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CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

In today’s world, radical changes are becoming more and more

rampant. An example of such change is the rapidly expanding social

networking sites. They change many aspects of people’s lives

including the way they communicate, gain information and even the

way they earn money. The most prominent example of these social

media sites is Twitter. This specific social media site allows people to

convey their feelings, emotions and thoughts replacing traditional

ways like writing letters and diaries in the process.

In the past decades, people are fond of handwritten poems and

diaries. They did this to express their feelings and by means of

communication. As time passed, inventors thought of an idea that will

ease the form of interaction. That’s when they came up with the idea
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of a cellphone. Long before, it contains keypad and its sole use is for

texting, but through the help of their creative minds, it was then

innovated. As an outcome- touch screen gadgets were introduced,

which are undeniably convenient. But that is not the only thing, there

were also applications specifically to interact to other people through

the internet and so to express their feelings. That is what we call now

social medias, there were various kinds of it. One of which is Twitter,

designed for the users to express their feelings aside for

communicating.

Twitter started as a sideline project of three brilliant

programmers of Odeo Inc., Jack Dorsey, Evan Williams, and Biz

Stone. Today, almost 200 million people are using twitter, and about

460,000 new accounts are being opened every day. Twitter can be a

source of information about present issues because many new

stories are arriving in tweets from Twitter users. It can also be very

useful for politicians because they can use Twitter as a political

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platform. Twitter can also be very valuable for businesses because

they can advertise their products and services through tweeting

(Picard, 2011).

Twitter plays a significant role in our lives. It acts to fill a deep

psychological need in our society. Take for example Maslow’s

hierarchy of needs, the lowest level of the pyramid is made up of all

basic needs such as food, shelter, water and clothing. Once these

needs have been met, people can move on to higher level of needs,

which become increasingly psychological and social. And this is

where Twitter engages. It aims primarily at social needs, like those for

belonging, love, and affection. An even higher level of need, related

to self- esteem and social recognition, is also leveraged by Twitter.

Despite the many benefits that twitter can provide, it may also

cause some negative effects. Twitter is sometimes used by the JHS

to bully someone and making rants. They feel safe bullying others
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because they can be anonymous in the said site. For example, using

an app called Curious Cat that can be found in Twitter, this is where

someone can say anything, and can even badmouth the person

without revealing his identity. Because of this, the person bullied may

feel depressed, or down, lowering his self-esteem and confidence.

Twitter has also deteriorated relationships because people prefer to

connect to their friends and families through these sites instead of

having to talk to them personally. These are the negative effects of

Twitter.

The researchers want to determine the reasons why Twitter

makes an increasingly impact on the social lives of many teens. They

wanted to know why it suddenly become famous to teens, slowly

replacing Facebook and other social media platforms. In short, this

research paper aims to know why and how teens use Twitter.
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this study is to understand the phenomenology

of using Twitter among students in relaying their feelings, opinions,

and insights to their friends or families.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1.) What drives JHS students to use Twitter?

2.) What benefits do students gain by using this app?
3.) What things do they usually tweet, repost and like in this app?
4.) How many hours do they spend using this app?
5.) How beneficial is this study?

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study will focus on Junior High School Students and the

reasons why most of them dwell often in Twitter to share their

feelings, emotions, and thoughts. More than 200 questionnaires are

distributed to all JHS students of Montessori De Sagrada Familia in

order to obtain substantial information to support the research. Since

Twitter users are the main focus of this study, those who do not
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manage a twitter account will be excluded from answering the survey.

A pre-survey has been conducted to determine those who use Twitter

among the students.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research will help understand the relationship between

JHS students and their use of Twitter. Possible reasons and factors

that drives them to use this app will be provided in this study. This

research will benefit the following:

For the twitter users, most twitter users today are students,

specifically the Junior High School students. Under some

circumstances, they use this app because of personal issues such as

sadness/depression, that may eventually lead to undesirable

tragedies such as self-implicated harm. This study will be most

beneficial to them, as this study raises awareness among Twitter

users.
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For parents, most teenagers nowadays isolate themselves

behind social medias, instead of engaging with their fellow teens and

families. They tend to use these media platforms as means of public

diary. Teenagers are more open to those apps regarding of what they

feel. This study will help strengthen family ties & relations.

