Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Tomasz Golan
NuSTEC, 14-17.05.2014
Plan
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
params.txt
1. Installing NuWro
2. Running NuWro
Installing NuWro
Requirements
Installing ROOT
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
2. Pythia6
http://neutrino.ift.uni.wroc.pl/files/pythia6.tar.gz
3. NuWro
http://borg.ift.uni.wroc.pl/gitweb/?p=nuwro
Installing NuWro
Requirements
Installing ROOT
1. Check ROOT dependencies
Installing NuWro
http://root.cern.ch/drupal/content/build-prerequisites
Running NuWro
Installing NuWro
Requirements 4. Configure and install ROOT
Installing ROOT
Installing NuWro
cd root && ./configure --with-pythia6-libdir=lib
Running NuWro
Analyzing the output If it goes well, you will see: Enabled support for ..., pythia6, ...
params.txt
make
Note, it will take some time.
Installing NuWro
Requirements
Installing ROOT
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
params.txt
params.txt
NuWro saves by default the event tree into the eventsout.root file.
Cross sections are saved by default into the eventsout.root.txt file
(it will be discussed later).
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
Params.txt
Events
Beam
Target
Dynamics
Misc
Test events are used to calculate cross section.
Analyzing the output
They are not saved! It is very fast. Usually, 106 test events is enough.
params.txt
number of test events = unsigned int
params.txt
beam energy = Emin Emax → uniform beam
beam energy = Emin Emax a0 a1 ... an
Pn
beam with energy range from Emin to Emax , ai / j aj gives a
probability the energy will be drawn from (i ∗ ε, (i + 1) ∗ ε)
interval, where ε = (Emax − Emin )/n
params.txt
ni → PDG, xi → fraction of this kind of neutrino
bei → like beam energy
Example:
beam content = 12 75% 1000
beam content += -12 20% 1000 2000
beam content += 14 5% 1000 1500 1 5 10 15 5 1
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
Params.txt
Events
Beam
Target
Dynamics
Misc
Composed target
Installing NuWro
params.txt
pi → number of protons, ni → number of neutrons
fi → number of i-th kind of nucleus in the target
EBi , kF i , N Ti → binding energy, Fermi momentum, nucleus target
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
Params.txt
Events
Beam
Target
Dynamics
Misc
params.txt
Predefined targets
@target/targetfile.txt
Predefined beams are located in “nuwro/data/target” directory.
see the attached table for details and the full list of parameters
Installing NuWro
params.txt
Predefined functions
vect q(); four-momentum transfer
double q2(); four-momentum transfer squared
double W(); invariant mass
int nof (int PDG); #particles with PDG before FSI
int fof (int PDG); #particles with PDG after FSI
and many more... see src/event1.h for details
params.txt
and many more... see src/particle.h for details
class vec
double x, y, z; coordinates
double length(); vector length
vec operator+ (vec a, vec b); and other operations
class vect
double t, x, y, z; ...
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
params.txt
a) run1.root with the events tree
b) run1.root.txt with total cross sections in cm2
5. To analyze the ROOT file use:
./bin/myroot
Running NuWro
1400 200
1200
150
1000
800
100
600
400
50
200
0 0
200 400 600 800 1000 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1
out[0].E() post.p().z/post.momentum()
ccqe->Draw();
bkg->Draw("same"); //"same" -> on the same plot
gSystem->ProcessEvents();
TImage *img = TImage::Create();
img->FromPad(c);
img->WriteImage("first_plot.png");
}
Plot example
Running NuWro
800
600
400
200
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
lepton kinetic energy [MeV]
double E = 0;
for (int k = 0; k < e->post.size(); k++)
if (e->post[k].nucleon())
E += e->post[k].Ek();
else
E += e->post[k].E();
h->Fill(E);
}
h->Draw();
}
Event by event
Running NuWro
params.txt 20000
15000
10000
5000
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Running NuWro
to the cross section (in a tree each event is equally weighted).
Analyzing the output
Event
Particle
First run dσ N (x = x0 ± ∆x/2) σtotal
Command line →
Script example
Plot example
dx x=x0 Ntotal ∆x
Event by event
Cross section
Example
The table with cross sections (per nucleon) is saved into the even-
params.txt
tout.root.txt file:
Channel #events Fraction Cross section [cm2 ]
0 54134 0.54134 5.71421e-39 (qel cc)
1 0 0 0 (qel nc)
2 33534 0.335339 3.53972e-39 (res cc)
3 0 0 0 (res nc)
4 48 0.000480844 5.07563e-42 (dis cc)
5 0 0 0 (dis nc)
...
