SPE

SPE 15867

A Driller’s HAZOP Method

by P,J. Comer and J.S. Fitt, Techrrlca Ltd., and R. Oatebd, Technics as

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drilling operations. It has bean developedby a

ABSTRACT
Joint Venturo of Teohniaa as, Consultins
Saiantiate and Engineaw, and the Drilling and
A method has been developed for performing
Hell TechnologyDepartmentof Rogslandaforskning,
Hazard and Operability~tudlesof drllllngsystems
The Rogslsnd Reuesroh Inetitute based in
and procedures. The need for such a teohniqueis
Stavanger. The projsot la sponsoredby Statoll,
explainedand its developmentand ●pplioation are
No?sk Xydro, saga Petroleum, NTNP (The Royal
desorlbsd. Althoughthe Drillers$ HAZOP uses the
Norwegian Counoil of Soientifio and Industrial
asme basio mathod as the traditional ‘prooesem Researoh),Noroam Drillingand Wilh. Wllhelmsen.
HAZOP, novel featureahsva bean introducedfor the
analysis of those drilling operationswhiah are
This paper discussasthe developmentof the
essentially sequenaes ef meohsnioal and manual D~illers@ HAZOp, as a meth~ for reviewing ~th
handlingoperationsby teams of psopla. For these
aquipmentand operationalpromdures and presents
cases, a new type of master document,the Nultiple
some examples0? its application.
Activity Chart, has been developedand ratined to
be the basis for aritiml study by deviation
analysis. It has baen found that the set of guide
word-variablecombinationsused in the olassloal UUAT IS NAZOP?
HAZOP study is not suitable for analysis of
Multiple ActivityCharts; an elternativaset has “HAZOPN is an aoronym for ‘Hazard and
OperabilityStudym. It is a methodwhioh has been
been developedand Is described. The expertenoe
used for many yeare, and uith great suacess, In
gained in developmentof the new method througha
the oil and Chemioalindustries,for reviewingthe
progrsmzteof ease studies, and by virtue of its
design of prooess plant in order to help produoe
first practical application,is reviewed. This
experiencehas demonstratedthat use of Me method safer,more effioientand more reliablaplant. It
is a standardstage in moat topsidedesigns.
can result in improved safety and effioienoyin
drillingoperations. Finally,the auth~rsdisouss
their plans for the future use and developmentof The main features of the method are that it
the teahnique. is conductedby a tasm of peopleworking together
under the guidsnae of a ahairmsn;that eaoh pert
or the design or faoility is studied
IBTRODUOTION syatemstioally;●nd that to? $ech element in the
design, all possible deviations from the design
The Drillers~HAZOP is a developmentof the intentionare examinedby applicationof a set of
well established Hazard and Operability Study guide words in order to identify possible
technique for application to offshore drilling hazardous situations. The output from the etudy
is a set of questionsfor furtherinformationand
systems and operation. The method provides a
system tor oarrying out Wltical reviews of reoommendationsfor ohsngea or for further study
equipmentand proceduresin order to improve the of speulfiedaspeots.
safety and effioienoyof presentand future

