DESIGN NOTE OF TRUSS 30

Introduction

This design note consists of 30m through trussed bridge.

The analysis of the structure has been done by a complete mathematical modelling using STAAD-
Pro analysis software, while the design is done manually in line with the procedure & parameters
laid down in the following standards:

1. IRC:6-2017
2. IRC: 112:2011
3. IRC:22-1986
4. IRC:24-2001
5. IS:11384-1985
6. BS:5400-Part5:1979

BASIC PARAMETERS OF TRUSS

Span of Main girders : 30 m
(c/c of bearing)

Carriageway width : 7.5 m

Crash barrier width : N/A m

Central median : N/A m

(including crash barrier)

Gap between crash barrier : N/A m

and structure

Extra widening for curvature : N/A m on each side

Wearing coarse thickness : N/A mm to be provided

N/A mm for design purpose
Cross fall on roadway : 2.5 % in both directions

Minimum depth of slab : N/A mm

Live load : As per lanes

Density of concrete : 2.5 t/m3

Density of wearing coarse : 2.3 t/m3

Density of steel : 7.85 t/m3

Grade of Concrete : M 20

Grade of Steel : Fe 540

Yeild Stress of Steel : 390 MPa

Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : 2.11E+05 MPa

Modulus of Elasticity of Conc. : 27500.00 MPa

Coefficient of thermal expansion

Steel : 0.000012 /°C
Concrete : 0.000012 /°C
(as per IRC:22)

For class 25t tracked vehicle, impact factor

(as per IRC:6-2000 cl.211.2 & figure 5) 1.154
 Design of Through Steel truss Bridge
Effective span 30
Calculation of Member properties As per Steel Table
Steel Members:
200
Cross sectional area (A) (m2): 0.0086
C.g. distance from top (m): 0.125
10 C.g. distance from left (m): 0.100
Bottom chord

250

230
Ix-x (I about x-axis) (m4): 7.79116666667E-05
10

Iy-y (I about y-axis) (m4): 0.000054887

Ix-y (torsional constant) (m4): 9.67144186047E-05

180

200
Cross sectional area (A) (m2): 0.0086
C.g. distance from top (m): 0.125
10 C.g. distance from left (m): 0.1
Top chord.ND-1

250

230

Ix-x (I about x-axis) (m4): 7.79116666667E-05

10

Iy-y (I about y-axis) (m4): 0.000054887

FX Ix-y (torsional constant) (m4): 9.67144186047E-05

180

100 7.3
y Cross Sectional Area (m2) 0.0025
C.g. distance from bottom (m) 0.0979
C.g. distance from left (m) 0.0500
Vertical Member.

5.4 IX-X (m4) 0.00001711

185.4

x x IY-Y (m4) 0.00000128

Torsional Constant (m4) 0.00000004

Zt (m3) 0.0002
Zb (m3) 0.0002
y
8 ZLeft (m3) 0.0000
100 ZRight (m3) 0.0000

200
Cross sectional area (A) (m2): 0.0061
C.g. distance from top (m): 0.1
Diagonal Member.

8 C.g. distance from left (m): 0.1

200

184

Ix-x (I about x-axis) (m4): 0.00003781

8

Iy-y (I about y-axis) (m4): 0.00003781

Ix-y (torsional constant) (m4): 5.6623104E-05

184

180 17.2
y Cross Sectional Area (m2) 0.0109
Bottom Transverse chord.(ISMB 500)

C.g. distance from bottom (m) 0.2500

C.g. distance from left (m) 0.0900

10.2 IX-X (m4) 0.0004468

465.6

x x IY-Y (m4) 0.0000168

Torsional Constant (m4) 0.00000069

Zt (m3) 0.0018
Zb (m3) 0.0018
y
17.2 ZLeft (m3) 0.0002
180 ZRight (m3) 0.0002

75
Cross sectional area (A) (m2): 0.0017
C.g. distance from top (m): 0.0375
6 C.g. distance from left (m): 0.0375
Top chord.ND-1

75

63

Ix-x (I about x-axis) (m4): 0.000001324

6

Iy-y (I about y-axis) (m4): 0.000001324

FX Ix-y (torsional constant) (m4): 1.971054E-06
 Top chord.ND-
63
Design Of Bottom Transverse Member

7.5 m
ber
CALCULATION OF LIVE LOAD REACTION For 30 m span

Class 70R wheeled loading

17 17 17 17 12 12 8
1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.96

30 m
Ra Rb

Rb * 30.00
Total Load = 100 t
17x0+17x1.37+17x(1.37+3.05)+17x(1.37+3.05+1.37)+12x(1.37+3.05+1.37+2.13)+12x(1.37+3.05+1.37+2.13+1.52)+8x(1.37+3.05+1.37+2.13+1.52+3.96)
512.38 t
Rb = 17.08 t
Ra = 82.92 t
Impact Factor 1.25
Ra = 103.65

Class 'A' train of vehicles

2.7 2.7 11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8

1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3 3 3

30 m
Ra Rb
Rb * 30 m
Total Load = 55.4 t
2.7x0+2.7(0+1.1)+11.4x(0+1.1+3.2)+11.4x(0+1.1+3.2+1.2)+6.8x(0+1.1+3.2+1.2+4.3)+6.8x(0+1.1+3.2+1.2+4.3+3)+6.8x(0+1.1+3.2+1.2+4.3+3+3)+6.8x(0+1.1+3.2+1.2+4.3+3+3+3)
503.65 t
Rb = 16.79 t
Ra = 38.61 t
Impact Factor 1.25
Ra 48.26458 t

Class '2A' train of vehicles

Rb = 33.58
Ra = 77.22
Load calculation for truss
Length of Span = 30.00 m
Width of truss = 7.500 m
Length of Vertical member = 3.000 m
Length of top chord = 2.500 m
Length of bottom chord = 2.500 m
Length of Diagonal member = 3.905 m

Totaal load due to truss member

Top Chord
5.2 Calculation of Allowable Stresses

a. Top Chord.