To read cross section from the txt file you can use the following
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
function:
Analyzing the output
Event
Particle double xsec (const char* input)
First run
Command line {
Script example
Plot example double temp, res = 0;
Event by event
Cross section ifstream Input (input);
Example
params.txt
getline (Input,string());
while(Input)
{
for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
Input>>temp;
res+=temp;
}
Input.close();
return res;
}
Now we try to figure it out how MA affects the shape and the normalization of the cross
section
1. Prepare the ccqe par.txt file (like run1.txt but only QEL CC is on)
2. Prepare a bash script (ccqe.sh):
#!/bin/sh
for i in $(seq 1000 100 1300)
do
./bin/nuwro -i ccqe_par.txt -o ccqe$i.root -p "qel_cc_axial_mass = $i"
done
Installing NuWro
Running NuWro
Analyzing the output 3. Prepare a function for the extraction of a histogram from a ROOT
Event
Particle file, for example:
First run
Command line
Script example
Plot example
Event by event TH1F* ccqe_q2 (const char* input){
Cross section
Example TFile *f = new TFile(input);
params.txt TTree *t = (TTree*)f->Get("treeout");
t->Draw("-e->q2()*1e-6 >> h","","goff");
TH1F *res = new TH1F(*h);
return res;
}
h1000->SetLineColor(kRed); h1000->Draw();
h1100->SetLineColor(kGreen); h1100->Draw("same");
h1200->SetLineColor(kBlue); h1200->Draw("same");
h1300->SetLineColor(kViolet); h1300->Draw("same");
c->cd(2);
double factor = 1.0 / h1000->GetBinWidth(0) / h1000->GetEntries();
h1300n->Draw(); h1000n->Draw("same");
h1100n->Draw("same"); h1200n->Draw("same");
}
Example - result
1000 3
2
500
1
0 0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
1
Turn on to use test events in the
analysis:
0 - test events are not saved;
1 - test events are final-
ized and stored in
weight.eventsout.root
file, the average weight is
equal to the total cross
save test events 0-2 0 section;
2 - test events of non-
zero weights are fi-
nalized and stored in
weight.eventsout.root
file, the weights are re-
spectively scaled, so the
average weight is equal to
the total cross section.
Beam specification
The direction of the neutrino mo-
beam direction xyx 001
mentum in xyz coordinates.
beam particle PDG number of the incident neu-
(use with beam type 0) ± 12, ± 14, ± 16 14
trino.
Types of beams:
0 - a single neutrino flavor
beam;
1 - a mixed flavor beam;
2 - a beam loaded from a
ROOT file;
beam type 0-4 0
3 - a beam loaded from the
histogram (histout.txt);
4 - create histout.txt file based
on a ROOT file (than
use beam type 3 to run
NuWro).
The energy profile:
(1) set a mono energetic beam;
(2) set an uniform beam with
(1) E energy range from Emin to
Emax ;
beam energy (2) Emin Emax (3) set a beam with energy
(use with beam type 0) 1000
range from Emin to Emax ,
(3) ai / nj aj gives a proba-
P
2
The mixed beam definition:
3
nucleus p any positive A number of protons in the tar-
(use with target type 0) 6
integer number get nucleus.
nucleus n any positive A number of neutrons in the tar-
(use with target type 0) 6
integer number get nucleus.
nucleus E b any positive The binding potential (sum of
(use with target type 0) 34
number binding and Fermi energies).
nucleus kf any positive
(use with target type 0) 220 The Fermi momentum.
number
Nucleus models used in a pri-
mary interaction:
0 - free nucleon;
1 - Fermi gas;
nucleus target 0-5 2
2 - local Fermi gas;
3 - Bodek-Ritchie model;
4 - spectral function;
5 - deuterium.
Nucleus density profiles for FSI:
nucleus model 0, 1 1 0 - constant density;
1 - realistic density profile.
The composed target definition:
TCi = ai bi ci x di ei fi , ai is the
target content number of protons, bi is the num-
(use with target type 1) a b cx d e f - ber of neutrons, ci is the num-
ber of i-th kind of nucleus in the
target, di (optional) is the bind-
ing energy, ei (optional) is the
Fermi momentum, fi (optional)
is the nucleus model (like in nu-
cleus target).
4
geo volume master volume The name of the master volume
(use with target type 2) -
name in the detector file.
One can also use predefined target specifications instead of the above parameters.
The list of targets can be found in “nuwro/data/target” directory.
To use one of those beams, one must use the following line:
@target/targetfile.txt
where targetfile.txt is the name of the file from “nuwro/data/target” directory.