Tables and Figureeat end of paper,

2 A DRIIUR S‘ SAZOP METHOD
I(USDFOR A DRILLERS$ RAZOP
The Drillers~ HAZOP project arose From a
conviction that there is a pressing need to
improve the safety of drilling operations. This
is supported not only by the opinions of
experienced people but also by accident
statistics. For example, the annual reports of
the Nornegian Petroleum Directorate give the
followingin~uryrates (per thousandman years) on
fixed production installationson the Norwegian
continentalshelf, from 1979 to 1984:
Drilling 106.6
Administration/production 58.2
Building/Maintenance 19.4
It wae felt that a systematichazard study would
be very likely to lead to Improvements in
equipmentdesign and in operatingprocedureswhioh
would significantlyimprovesafety.
Such aonsiderationaled to the Inltlatlonaf
a project to develop the conventionalHAZOP study
method so that it aould be applied to drilling
syetema and their operation. The resulting
Drillers’ HAZOP method IS an ●daptation of the
conventionalHAZOP, based on the same conaeptebut
incorporatingnovel featureato maka it suitable
for the study of drilling ayeteme whioh may
sometimes be very different in nature from those
‘proceea-typemones for which the originalmethod
uas developed. It la believed that aueh ●n
●pproach aould be aa effeotive in identifying
safety and operability probleme for drilling
syatema aa it proved to be for topaidea proaeaa
equipment and for achemieal-typen plants.
However,it waa clear that the alaaaiaalteohnique
baaed eaeentially on analyeia of Prooess and
InstrumentationDiagrama (EngineeringFlowaheeta)
could not be applied to moat drilling activities
without modification. This waa primarilybecause
of tha continual human interventioninvolved in
most drilling operations and because of the
specialisadnature of the equipmentused in them.
At the sama time, it was reaogniaedthat the HAZOP
method had a capacityto analysesuoh aequenaesof
human activity and that this juatifled the
developmentof a Drillers?HAZOP tachnique.
DRILLSRSIBAZOPMSTROD
As In the classical HAZOP, the projeot
documents are studied Ky’a taam of people with
expert knowledge of the subjeot matter, in this
case drilling, under the guidanoe of a Chairman
experiencedin HAZOP study teahniquea. The team
1s usually complatad by a Seoretary reaponaible
for producing the reaord of the team~s
deliberation. In practioe, one document la
usually chosen to be the oentre of attention; in
the DrillerstHAZOP this key dooumentwill usually
be the Multiple Activity Chart (sac below)
although P 6 I Dta will be used for aorneayaterne
and some aeesionawill be devoted to analysis of
equipmentspecification, Cauae and Effeot Charta
eto.
C!9=
-r-----
15f367
.
As in the traditionalHAZOP, the discussion
is based on the identificationand assessmentc!’
deviatioma from the deeired state of’ affairs.
Potential deviatlonaare generated by applying a
set of guide words to eaoh section of the study
documant. The guide words themaalvea are
discussed more fully below. The discussion is
oonducted so as to identify the pogeible causea
and consequences of eaeh deviation. Nhen a
deviationhaa a credible cause and the design is
not considered acceptable,a racoamandatlonfor
ohange or for further ~tudy will be made. If the
team requirefurtherinformationor guidanceabout
companypolicy,a queetionwill be asked.
In either case, aotion by projeot managementwill
ba required,in order to resolvetha problem.
The output from the study coneiats of a set
of the resulting reoomendatlons and questions.
It is convenientto reoord the results of the team
Sesaiona in tabular form to enable the origin of
any reoo~endationa to be traced. An example
format for a record sheet la shown as Figure 1.
Non-significant iteme (trivial consequences or
discuasiona not leading to requirements for
●ction) are usuallynot reeorded.
Aa with ●ll eafety etudiea, a meohanismmust
exlat for ensuringthat the teamtarecommendation
and questions ●re acted upon promptly and
●ffectively. It la deeirablethat ●t leaat one O?
the team membershave the authorityto ensure that
euah aotion 18 in feat taken.
The development of the multiple activity
ohart enables the method to be readily ●pplied to
●lmoet all drillingoperations. A typioal aet of
operation and ayetema whiah may be reviewed by
the DrillersHAZOP method are listed in Table 1.
The NAZOP techniquemay apply either to the
improvement of existing operations or to the
developmentof better designs for new or modified
inatallationa. In the first of these
ciraumstanoesthe study will ba timed entirely
according to the availabilityof key personnel.
However,if the study IS to form part of a projeot
for the design, supply and installationof new or
modifiedfacilitiaathe full benefitsof the study
will not be obtainedunless it la initiatedbefore
the key da~ign deoiaionahave been taken, so that
these may be Influenced by the reoomendations
from the study. But, at this stage many details
of the deeign may not be known and this means that
it is often dasirable to repeat the HAZOP later
when a final aeeeaamentis poaaible,
DSVELOFHENTOP A 14ULTIPLS
ACTIVZI’Y
~RT
In a conventionalHAZOP study the data base