For teenagers, as fellow teenagers, giving them knowledge of

this research will raise awareness & eradicate arrogance among

themselves. In this way, when they encounter such users who inhibit

signs of depression, they may be of help to them.

For future researchers, this study might help future

researchers who will conduct further study about this topic. This

research will give them information needed to give them a deeper

understanding. It will then be needed as basis of their study. The

statistics that we have gathered regarding this study may change

through their generation, this will be of great help to them.

DEFINITION OF TERMS
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For better understanding, the following words are defined

operationally:

140 Characters Policy – a policy that limits the number of characters

(letters, numbers, etc.) that can be used.

Algorithms – series of steps that required to be followed in order to

solve things like mathematical problems and computer processes.

Alias – an additional name given especially to famous people and

criminals.

Anecdotal – based on or consisting of reports or observations of

usually unscientific observers.

Blog –a website containing a writer's or group of writers' own

experiences, observations, opinions, etc., and often having images

and links to other websites.

Clicktivism – the use of the Internet to organize and promote political

or social causes and movements, as through posting on social media,

email campaigns, and online petitions.

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Credits – money or balance in a person's account, usually spent in

data or messaging.

Hashtags – (on social media websites) a word or phrase preceded

by a hash mark (#), used within a message to identify a keyword or

topic of interest and facilitate a search for it.

Links – an identifier added to an element that brings the user to

another webpage or application.

Mania – an excessive enthusiasm for certain things.

Medium – a channel or system of communication, information, or

entertainment.

Memes – photographs that contain texts and commonly suggest

ideas and jokes.

Microblogging – the act or practice of posting brief entries on a blog

or social media website.

Millennials – people born on the 1980s and 1990s and are inclined

when it comes on technologies.

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Networking – a supportive system of sharing information and

services among individuals and groups having a common interest.

Parliament – a legislative body of government that is responsible for

making laws and is usually present on monarchical nations.

Pop Culture – cultural activities or commercial products reflecting,

suited to, or aimed at the tastes of the general masses of people.

Pop-up Ads – a small window that appears on a screen that contains

advertisement.

Post-it-note – a piece of paper with an adhesive strip on one side,

designed to be stuck prominently to an object or surface and easily

removed when necessary.

Punchlines – words, phrases, or statements that suggest sense of

humor.

Selfies – pictures of oneself taken by oneself using either a camera

or phone and was usually posted on social media sites.

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Skeptics – people who doubt or question things such as claims and

statements.

Story – a new way of posting photos or videos that will only last for a

day.

Tweets – a message posted on the Twitter social media service and

website; the message may include text, links, photos, or videos.

Undergraduates –a student in a university or college who has not

received a first, especially a bachelor’s, degree.

Viral – becoming very popular by circulating quickly from person to

person, especially through the internet.

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter includes…

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RELATED LITERATURE

What Your Teen is Really Doing All Day on Twitter and Instagram

Danah Boyd published a book on 2014, entitled “It’s

Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens”, explores the

relationships between teenagers and the social media that they use.

This includes Twitter.

Teens use Twitter, and other social media in general, because

they have less time, money, and opportunity to hang out with friends

personally. They do not have jobs, and they need help from their

parents to go around their towns/cities. This is why Twitter is a

release valve for them, something that essential to their socialization.

Twitter, and Instagram in some cases, experiences an increase

in usage because of shifts on how much teens want to be

anonymous. Before Facebook, they want to be anonymous. When

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Facebook came, they started sharing their identity since their friends

and relatives know who they are anyway. But then, they lost privacy

from their parents or other people. They started using Twitter, where

they, most often, use aliases instead of using real names. Twitter is

an enclave where they can connect with their friends without parents

or similar authority intruding their privacy.

Twitter users sometimes have multiple accounts; each is a

home for one of their particular interest. They also rarely use links,

instead they use hashtags. They also follow and is being followed by

a few select users, which is the opposite of the majority of adults who

follow as much people as they want for popularity (Nagy, 2014).

