mol
𝑇1𝑥 𝑇2 𝐾2
𝑄𝑎 = 𝑅 𝐿𝑛
𝑇2 − 𝑇1 𝐾1
Qa: heat of adsorption KJ/ mol
R: heat adsorption constant and equal 8.314 J/mol.K.
At temperature 25-degree Celsius:
Table 1: Calculations at 25 degree Celsius.

Normality(A) Volume A Normality(B) C= Nb*60 N(mol) (A-B) C/N (A-B)

“NaOH”
“ml”
0.05 4.55 0.0455 2.73 0.0045 606.6667
0.1 9.4 0.094 5.64 0.006 940
0.18 17.2 0.172 10.32 0.008 1290
0.35 33.6 0.336 20.16 0.014 1440

The graph at 25 degree Celesius

1800

1600
y = 44.401x + 637.93 1440
1400 1290

1200

940
1000
C/N

800
606.6666667
600

400

200

0
0 5 10 C 15 20 25

From the equation y=mx+c

So, the slope equal 44.401
And the intercept equal 637.93
1
𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = = 44.401
𝑁𝑚
𝑁𝑚 = 0.0225
1 1
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = = 637.93 =
𝐾𝑁𝑚 𝐾(0.0225)
𝐾1 = 0.069
At temperature 40-degree Celsius:
Table 2: Calculations at 40 degree Celsius.

Normality(A) Volume A Normality(B) C= Nb*60 N(mol) (A-B) C/N (A-B)

“NaOH”
“ml”
0.05 4.5 0.045 2.7 0.005 540
0.1 9.35 0.0935 5.61 0.0065 863.0769
0.18 17.55 0.1755 10.53 0.0045 2340
0.35 33.65 0.3365 20.19 0.0135 1495.556

The graph at 40 degree Celesius

2500 2340

y = 56.785x + 755.58
2000

1495.555556
1500
C/N

1000 863.0769231

540
500

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
C

From the equation y=mx+c

So, the slope equal 56.785
And the intercept equal 755.58
1
𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = = 56.785
𝑁𝑚
𝑁𝑚 = 0.0176
1 1
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = = 755.58 =
𝐾𝑁𝑚 𝐾(0.0176)
 𝐾2 = 0.075
The first condition is accomplished where K2 > K1

The calculation of heat adsorption

𝑇1𝑥 𝑇2 𝐾2
𝑄𝑎 = 𝑅 𝐿𝑛
𝑇2 − 𝑇1 𝐾1
25𝑥 40 0.075
𝑄𝑎 = 8.314 𝐿𝑛 = 46.215 𝐾𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙
40 − 25 0.069
Where Qa < 50 KJ/mol.