is ueually a well defined set of design documents
oompriaing P & I DIS and back-up information
oovering daaign apeoifioationa,codes of praotice
eto. In non-proaeeetype drilling systeme there
IS uautlly no well-defined deeign dooument on
whioh to baae the study. This la particularly
true when a number o? diffarent ●ctivitiesare to
be carried out by different operatora aoting in ●
more or leae oonoertedway (the situationfor many
drillingoperation),
 SPE IS1367
-.-..T— P.J. Comer, J.S.
. I
Before the study oan begin, therefore, the
team must define a naater docunent,incorporating
an agreed sequence of activities for each
operation,on which to baae the study. It has
been found that the MultipleActivityChart (MAC)
serves this purpose very well. MAC@s are the
baais for moat Drillers’HAZOP study seaaiona. An
example MAC for a trippingout operat%onis shown
as Figure 2. The multiple aotivity chart ia a
means of documentingthe rolee of teama of people
working together or in parallel to aohieve a
oommon purpose. The suggeeted format for a MAC
haa bean evolvedover a number of oaae studiesand
found to be effloient. Some ehangee may be found
desirable,however,to suit the ciroumstanoeaof a
particularoaae or to fit in with a particular
team’smethod of working.
A set of some 15 generalisedMACS have been
producedaa part of the Driller’sHAZOP projeot,
and are Inoluded in the method manual. These
include all the operationa oovered in the ease
atudiea (see below), and meet of those activities
listed in Table 1. These ganemliaed MACS would
normallybe the startingpoint for the development
of a MAC for a apeeifio operation In a study
aeaaion. Whilst the developmentef the MAC will
be the firet main ●ativity of the HAZOPteam, the
MAC will often oontinueto be revlaedae the study
progresses.
WlSe8tadnAcPomt
The reoommendadformat for a MAC providesfor
display of oertain reference informationon the
first at.eetof the aequenoe:
Operatimgsequenoe: Number and title for
the drilling operation or ayatam under
study.
UAC vemion number and date: Aa they
tend to be modified during the HAZOP
study, it la adviaableto number and date
each version.
Startimg oonditiooa: The starting point
for the aotlvitiesdescribed is defined
by indicating the end-point of the
previoussequence(if any) or the aasumed
state of equipmentand aystema. The rig
or platformshould be identifiedand any
aaaumptions about the uae of apeoial
equipmentshould be stated.
Fimal eooditione: The end-of-sequenoe
counterpartof the startingconditions.
List of opemtom with oede lettere:
Eaah operator, or operating group la
lieted and aaaigned a oode latter by
whioh it will be referred to in the MAC
Table,
Liat of ae~iee emoanies with oode
numbers: The counterpart of the laat
itaa, for aervioe oompany
representatives.
Fitt .9R. (htebd 3
In the MAC table, eaoh line desoribes an
activity which takes place in a given period of
time. Often, individualoperatoraor groups will
be engaged in concurrent,separate sub-aotivlties
in preparationfor a later,oombinedactivity.
operator Columma (eaoh headed by the
correspondingcode letter): The ent~ies
are in the form of Rwetioo Numberswhich
show the nature of the involvementof the
operator concerned, by uae of the
followingcode:
1, In oharg$ o? the operation
2. Carryingout the work,
under supervision
3* Observingor waiting to act
Blank Not involvedin this activity
Each operatoror group is referredto by
highest category: if the driller is
oarrying out an operation under his own
aontrol he will be antered aa ‘It but if
he is being direotly supervised by the
toolpusherwhilst doing it, he will be in
●a ‘2~,
Serrieo Co8paay Columa are filled In in
the same way aa the operator columns.
They are headed by the code lettar ~S~
with ● aubaariptwhich ia the oode number
for the serviee eempany in question.
Notaa Cohmu Self-explanatory.
Appro&ta Tim Col-: Used to give a
rough indicationof hew long It takea to
perform the activity, aa a guide to
management for plannlng, Also, it haa
been found that the diaolpline of
attemptingto aaaign a time to eac!hatop
leads to ● more preaiae definition of
aotivitiea.
OF DEVIATIONSAND USE OP OUIDEWRDS
SKLECTIOII
In a olaaaioal HAZOP study a aet of
deviations whioh appliea to almoat all atudiea
oenteredupon P & I D’a ia generatedby combining
the guide words [NO, MORE, LESS, REVERSE]with the
namea of the one-dimensional variablea FLOW,
PRESSUREand TRMP13RATURE.In the olaaaioalstudy,
this baaio deviation aet ia supplemented aa
required by using other variablea [LEVEL,
COMPOSITION, PHASEI and the non-speaifio guide
word CHANGE, and alao by the uae of one-word
deaoriptiona of deviationa [CORROSICI~I,
MAINTENANCE] for oertain inherently hazardous
oiroumataneea, It la also often found neoaaaary
to introduoeepeoial variableaor guide worda for
particularayatema.
Many drillint aetivitiea are oonaerned
largelyor solely with manual or mechanicalhand-
Ung problems to whioh the traditional aet of
deviation haa littlerelevano~,so ●n ●lternative
aet haa boon developed. In this, the baaio
varitbleia MOVEMENT;ainoe we ●re oonoernedwith
movementin three dimensions,it ❑ust be split
 .
!