The Real History of Twitter

The history of Twitter began from the idea of the co-founder,

Jack Dorsey in 2006, which is originally imagines this application as

an SMS-based communication. When they are brainstorming, his co-

founders, Evan Williams and Biz Stone, gave Jack the opportunity to
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pursue the project. In 2007, Twitter had the biggest growth spurt and

over 60,000 tweets are being sent by the users every day.

The reason Twitter forces a character limit on tweets is that

Twitter was initially planned as a SMS-based platform and only 140

characters were allowed on mobile carriers with SMS protocol.

Nonetheless, in 2017, Twitter increased the character limit to 280

because of the continuous development of our technology. This helps

twitter users to spend less time on thinking about how to express

themselves and get straight to the point (MacArthur, 2018).

Is Twitter the news outlet for the 21st century?

News spread quickly on Twitter. People are getting more used

on checking twitter for the latest news updates. Some even favored
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twitter as source of information rather than news department like

CNN.

Despite the rising popularity of Twitter, there is no doubt that

reports from news departments are far more credible than those on

Twitter. Information on twitter spread too fast for it to be confirmed.

As a result, fake news is becoming a common occurrence on twitter.

Almost every day, false reports spread throughout twitter (Coyle,

2019).

Politweets: The Growing Use of Twitter and Social Media for

Politics

Numbers are significant in Twitter. A content supporting a

candidate, policy or movement could have huge effect. Like when a

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person has 500 followers & they have published a post supporting a

candidate or an issue concerning a political discussion, let say at

least 100 of his followers may see the content, and 20 of them may

have changed their perception regarding the political

issue/discussion.

Whether you like it or not, lawmakers using twitter to further

spread their political agenda is functioning & will remain to be of use

by them. Trump will continue to push his agenda; his

opponents/followers will continually spread their beliefs, & tweet by

any lawmakers will circulate through the world. This is a trend that will

continue to break through the coming elections. It is also a medium

that can either improve or destroy the political world (UmhassAmhest,

2017).

Twitter as Diary
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The social media app Twitter has become a medium where

people can express their thoughts and feelings but they are not

always positive ones. According to a study that analyzed the level of

happiness of 46 billion words of 63 million people on Twitter, positive

moods of the users have been declining. The tweets were examined

by the service called Mechanical Turk.

The most common 10,000 words in English were rated by

volunteers of the site from one to nine for how happy they considered

them. Based on the study, happiness has declined over the last years

and the happiest users have been, was in the beginning of 2011. " It

does skew toward younger people and people with smartphones and

so on - but Twitter is nearly universal now," (Dodds, 2014).

Reasons Why We Should Use Twitter

Twitter is a social networking microblogging service which was

introduced by Jack Dorsey, the founder of the app and the first ever

to tweet in the year 2006(the year which twitter is released to the

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public). In the same year, it has been opened publicly which great

results to the increasing number of users each year. In 2007, early

users and tech bloggers were started to use Twitter and the service

grow every year. In over more than 200 million users of Twitter, it is

still down compared to Facebooks 1 billion users but Twitter is now

increasing in numbers closely to Facebook. Those who are the non-

users of this app, missed outs the exciting and intoxicating news

every day (Dorsey, 2014).

There are many reasons why one should use twitter. First is the

interesting people that you could connect, talk, and share your

feelings with. Twitter is not made just for people to express their

thoughts, but also to connect, to interact, to have friends and to give

opportunities to users for them to communicate with the other people

who are far and not close to them. The next reason is the hottest

issues, trends, and styles that you can get by reading and browsing

the latest posts in this network. Twitter proved to us that they are the

center of breaking news from different parts of the world. It would give
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us the opportunity to be oriented about the latest topics and important

information online.

If you are a cool, snazzy kid you will also be guided about the

latest fashion brands that you would love to buy or sell. Twitter helps

companies attract customer's attention by promoting certain products

or brands. It is like a domino effect because when something

happens like the viral of a YouTube video or even memes will surely

can look in Twitter and faster when it is used by hashtags. Most of the

celebrities are taking the opportunity of promoting their projects, films,

movie or series online. In this app, you will be able to message and

know the latest events about the celebrities that you love and know.