Interaction settings
Turn on/off charge current quasi-
dyn qel cc 0, 1 1
elastic process.
Turn on/off neutral current elas-
dyn qel nc 0, 1 1
tic process.
Turn on/off charge current reso-
dyn res cc 0, 1 1
nance pion production..
Turn on/off neutral current reso-
dyn res nc 0, 1 1
nance pion production.
Turn on/off charge current deep
dyn dis cc 0, 1 1
inelastic scattering.
Turn on/off neutral current deep
dyn dis nc 0, 1 1
inelastic scattering.
Turn on/off charge current co-
dyn coh cc 0, 1 1
herent pion production.
Turn on/off neutral current co-
dyn coh nc 0, 1 1
herent pion production.
Turn on/off charge current me-
dyn mec cc 0, 1 1
son exchange current process.
Turn on/off neutral current me-
dyn mec nc 0, 1 1
son exchange current process.
Quasi-elastic
Electromagnetic form factors
parametrization:
1 - dipole form;
2 - BBBA05 (Ref. [1]);
qel vector ff set 1-6 2 3 - BBA03 (Ref. [2]);
4 - JLab (Ref. [3]);
5 - NN10 with two photon
exchange effect (Ref. [4]).
5
Axial form factors parametriza-
tion:
1 - dipole form;
2 - 2-fold parabolic modifica-
qel axial ff set 1-4 1 tion;
3 - 3-fold parabolic modifica-
tion;
4 - 4-fold parabolic modifica-
tion.
Turn on/off the strange quark
qel strange 0, 1 0 contribution to the NC axial
form factors.
Turn on/off the strange quark
qel strangeEM 0, 1 0 contribution to the NC vector
form factors.
6
If 1, the impossible quasi-elastic
cc smoothing 0, 1 1 reaction (like CC ν scattering off
proton) are skipped.
Pion production
∆ production form factors:
1 - dipole form;
2 - Paschos and Lalakulich,
2.12 MA = 1.05GeV BNL
fit (Ref. [5]);
3 - Paschos and Lalakulich,
2.12 MA = 0.84GeV ANL
fit (Ref. [5]);
delta FF set 1-7 1
4 - Paschos and Lalakulich,
page 4, bottom right (Ref.
[5]);
5 - Paschos and Lalakulich,
page 5, top left (Ref. [5]);
6 - Eq. 13 from Ref. [6];
7 - based on chiral quark
model from Ref. [7].
The axial mass value used in
pion axial mass any positive dipole parametrization of the res-
(for delta FF set 1) 0.94
number onance pion production form fac-
tor.
The CA 5 value used in dipole
pion C5A any positive
(for delta FF set 1) 1.19 parametrization of the resonance
number
pion production form factor.
Controls the precision in RES-
any positive
spp precision 500 DIS boundary region. Should not
number
be changed.
any positive Boundary of RES-DIS transition.
red dis cut 1600
number Should not be changed.
Turn on/off Rein Sehgal correc-
coh mass correction 0, 1 1 tion to charge current coherent
pion production.
Change between old (0) and im-
coh new 0, 1 1 proved (1) implementation of co-
herent pion production.
7
Two-body current
Two-body current models:
1 - Transverse Enhancement
model (Ref. [8]);
2 - based on Marteau model
mec kind 1-4 1 (Ref. [9]);
3 - Nieves et al. model (Ref.
[10]);
4 - Martini et al. model (Ref.
[9, 11]).
The fraction of mixed initial
nucleon pairs for charge cur-
any positive
mec ratio pp 0.6 rent interaction. For neutral cur-
number from [0,1]
rent the fraction is calculated as
1/(2*mec ratio pp + 1).
Final state interactions settings
Turn on (1) / off (0) final state
kaskada on 0, 1 1
interactions.
The value of the effective poten-
any positive
kaskada w 7 tial subtracted from the nucleons
number
energy leaving the nucleus.
If on, given output file
(eventsout.root by default)
is loaded, the primary vertex
kaskada redo 0, 1 0 is copied and only final state
interactions are simulated. New
output file with “.fsi.root” suffix
is created.
If on, all particles created during
kaskada writeall 0, 1 0 final state interactions are saved
in all vector.
any positive Length of max step in the cas-
step 0.2
number cade in fm.
Cross section models for pion-
nucleon interactions:
xsec 0, 1 1
0 - based on Ref. [12];
1 - based on Ref. [13].
pauli blocking 0, 1 1 Turn on/off Pauli blocking.
formation length any positive
(with formation zone 7) 1 Formation length in fm.
number
8
The parameter control the for-
any positive
tau 8 mation length for ranft and rl
number
models.