A DRILLERS~ HAZOP MZTHOD SPE 15867

.
A

into three working variables: MOVZMENT UP, of ease studieshas been conduotedoffshoreon the
arotic drilling rig Polar Pioneer on locationoff
MOVEMENT DOWN and MOVEMENT ACROSS. Each of these
NorthernNoruay.
is combined uith the classical Suide vords NO,
MORE, LESS and REVERSE to generate the basio aet The oaae atudlea have studied the
of deviationawhich is supplementedby othere as
followingoperations:
required. The guide word sets foP Driller”samd
ClaaaiaalUAZOP are compared in Table 2 in uhioh 1. TrippingXn
some possible causes of the deviationsare also 2. TrippingOut
listed.
3. Pidcingup Single8 during
Drilling.
In conventionalHAZOP it is found that the
Disconnectionof riser due to
disouasions aan be initiated moat easily by
bad weather.
startingvith the NO FLOW deviation (beoausethis
5. Displacementof mud from riser.
la usually an extreme departure from the 6, Lifting riser and diverterto
designer’s intention). When NAC’S are being olear wellhead during dis-
studied in the Drillers’ HAZOP, the obvioue
connection.
starting point is usually NO MOVZMZNT (UP or
7* Emergenoydisaonneotionof
LXXiN), riser due to shallowgas.
8. Disconnectionof LMRP due to
As in conventional HAZOP, it may not be
bad veather.
necessaryto apply the guide word-variableroutine
9. Installationof risar and
rigidly at every step. ?iithan experiencedteam
diverterassembly,
queetionasuoh ae What can go wrong?w may be more 100 Drill 171/2 inoh hole.
productive. The Chairman mat judge when the 11. Run 20 inch oaaing.
disciplineof the olaaaioalformat la requiredand 12. Cement 20 inoh oaaing,
when it may be oounter-productive. 13. Installand teat eubaeaBOP.
In many oaaea there is ● ahoioe between Drilling ●xpertiee for the ease atudiea was
treatinga particularevent as ● do~iatiom or aa a provided by personnel from Wilh.Wilhalmaenand
oauae (or even sometimesa 00M0OQUOMO*). In auoh Noroem Drilling aa well as staff from
caaes, the Chairman must be oareful to struoture Rogalandaforakning. Pereonnel from the other
the diaouaaion so as to avoid unproductive sponsoring oompaniee●lao partiolpatedin the aaae
repetition. This has been found to be etudiea, and in one study provded the study
particularlyneoessaryin DrilleralHAZOP. ohairman and aeoretary. These individualshave
had ● aignitioantinfluenoeon the developmentof
Some or all of the deaoriptive phraaea used the method, and their contributionto the projaot
for deviationsin traditionalHAZOP studleemay be 18 gratefullyaohnolwedged.
found useful in the Drillers’ veraion but,
Rartiaularlywhen the MAC 18 the mater dooument Oaae Study -TriPpims Out
being analysed,additionalonce will be needed.
The study of a TrippingOut operationwaa one
of the early ctaae atudiea and is ● fairly typical
example. Tha study wan based on the faoilitieaat
the Rogalandaforskningfull scale teat rig in
As in all HAZOP studiesa team needs not only Stavanger, The multiple aotivity chart for this
an experiencedohairmanand a seoretarybut also a ope?ation la shown as Figure 2, and an extraat
core of permanentmembere,with other team members from the sessionreoord sheet in Figure 3.
being availablewhen their particularcontribution
is needed. During the study 37 reooumendationa
were made
and 2h questions raiaed, The recommendations
A typical Drillers! HAZOP team may inolude oovereda varietyof topioa, for example:
the Operating Companyea Drilling Engineer, the
Contraotor~sDrillingSuperintendentand a Safety - Imatruwmtation amd Control
Department Representative, Othere who nould (eg. driller should have devicea to signal
participatein the team as needed could inolude; that the elevator is closed (loekintz pin
Toolpusher, Driller, Subsea Engineer, Servioe in position) or open, and that it is at
Cotipany Engineer (mud logging, wireline, the oorreotheightwhen eonneoting),
oementing, eto.), Stability Seotion Leader and
othere. - Prooedureoand ?reimimg.