Also, they may even reply to your comment unlike Facebook for

example. If you are an imaginative and a creative person, you will

also love to browse and use Twitter for it is for it has every

information and news that you need. Many short stories, anecdote,

and lame jokes are posted which will surely entertain everyone. You

will surely love twitter because most contents that are posted are

direct or straight to the point because of the 140-character policy.

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Users may only use few characters to prevent readers to be

bored and to pare facts down to their core essence. You will not read

anymore articles or statements that has thousands of words. Why did

I include these reasons? It is because these reasons are also the

factors why people especially the students use Twitter and also in

their psychological aspect. In conclusion, Twitter gives many benefits

that people will surely love and admire. It gives us the latest issues,

facts, fashion trends, and the news about people that we adore

(Parrack, 2013).

Don’t Look Now, But Twitter Has Momentum with the Youth

When Twitter started, it attracted media, show business, and

tech communities, not children. It was like an open forum for them.

Then, sometime in 2014, teens suddenly preferred it over other social

media websites like Facebook and Snapchat as a perfect tool for

natural conversation.
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In Facebook, keeping up with conversations can be very

difficult. Comments are linear, and you can easily confuse one

conversation to another. They also use Messenger for

communication, but it is private and is limited to a few people. In

Snapchat, comments can only be seen by the user who made a Story

(Snapchat equivalent of a Tweet or Post), then it disappears

afterwards. In Twitter, everyone can discuss about a certain topic

freely, without having difficulty distinguishing one conversation to

another, plus everyone can contribute to the discussion “It looks like

the cocktail party of the internet might also be becoming the high

school cafeteria as well,” Gary wrote. (Vaynerchuk, 2016).

Teens Don’t Find Twitter Cool Anymore, But Most World Leaders

Do

Three-quarters of all world leaders are using twitter. This shows

its ability to directly connect people. On the other hand, according to

anecdotal evidence cited on the blog of Josh Miller, co-founder of

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Branch, teens may not be into twitter. “I guess a few kids use it but

they’re all the ones who won’t shut up in class, those who think they

have something to say,” Miller’s sister said. It is surprising, though it

shows that Twitter can still expand. It has to yet unlock its potential to

attract more audience, especially teenagers (TJD, 2013).

Teenagers would rather not use Twitter, given that using it costs

credit (internet or data), not to mention downloading and updating it.

They also said no one is viewing their profile, so tweeting is pointless.

Pop-up ads can also be a nuisance. They would rather be using

direct messaging (texting), or read news on TV or the internet. Money

is instead usually used on other media (Kollewe, 2009).

Psychology of Twitter

Twitter is a social media application that allows an individual to

communicate with other people using only 140 characters. Its service

is broadly used by the youth. It is simply a worldwide non-stop

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conversation done online. Twitter has an online conversation, called

direct messages, that is effortlessly accessible to anyone.

This social media application supports other applications and

websites make tweeting easy like posting blogs, articles, and videos

from other sites. Twitter allows us to have a public conversion outside

of chat rooms. Humans are engage in conversational talking and

most of us are not authors who write books, articles and blogs so

Twitter’s service gives us permit to imitate our daily conversational

talk in an online medium (Grohol, 2018).

Twitter and its negative impact on young adults

Twitter has negative effects on its users. According to Michael

C. Burton, there are growing signs that excessive use of direct

messaging, especially Twitter, leads to an erosion of the English

language… teachers are noticing more punctuation errors, spelling

mistakes, and inconsistent capitalization usually found only in text

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messages and Twitter posts. More students are failing English exams

due to a lack of basic grammar skills.” This shows that Twitter affects

the grammar and the vocabulary of the application users. They lose

their capability to construct strong sentences due to the lack of space

on a Twitter post.

It influences the daily lives of the students and their works at

school. A few may disapprove to this fact due to their belief that

Twitter benefit teens to become more innovative and concise.

Nevertheless, this application is like a post-it-note which can be an

advantage to some users who post a brief note or updates, though it

doesn't completely get one's finished point over (I am more, 2012).

How does Twitter influence how we communicate?

Twitter also influence the way we communicate. The limited

characters power a brisk tone in messages and kills the presence of

subtlety. This can be reduced through "threaded tweets,” however

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their viability relies upon how the gathering of people gets the

message.