If off, the formation zone is ap-
plied only for the particles cre-
first step 0, 1 0
ated during final state interac-
tions.
Formation zone models:
(0) formation zone is off;
(1) SKAT parametrization
(Ref. [14]);
(2) parametrization based on
Color Transparency mea-
surements (Ref. [15]);
(0) nofz (3) coherence length (Ref.
[16]);
(1) skat8
(4) parametrization based
(2) cosyn on hadron-hadron and
hadron-nucleus collision
(3) cohl (Ref. [17]);
(5) as (4) but with fixed
(4) ranft
formation zone fz transverse momentum
(5) rl equal zero.
(6) for resonance pion produc-
(6) delta tion. Based on ∆ lifetime
(Ref. [18]);
(7) const
(7) constant value;
(8) fz (8) default model: (3) for
quasi-elastic scattering,
(9) trans (6) for resonance pion
production, (4) for deep
inelastic scattering and
(0) for meson exchange
current.
(9) only for nuclear trans-
parency analysis.
9
References
[1] R. Bradford et al. “A New parameterization of the nucleon elastic form-factors”. Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl.
159 (2006), pp. 127–132.
[2] Howard Scott Budd, A. Bodek, and J. Arrington. “Modeling quasielastic form-factors for
electron and neutrino scattering” . arXiv: hep-ex/0308005 [hep-ex] (2003).
[3] E.J. Brash et al. “New empirical fits to the proton electromagnetic form-factors”. Phys.Rev.
C65 (2002), p. 051001.
[4] Krzysztof M. Graczyk, Piotr Plonski, and Robert Sulej. “Neural Network Parameterizations
of Electromagnetic Nucleon Form Factors”. JHEP. 1009 (2010), p. 053.
[5] Olga Lalakulich and Emmanuel A. Paschos. “Resonance production by neutrinos. I. J = 3/2
resonances”. Phys.Rev. D71 (2005), p. 074003.
[6] L. Alvarez-Ruso, S. K. Singh, and M. J. Vicente Vacas. “Charged current weak electropro-
duction of the ∆ resonance”. Phys. Rev. C. 57 (5 1998), pp. 2693–2699.
[7] D. Barquilla-Cano, A.J. Buchmann, and E. Hernandez. “Axial N-¿Delta(1232) and N-¿N*(1440)
transition form factors”. Phys.Rev. C75 (2007), p. 065203.
[8] A. Bodek, H.S. Budd, and M.E. Christy. “Neutrino Quasielastic Scattering on Nuclear Tar-
gets: Parametrizing Transverse Enhancement (Meson Exchange Currents)”. Eur.Phys.J. C71
(2011), p. 1726.
[9] Jan T. Sobczyk. “Modeling nuclear effects in neutrino interactions in 1-GeV region” . arXiv:
nucl-th/0307047 [nucl-th] (2003).
[10] J. Nieves, I. Ruiz Simo, and M. J. Vicente Vacas. “Inclusive charged-current neutrino-nucleus
reactions”. Phys. Rev. C. 83 (4 2011), p. 045501.
[11] M. Martini et al. “Unified approach for nucleon knock-out and coherent and incoherent pion
production in neutrino interactions with nuclei”. Phys. Rev. C. 80 (6 2009), p. 065501.
[12] N. Metropolis et al. “Monte Carlo Calculations on Intranuclear Cascades. I. Low-Energy
Studies”. Phys.Rev. 110 (1958), pp. 185–203.
[13] L.L. Salcedo et al. “Computer simulation of inclusive pion nuclear reactions”. Nucl.Phys.
A484 (1988), p. 557.
[14] D.S. Baranov et al. “An estimate for the formation length of hadrons in neutrino interactions”
(1984).
[15] Wim Cosyn. “Exploring the limits of a hadronic picture of nuclei through pion and nucleon
removal reactions”. PhD thesis. Ghent University, 2009. url: http : / / lib . ugent . be /
fulltxt/RUG01/001/350/817/RUG01-001350817\_2010\_0001\_AC.pdf.
10
[16] A. Rubbia G. Battistoni A. Ferrari and P.R. Sala. The FLUKA nuclear cascade model applied
to neutrino interactions. talk given at NuInt02. 2002.
[17] J. Ranft. “Hadron production in hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions in a dual
parton model modified by a formation zone intranuclear cascade”. Zeitschrift für Physik C
Particles and Fields. 43.3 (1989), pp. 439–446.
[18] Tomasz Golan, Cezary Juszczak, and Jan T. Sobczyk. “Final State Interactions Effects in
Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions”. Phys.Rev. C86 (2012), p. 015505.
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