Permissible axial compressive stress in concrete: 5.0 MPa

(From IRC:21-2000 cl.303.1)

Permissible flexural compressive stress in concrete: 6.67 MPa

(From IRC:21-2000 cl.303.1)

Permissible axial tensile stress in concrete: 0.53 MPa

(From IRC:21-2000 cl.303.3)

Permissible stresses in steel

Effective length of member: lxx = 2500 2500 mm

lyy = 2500 2500 mm

Radii of gyration : rxx = 95.18 mm

ryy = 79.89 mm

Maximum sll = 2500/79.9 = 31.29

Allowable stress in axial compression : = 223.07 MPa

Allowable stress for axial tension : = 234.00 MPa

Flexural compressive stress: In steel

Allowable stress in bending tension: 241.80 MPa

Allowable stress for equivalent stress for combined actions: 358.80 MPa

Allowable average shear stress: 148.20 MPa

Allowable maximum shear stress: 167.70 MPa

b. Bottom Chord.

Effective length of member: lxx = 2500 mm

lyy = 2500 mm

Radii of gyration : rxx = 95.18 mm

ryy = 79.89 mm

Maximum slenderness ratio : l= 31.29

 Allowable stress in axial compression : 223.07 MPa

Allowable stress for axial tension : 234.00 MPa

Allowable stress in bending tension: 241.80 MPa

Allowable stress for equivalent stress for combined actions: 358.80 MPa

Allowable average shear stress: 148.20 MPa

Allowable maximum shear stress: 167.70 MPa

c. Verticals

Effective length of member: lxx = 3000 mm

lyy = 3000 mm

Radii of gyration : rxx = 82.23 mm

ryy = 22.47 mm

Maximum slenderness ratio : l= 133.54

Allowable stress in axial compression : 59.52 MPa

Allowable stress for axial tension : 234.00 MPa

Allowable stress in bending compression: 241.80 MPa

Allowable stress in bending tension: 241.80 MPa

Allowable stress for equivalent stress for combined actions: 358.80 MPa

Allowable average shear stress: 148.20 MPa

Allowable maximum shear stress: 167.70 MPa

d. Diagonals

Effective length of member: lxx = 3905.0 mm

lyy = 3905.0 mm

Radii of gyration : rxx = 78.45 mm

ryy = 78.45 mm

Maximum slenderness ratio : l= 49.78

Allowable stress in axial compression : 190.44 MPa

 Allowable stress for axial tension : 234.00 MPa

Allowable stress in bending compression: 241.80 MPa

Allowable stress in bending tension: 241.80 MPa

Allowable stress for equivalent stress for combined actions: 358.80 MPa

Allowable average shear stress: 148.20 MPa

Allowable maximum shear stress: 167.70 MPa

e Bottom Transvarsals

Permissible stresses in steel

Effective length of member: lxx = 7500 mm

lyy = 7500 mm

Radii of gyration : rxx = 202.08 mm

ryy = 39.14 mm

Maximum slenderness ratio : l= 191.63

Allowable stress in axial compression : 30.51 MPa

Allowable stress for axial tension : 234.00 MPa

Allowable stress for bending compression tension : 257.40 MPa
 DESIGN OF CONNECTION

Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
1) BOTTOM CHORD
Area of bottom chord= 0.0086m2
Maximum force car 207.948ton
Maximum force= 0.000ton
No of bolts required= 30.8
nos
Provide= 32 nos

Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
2) TOP CHOTD
Area of top chord= 0.0101m2
Maximum force carr 177ton
Maximum force= 0ton
No of bolts required= 26nos
Provide= 28 nos

Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
3) VERTICAL MEMBER
Area of vertical member=
0.003072 m2
Maximum force carried 71.8848
by theton
0 ton
No of bolts required= 11 nos
Provide= 10 nos

Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
4) VERTICAL DIAGONAL MEMBER
Area of vertical diagonal
0.007744
member=m2
Maximum force carried by160 theton
Maximum force= 0 ton
No of bolts required= 24 nos
Provide= 22 nos
 Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
5) TOP MAIN TRANSVERSE MEMBER.
Area of transverse member=
0.00427 m2
14 ton
Maximum force carried by the
Maximum force= 0 ton
No of bolts required= 2 nos
Provide= 4 nos

Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
6) BOTTOM TRANSVERSE MEMBER.
Area of transverse member=
0.009593 m2
Maximum force carried 91.13236
by theton
Maximum force= ton
No of bolts required= 13 nos
Provide= 14 nos

Dia of bolt= 20 mm
Bolt capacity
Singel shear= 3.4 ton
Double shear= 6.8 ton
7) TOP BRACING MEMBER.
Area of transverse member=
0.000114 m2
Maximum force carried 2.65824
by theton
Maximum force= 0.0000 ton
No of bolts required= 0.3938 nos
Provide= 4 nos