Section A

[60 marks]
Answer all questions from this section

1. Diagram 1 shows the structure of a cell as seen under an electron microscope.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur sel yang dapat dilihat menerusi mikroskop electron.

N M

Diagram 1

a. Name structure K and L.

Namakan struktur K dan L.
K :_____________________________ L :______________________________
[2 marks]
b. (i) What substance is structure L made of?
Apakah bahan yang membina struktur L?
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain one characteristics of structure L which is closely related to its function.
Terangkan satu ciri struktur L yang berkait rapat dengan fungsinya.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

c. Describe one characteristics of structure M and explain it’s important.

Perihalkan satu ciri struktur M dan terangkan kepentingannya.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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 d. (i) What substances does structure K contain?
Apakah bahan yang terdapat dalam struktur K?
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark}

(ii) Describe the role of structure K in green plants.

Perihalkan peranan struktur K dalam tumbuhan hijau.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

e. Why is structure N not found in any human cell?

Mengapakah struktur N tidak boleh dijumpai dalam sel manusia?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

Q1

2. Diagram 2.1 shows two regions, X and Y, which are separated by a semi-permeable membrane.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan dua kawasan , X dan Y, yang dipisahkan oleh satu membrane separa telap.

Diagram 2.1

a. (i) Based on Diagram 2.1, which region is hypertonic?

Berdasarkan Rajah 3.1, kawasan manakah yang hipertonik?
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in 2 a (i).

Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di 2 a (i).
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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 (iii) After 30 minutes, an equilibrium is achieved between regions X and Y in Diagram 2.2.
Indicate the level of solution in both regions in Diagram 2.2.
Selepas 30 minit, keseimbangan antara kawasan X dan Y tercapai pada Rajah 2.2.
Tunjukkan aras larutan dalam kedua-dua kedudukan pada Rajah 2.2.

Diagram 2.2

[2 marks]
(iv) Name the process which occurs in 2 a (iii)
Namakan proses yang berlaku dalam 2 a (iii)
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
(v) Explain your answer in 2 a (iii)
Terangkan jawapan anda di 2 a (iii)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

b. (i) Complete Diagram 2.3 by drawing the condition of red blood cell after immersing in a concentrated salt
solution.
Lengkapkan Rajah 2.3 dengan melukis keadaan sel darah merah selepas direndam dalam larutan garam
yang pekat.

After immersing in concentrated salt solution

Selepas direndam dalam larutan garam yang pekat

Diagram 2.3

(ii) State the condition of the red blood cell in 2 b (i)

Nyatakan keadaan sel darah merah di 2 b (i)
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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 (iii) Explain your answer in 2 b (ii)
Terangkan jawapan anda di 2 b (ii)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(iv) Predict what will happen if red blood cell is immersed in distilled water.
Ramalkan apa yang terjadi pada sel darah merah jika ia direndam dalam air suling.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

Q2

3. Diagram 3.1 shows the formation of triglycerides.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan pembentukan trigliserida.

Diagram 3.1

a. (i) Name R and S

Namakan R dan S
R :_______________________________ S :________________________________
[2 marks]

(ii) In Table 3.2, state the number of molecule for R and S.

Dalam Jadual 3.2, nyatakan bilangan molekul bagi R dan S

Type of molecule Number of molecule

Jenis molekul Bilangan molekul
R
S
[1 marks]

(iii) State what is process T.

Nyatakan apakah proses T.
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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 (iv) Explain process T.
Terangkan proses T.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
b. State two functions of triglycerides in human.
Nyatakan dua fungsi trigliserida dalam manusia.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

c. Diagram 3.3 shows a cross section of an artery in a man who practices an unhealthy eating habit.
Rajah 3.3 menunjukkan satu keratnn rentas arteri seorang lelaki yang mengamalkan tabiat pemakanan yang tidak
sihat.

Muscular wall
Dinding berotot

Lumen
Lumen
M deposit
Deposit M

Diagram 3.3

Explain the effect of the unhealthy eating habit to his health.

