Appendix A A.

Appendix (A)
Transformer Differential Relay Calculation and Setting Siprotec Relay
7UT613

A.1 Transformer Differential Relay Calculation

Consider the three-phase transformer bank shown in Figure (A.1), for
the main transformer in hilla gas substation with rated 63 MVA at
132/33kV, Yd1. Note the polarity markings on the CTs. Assume that the
transformer is carrying normal load, and that the current in phase (a) on the
wye side is the reference phasor.

1- Determine the C.T. ratio current and the current at operation coil of
differential relay.
2- Determine the percentage differential relay slope and the pickup setting.

Figure (A.1) Connections for a three-phase differential relay

 Appendix A A.2

Solution: -

1-Thus, the three-phase currents on the wye side are

S = √3 × V × I
Ia= 63 × 10^3 / (√3 × 132∠0) = (275.55 + 0.0) A
Ib= 63 × 10^3 / (√3 × 132∠120) = (-137.77- j238.63) A
Ic= 63 × 10^3 / (√3 × 132∠-120) =(-137.77+j238.63) A

The currents on the delta side of the power transformer are

Iad= (63 × 10^3/√3 ×33∠0) × 1∠-30= (954.54- j551.1) A

Ibd= (63 × 10^3/√3 ×33∠120) ×1∠-30= (-954.54- j551.1) A

Icd= (63 × 10^3/√3 ×33∠-120) ×1∠-30=(0+j1102.2) A

The CTs on the delta side of the power transformer are to be connected in
wye.

For 33 kv side, the current I33= (63 × 10^3/√3 ×33) =1102 A

We select CT ratio for 132 kv side 1200/5.

For 132 kv side, the current I132= (63 × 10^3/√3 ×132) =275.55 A

We select CT ratio for 132 kv side 300/5.

The relay taps can be used to reduce this magnitude mismatch further.

Now calculate the secondary current for both side of power transformer
 Appendix A A.3

The CTs on the delta side of the power transformer (wye)

(1200:5) and the secondary current are:

Iad sec. =(954.54-j551.1) ×5/1200= (3.977 + j2.296)

Ibd sec.= (-954.54-j551.1) ×5/1200= (-3.977 - j2.296)

Icd sec.= (0+ j1102.2) ×5/1200= (j4.5925)

The CTs on the wye side of the power transformer are(delta)

(300:5) and the secondary current are:

Ia sec. =(275.55+j0.0) × (5/300) = (4.5925 + j0.0)

Ib sec.=(−137.77−j238.63) × (5/300) = (−2.296 –j3.973)

Ic sec. =(−137.77+j238.63) × (5/300) = (−2.2961 + j3.973)

The current flow in the operation coil of differential relay are

Phase A:

(Ia sec.− Ib sec.) − Iad sec.= [(4.5925 + j0.0) −(−2.296 –j3.973)] −(3.97725
j2.296) = (6.8885 + j3.973) − (3.97725 - j2.296)

=(2.91125+j6.269)

Phase B:

(Ib sec. − Ic sec.) − Ibd sec.=[(−2.296 –j3.973) −(−2.296 + j3)] − (3.9773−j2.296)

= (0.0 – j7.9463) − (-3.9773 – j2.296)

= (3.9773 – j5.65)

Phase C:

(Ic sec. − Ia sec.) − Icd sec. = [(−2.296 + j3.973) − (4.5925 + j0.0)] − (0+
j4.5924) = (−6.8885+ j3.973) + (0+ j4.5925)

= (− 6.8885− j0.6195) .
 Appendix A A.4

The actual phasors of the CT secondary currents are shown in Figure

(A.2). It should be noted that the CTs on the wye side of the power
transformer are connected in such manner that the currents in the relays are
exactly in phase, and very small currents flow in the differential windings
of the three relays during normal conditions

275.55+0 954.54 – j 551.1

4.5925+j 0.0 3.977+j 2.296

- 137.77-j 238.63 - 954.54 – j 551.1

-2.296-j 3.973 -3.977+j 2.296

- 137.77+j 238.63 0 + j 1102.2

-2.296+j 3.973 0+j 4.5925

6.8885 + j 3.973

2.91125 + j 6.269

0 – j 7.9463

3.9773 – j 5.65

- 6.8885 + j 3.973

- 6.8885 – j 0.6195

Figure (A.2) Connections for a three-phase differential relay with phasor

current
 Appendix A A.5

2-We have the following data from name plate of transformer in Figure
(A.3)

Transformer = 63MVA, 132kV/33kV, 12.7%

Tap changer =17 taps, nominal tap = tap 9

HV voltage at maximum tap = 118800 V
Then
CTRHV =300/5 CTRLV = 1200/5
63×1000
IFLA LV= = 1102.214 A Primary or 4.592 A Secondary
√3 ×33

Thus CTRCFLV = 5/4.592 = 1.0888

63×1000
IFLA HV= = 275.5 A Primary or 4.592 A Secondary
√3 ×132

Thus CTRCFHV = 5/4.591 = 1.089

𝑉𝐻𝑉−𝑀𝐴𝑋.𝑇𝐴𝑃 118800 132000
TRMIN= ×TRNOM = × =3.6
𝑉𝐻𝑉.𝑁𝑂𝑀 132000 33000

ILV=1.088× 4.592 = 5

I 1102.214
( FLA −HV ) ( )
TRMIN 3.6
IHV= × CTR CFLV = × 1.089 = 5.55699A
CTRHv 60

IDIFF =|5.55699 − 5| = 0.55699 A

|I HV|+|I LV| |5.55699|+|5|

ITOT = = =5.278A
2 2

I 0.55699
S =SLOPE= DIFF = =0.1055=10.55 %
ITOT 5.278

Allowing for a 5% error, get a slope setting of

15.55%. Set to 20%.

Pick up of differential relay=0.25 ×IN

=0.25 × 5=1.25A
Appendix A A.6

Figure (A.3) Name plate of transformer 132/33 KV

 Appendix A A.7

A.2 Setting Siprotec Relay 7UT613

Appendix A A.8
Appendix A A.9
Appendix A A.10
Appendix A A.11
Appendix A A.12