- hObMiOd Sandlimg
APPLICATIONOF TH2 HZTMOD
(es. desirability of a drawworks that
oould be driven in and out; automationof
Over the course of the projeot to develop the pipe-lifting from pipe rack to drill
Drillers$HAZOP ❑ethod a number of oaae studies floor).
have been oarried out to test and prove the
method. Caae etudiee were seleoted to oover ● - Hanual Sandlimg.
range of aotivitiea●nd types of operation. A set
-.—
SPE 15867 P.J. Comer.J.S. Fitt
I
- Devolop9entof Prooedurea (especially for
unusual or emergenoyoperation).
- Reliabilityand Maimtenacme.
- Adverse Conditions.
- Layout.
In addition to the ease studies oarried out
aa part of tha pro~eot,one of the participating
organiaationahave applied the method to a real
projeot,albeit in a Mmitad study (of shallowgas
problems). This first practical uee of the
Drillers! HAZOP method vaa suceeasful and
encouraging.
Other application of the method to real
proJects are baing planned.
m FUTURE
The programmeof ease studiesundertakenfor
the developmentof the Drillers’ HAZOP haa been
completedand the method is ooneideredto be ready
for uee on live projeota. A manual haa been
prepared for the guidance of thoee wishing to
apply the teahnique and there is a nuoleue of
Chairman and Seoretariea●xperlenoad in ita uze.
Studies ean be undertakenon a oontraotbaals and
a training progrwe is being developed ao that
Drillers! HAZOP aktlls may baooea more widely
available. The pertioipantaare oonfldent that
this extensionof the SAZOP teohnique will ooae to
be aooepted M a valuableadditionto the ermoury
of the hazard analyatand an eseentlalpart of the
syetemetioee?ety studiee of oil explorationend
productionfaoilitiea.
BENEFITSOP TX DRILLERS’SAZOPMETSOD
The DrilleravHAZOPmethod providesa new way
to carry out a oritical review of drilling
equipment and operations. Whilst the team
approaohrequiraaa afgnifioant commitmentof
& R. Ostebd 5
resources, it alao oonatituteaone of the main
atrengthaof the method. It Is well known that a
group of experta can genaratemore Ldeaa than the
same people working on their own; aa one would
expect, this applies to problem identificationby
HAZOPand ia of particular value when problems
arise at diaolplinery or organisational
boundarlea.
Tha same baaio method nay be applied to
almoat every aspeot of drilling, Thus, tha
conventionalHAZOP la well suited to reviewof the
mud system and the modifiedteohniquedescribedin
this paper ia ● powerful tool for analysis of
aotual drilling or of pipe-handlingoperations,
whether on fixed or floatinginstallations.
A bonue from the applicationof the Drillers~
HAZOP is that sequenoesof aotions carried out by
teama of people ●oting in ooncert hava to be
olearlyand preoiselydocumented, so that they may
be analyeed rigorously. Tha Drillers’ HAZOP
presentsauoh aequenoeain a olaar and concise
form in Multiple Aativity Charts. At the end of
the study, eaoh of theee will have been meti-
CU1OUZ1Yreviewed end substantiated;this will be
of benefit outside the study itself and should
aaaiat planning and the allocation of resourees,
for @xemple for the deeign of new or modified
equipment.
The ●uthor$a gratefully acknowledge the
support and ●aaiatanoe provided by the sponsoring
oompeniea,both in terms of finanotal support and
the Invaluable oontributiona from the personnel
involved. Zlteprojeothas been sponsoredby NTNF,
Statoil,Norsk Rydro and Saga Petroleumand by the
drilling aontraotorsWillh.Wilhelmsenand Norcem
Drilling, through provision of drilling expertise
for the ease atudiea,
Runar Oatebd, one of the oo-authors, was
involved with the projaat prior to joining
Teohnicawhen he worked at Rogalandsforskning.
 IIAZOPGUIDE UORDS AND MVIATIOIIS
TABLE 2: lMIILLERS’ TABLS 1: ~IBLB APPLICATIONSFM THEINtILLPSk3C
HAZOPMBTHOD