Terangkan kesan tabiat pemakanan yang tidak sihat terhadap kesihatannnya.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

d. Suggest a healthy eating habit to avoid the formation of M deposit in the artery.
Cadangkan satu tabiat pemakanan yang sihat untuk mengelakkan pembentukan enapan M dalam arteri.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

Q3

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4. Diagram 4.1 shows a cell cycle in animal cell.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan satu kitaran sel dalam sel haiwan

Diagram 4.1
a. (i) Name stage P and Q.
Namakan peringkat P dan Q.
P :____________________________ Q : _______________________________
[2 marks]
b. Name a stage where there is no cell division detected in the cell cycle.
Namakan peringkat yang tiada pembahagian sel dikesan dalam kitaran sel.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

c. Diagram 4.2 shows four phases of mitosis in an animal cell

Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan empat fasa mitosis dalam sel haiwan.

Diagram 4.2

(i) Arrange the letters to represent the sequence of phases in mitosis process.
Susun huruf-huruf diatas untuk mewakili turutan fasa proses mitosis.

[1 mark]
(ii) State the phase of mitosis is representated by S.
Nyatakan fasa mitosis yang diwakili oleh S.
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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 (iii) Describe two chromosomal behaviors in phase S.
Huraikan dua perlakuan kromosom semasa fasa S.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

d. Diagram 4.3 shows one of the stages in the cell division in a reproductive organ of an organism.
Rajah 4.3 menunjukkan salah satu peringkat pembahagian sel pada organ pembiakan satu organisma.

Diagram 4.3

(i) What has occured at X. Explain

Apakah yang berlaku di X? Terangkan.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(ii) Name and draw the stage that would occur after the stage in Diagram 4.3
Namakan dan lukis peringkat yang akan berlaku selepas peringkat di Rajah 4.3

Stage : ____________________________
[2 marks]

(iii) State one difference between the process of cell division in Diagram 4.2 and 4.3
Nyatakan satu perbezaan antara proses pembahagian sel dalam Rajah 4.2 dan 4.3
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

Q4

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5. Diagram 5.1 shows a reaction catalyzed by lipase.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan tindakan enzim lipase.

Diagram 5.1

a. (i) Label P, Q, R and S in Diagram 5.1

Labelkan P, Q, R dan S pada Rajah 5.1
P : ___________________________ Q : ____________________________
R : ___________________________ S : _____________________________
[4 marks]

(ii) State two characteristics of P.

Nyatakan dua ciri P.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

b. State the principle of enzyme reaction as shown in Diagram 5.1

Nyatakan prinsip tindakan enzim seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.1
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

c. Enzymes are used widely in industries. State one use of lipase in food industry.
Enzim digunakan secara meluas dalam industi . Nyatakan satu kegunaan enzim lipase dalam industry makanan.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

d. The temperature at which a lipase reaction takes place is increased to more than 70⁰C. State the effect on the
quantity of the product. Explain your answer.
Suhu bagi tindak balas suatu enzim lipase berlaku dinaikkan melebihi 70⁰C. Nyatakan kesan terhadap kuantiti hasil
tindakbalas itu. Terangkan jawapan anda.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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e. Diagram 5.2 shows a box of washing powder.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan sekotak serbuk pencuci.

Diagram 5.2

A housewife uses cold water to wash her clothes with brand G washing powder. It is found out that the cleaning of
the clothes is less effective.
Using the above information, explain why the cleaning is less effective.
Seorang suri rumah menggunakan air sejuk untuk mencuci pakaiannya dengan serbuk pencuci berjenama G.
Didapati pencucian pakaiannya kurang berkesan.
Dengan menggunakan maklumat diatas, terangkan mengapa.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

Q5

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 Section B
[40 marks]
Answer any two questions from this section

6. Diagram 6.1 shows an enzymatic reaction in the “Lock and Key” hypothesis.
Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan tindakbalas enzim dalam hipotesis “Mangga dan kunci”.