1. CONVENTIONAL
HAZOP

DEVIATIONS CAUSSS Aotlvlty or System Master Doctmemta

to be studied
Basic met : Management Error
DealEn Error Pipe handling MAC
No } ( FLOW Equipment Failure Drilling UAC
LEss lcombined with { PRESSURE Control Failure Mud ayateme P&ID
NORE ) { TEMPERATURE Operator Error Cement ayatema P&ID
REVERSE ) ( Utility Failure Cementing HAG
Drill stem testing 14AC+P&ID
Supplememtery
mats: Fire Installation and testing MAC
Deviation Cauaing of SOP
enother Deviation Shallow gas procedures MAC
( CU4POSITION (e.g. HDREFLOU Well killing llAC+P&ID
CHANOE W combined with{ PHASE cauaea LESS LEVEL) Emergency systems and FIAC+P&ID
( STATE procedures
r-
Management systems To be defined 1
Coftnosroki Plugging and abandonment HAC
MAINTENANCE Well completion UAC
Re-entry nilc
Tie-back MAC
2. DRILLERS’ HAZOP Fishing UAC
Uorkoverlwireline MAC
DEVIATIONS CAIBES Heating k ventilation P&ID
ays t9ms
Bamia -t: Bad Comunioatlons
Exoeaaive Streaa
m 1 ( MOVEMENTUP More Speed
LEss )combined with ( UOVENENT
DOWN Miscalculation
MRE ) [ MOVEMENT
ACROSS Lack of Data
REVERSE ) [ Wrong Measurement
Bad Weather
Supplementary mats wow, Squipmant

WIONO combined uith { TIME

( POSITION

No 1 m
LATE ]combined with DECISION
WRONG ) I-
PWDIEl:E
AzO?Loc8==m
9K 15P67
II
SECTION OF PLANT:

DEVIATION CAUSES CONSEQUENCES RECO_ATIONS QUESTIONS :

SA20P LOG SHSET NO. I JOB NO. I

Pxcosx2: MOLTIPSXMTZVITT - (M&)

Pm-EAmLIHG XQmPMmT Is mmm ~OB8

OPERATING
SEQUENCE:TRIPPINGOUT saEsT 1 0? 3

STARTING Comxmom: PmAL Commxolm : 0~ IIWOL~:

Drilling is being stopped. Drill string stands stored ●nd locked *a) Companyrepresentative.
in set-back ●rea. b) Captain.
Mud is circulating. ●c) Toolpusher.
Iron roughneck retraeted in rest *d) Driller.
Trip tank is full. position. *e) Assistant driller.
●f) Derrick man.
Heave compensatoris not used, Kelly set ●side. *s) Drill crew.
h) Stability section leader.
Top drive equipment is not used. Mud pumps stopped. i) Crane operator.
j) Roustabouts.
Lifting subs are not used. Standlift and upper racking arm re- k) Subsea ●nsineer,
tracted. 1) Narine department operators,
m) Standby boat captain,

SmV3CS COWAWIXSIIWOL~:

*SA) Mud losgints,

S2) Electric lossins,
S3) NWDlogging.
*S4 ) Nud ●ngineer.
S5) Cemantinc.
S6) Casing.
S7) Wireline,
S8) Survey.
S9 ) Perforation.
Slo) DST services.
Sll) Diving.
S12) Wellhead manufacturer.
S13) Directional drilling.
S14) Equipmnt servicesi

MACDXVXLO=: PRE-PROJECT CASE STUDY

 SPE 15867 ●

OP~TING SEQUENCE: TRIPPING OUT SEEET 2 OF 3

1- —
‘lix- DCSCEIPTION T- z- G m’ TI~
— — — —
& Stop drilling.
(Continue to slowly rotata
drilling string. ) 1 2 mine

2 Circulate md to clean out

hole. (Continue to slowly
rotate drilling string, ) 1 3 ~ariable

3 Stop mud circulation,

(Continue to slowly rotate
drill string. ) 2 min.

4 Review condition of well,

Line up trip tank. 3 5 min.

5 Lift and set aside Kelly.

Ensure hook is free to
rotate. 2 15 min.
6 Lowar elevator, extend
block ●nd ●ttach to string
Lift string to release
slips, release slips. 2 2 min.
7 Lowar ●levator , change
elevator. Changa r<ta-
head. Extend block ●nd
●ttach to string. Prepar4
new slips. 2 If necessary
15 min.

— — —
r ) Activity No. 7 only ●m] Ien -,
,rt< iGmt*r cl
I Activity No, 6 to _14 @atad ●s necessary,
) Trip tank continuously monitored by driller.

WLT13U ACTWITT CaAaT 30.

—
OPERATINGSEQUENCE: TRIPPING otJT SEEET 3 OF 3

m DESCRIPTION ii- r i- q r i- ii NOTE

1
—, 8 Review condition of wall.
-! —
Start trip tank pump.

9 Continue to lift stand,

Move stand lift to ready
position, Move upper arm
to ready position. 1 2 2 3

10 Set slips and lowr stand

to lock in position, 1 3 3 2

11 Move stand lift arm and Act, 6+8 - 14

grip arotind pipe,’ Move ca, 3 rein, ●ll
uPPer ●rm and 8rip around together.
pipe. Break out connect, 1 2 2 2

1: op~n elevator ●nd retract

block, Start lowering
block. 1 3 3 3

13 Continue to lower block

and stop, Lift stand,
Retract iron roushneck to
rest position. 1 2 3 2

14 Final lowering of block,

Retract stand, set back,

—
●nd lock into finger board 1 2 2 3

—..
— — — — —
.

... .. ___
 CASE STUDY:PIPESANDLINGEQUIPMENTIN TRIPPINGOP=TIONS
OPERATINGSEQUENCE:TRIPPING OUT

ruDY DEVIATION INDICATION CAUSES CONSEQUENCES ACTIONNOTES/ FOLLOWUP f

EF. NO. QUESTIONS Comm’rs
RSCOM4ENDATIONS
I I I I I
5A/ 5D. Lift ●nd set aside kellv. Ensur~ hook is free to rotate.

5,1 No mvement ~ Ks1lY valve not Mud on the drill- A new (red-saver)
cloeed. floor. valve wes
discussed. (A
pre-set pressure
valve which pre-
vmtt flow for
pressure below
200 psi, ie. ●
md colum ●qual
to tha length of
the kelly●ssembl]
?orgot to own With stabiliser i
in
hook to ●nsure the hole, th~
free rotation. drill string wi 1
rotate when pul ●d
out which may
cause damase to
the hook.

5,2 Reverse movement, Lifting kelly too Dmeged hoses, Q,7 Should senaoz
high. piping ●tc. ●larme be provided
Injuries to on guid~ dolly?
operators. Q.8 Eowdowe
●nsure that kelly
is not lifted too
high?
Failure of liftini Falling objects R.2 Consider aaf~
●quipment, ●s. causing dmeged location of
drill line breaksj equipnmt and driller’s cabin i!
snaps or operator injuries to designing new ris!
error. operators.

,’