Diagram 6.1

a. Based on Diagram 6.1 :

Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1 :
i. Draw and label a diagram to show the formation of product in Stage 3
Lukis dan labelkan satu rajah untuk menunjukkan pembentukan produk di Peringkat 3.
[3 marks]
ii. State three characteristics of enzymatic reaction.
Nyatakan tiga ciri tindak balas enzim.
[3 marks]
b. A group of student has carried out an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the rate of enzymatic
reactions. The results are recorded in Table 6.2
Satu kumpulan pelajar telah menjalani satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas tindakbalas enzim.
Keputusan dicatatkan dalam Jadual 6.2

Temperature (⁰C) 1/time, (s-1)

Suhu (⁰C) 1/masa, (s-1)
0 0
25 0.5
37 1.0
50 0.4
60 0
Table 6.2

i. Based on Table 6.2, draw a graph to show the effect of temperature on the rate of enzymatic reaction.
Berdasarkan Jadual 6.2, lukiskan satu graf untuk menunjukkan kesan suhu terhadap kadar tindakbalas
enzim.
[3 marks]
ii. Based on the graph in 6 (b) (i), explain how temperature influences the rate of enzymatic reaction.
Berdasarkan graf dalam 6 (b) (i), jelaskan bagaimana suhu mempengaruhi kadar tindakbalas enzim.
[5 marks]

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 c. Diagram 6.2 shows organ P and organ Q which are involved in the digestion process in human.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan organ P dan organ Q yang terlibat dalam proses pencernaan dalam manusia.

i. Explain the enzymatic reaction that takes place in organ P.

Jelaskan tindak balas enzim yang berlaku di dlaam oran P.
[3 marks]
ii. Explain the enzymatic reaction that takes place in organ Q.
Jelaskan tindak balas enzim yang berlaku di dalam organ Q.
[3 marks]

7. a. Diagram 7 shows the organization of protein structures.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan organisasi struktur protein.

Diagram 7

i. Explain the four levels of protein structure organization.

Terangkan empat tahap organisasi struktur protein.
[8 marks]

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 b. Maltose and lactose are carbohydrates which is the primary source of energy for our body.
Maltosa dan laktosa adalah karbohidrat yang merupakan sumber primer tenaga untuk badan kita.
i. What is a carbohydrate?
Apakah karbohidrat?
[2 marks]

ii. Name three main types of carbohydrates. Explain it with examples.

Namakan tiga jenis karbohidrat. Jelaskan dengan contoh.
[10 markah]

8. a. A typical menu for breakfast would include milk, bread, eggs, orange and margarine. State the main food
substances present in each item and their final products after digestion.
Satu menu yang tipikal untuk sarapan pagi termasuk susu, roti, telur. Oren dan marjerin. Nyatakan bahan
makanan utama yang terkandung dalam setiap barang dan hasil akhirnya selepas pencernaan.
[10 marks]

b. Give some examples of food that are particularly important in the diet of breast-feeding mothers. State the class of
food present in your examples. Justify your choice and explain how they meet the dietary requirements of the
breast-feeding mother.
Berikan beberapa contoh makanan khas yang penting dalam diet ibu yang menyusui bayi. Nyatakan kelas
makanan yang terkandung dalam contoh anda. Berikan justifikasi atas pilihan anda dan terangkan bagaimana
mereka menemui keperluan diet ibu yang menyusui bayi.
[6 marks]
c. Why must all diets contain protein.
Mengapakah semua diet mensti mengandungi protein?
[4 marks]

9. Diagram 9.1 shows the digestive system of a cow.

Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan system pencernaan seekor lembu.

Daigram 9.1
a. Describe the digestion of cellulose in the cow based on Diagram 9.1
Huraikan pencernaan selulosa dalam lembu berdasarkan Rajah 9.1
[6 marks]

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 b. Explain the process of protein in human’s stomach.
Terangkan proses pencernaan protein dalam perut manusia.
[4 marks]

c. Diagram 9.2 shows three person with malnutrition.

Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan tiga orang yang mempunyai malnutrisi.

What kind of malnutrition P, Q, and R suffer? Explain further.

Apakah jenis malnutrisi P, Q dan R hidapi? Terangkan selanjutnya.
[10marks]

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

Wan J@Okt2017smkp likas

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WanJ@smkpSept2017

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