The quickness of Twitter enables individuals to distribute

through more "continuous flow" opinion as opposed to increasingly

considered and sharpened "official" explanations. On Twitter, truth is

increasingly moldable and dinky, taking into consideration further

probability of gathering of people individuals perusing a similar

message in totally unique ways (Paulas, 2017).

Advantages and disadvantages of Twitter

Twitter has become an essential application to our everyday

lives, specifically the youths because it allows them to efficiently

create a Twitter profile. The genuine uniqueness of Twitter compared

with other social media app like Facebook is its effortlessness and

clear methodology.
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Twitter helps students to be more straightforward in a concise

manner which can be an excellent skill for them. Another benefit of

this social media application for students is that it can help them to be

updated with what is happening to our surrounding through tweets

that have news articles, reports and some informative links. With this,

it can expand student’s knowledge and can help them in their

education.

On the negative side, Twitter can likewise divert students who

are engaging in their studies. They can lose control in using Twitter

and be an addict. As a result of this, their grades may suffer. Some

students are not vigilant of what they are posting and sharing on

Twitter. It is essential to really think before you tweet something.

Twitter also has a negative impact on the psychology of students

which turns out to be a depressive effect (Slideshare, 2014).

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The following are the advantages of having twitter account

Twitter let us share information ranging from important news to

funny jokes. This sharing capability gave Twitter users numerous

advantages and benefits.

Twitter enables people to stay connected with their loved ones.

By sharing daily happenings, people let their families and friends in

touch with them.

By regularly opening Twitter, people can stay updated about

current issues in our society. Since Twitter contains a vast amount of

information, Twitter users can visit it to gain knowledge about things

like product and destinations.

Reasons You Absolutely Need to Be On Twitter

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Many people do not fully understand what Twitter is. This is the

reason why many do not even want to use it. But little do they know,

Twitter does more than what we think.

If you want to keep yourself updated on news about your

favorite pop cultures (music & films), famous personalities, sports,

and even about the latest happenings, Twitter will be very beneficial

for you.

If you are that kind of person who was sense of humor, Twitter

is a perfect way to entertain yourself. Jokes and punchlines circulate

around Twitter.

Twitter only allows limited number of characters for a post. This

make every shared content shot, concise, and can be easily

understood (Hamburger, 2011).

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Why Are Teens So Addicted to Twitter?

Nowadays, teens became so obsessed on using Twitter. A large

percentage of Twitter users are teenagers. This growing Twitter

mania among teens can be explained psychologically.

Social media like Twitter give kids and teens connection with

other people which will be very useful for the development of their

identity. Another reason why teens love Twitter so much is because it

gives them direct connection with their favored celebrities. Twitter is

basically giving teens what they want.

But all of these pleasures brought by social media come at a

price. Teens became so attached to it that they spend most of their

time on it. It deprives teens a chance to improve academic

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performance, sleep, and personal interactions. That’s why spending

some time out of the internet is important (Peters, 2014).

Why Has Twitter Become So Popular?

Twitter & Facebook are different in some ways, both take

advantage of what they’re good at to gain fame & users. Facebook is

about dealing with users you know, publishing updates, viewing

images & staying in touch. Twitter has this component as well, but it

lets you do it with complete strangers. Users are given the experience

of who they want to follow & who they deal with. Which is more eye

catching? A baby picture from your co-worker or updates from your

favorite sports team & comedian?

The good thing that Twitter has is that when it gets a sense of

who you are & your interests, it will recommend other users for you to

follow that also have the same hobbies you like. Importantly, it is
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taking every bits of information from you & turning them into relevant

experiences for you as an individual (Howe, 2013).

How Does Twitter Decide What Is Trending?

Twitter’s algorithm on trends is decided by looking through

sharp spikes rather than steady & sustained development, data

scientist Gilad Lotan has said. Trends are decided by a combination

of volume & how much it takes to create that volume.

In Washington, a post article “Why Didn’t #FreddieGray Trend

on Twitter?” is widely talked about. It is because the amount of posts

using this hashtag built up overtime, the size of volume increased at

same speed of traffic. Since there were no spikes in the use of that

hashtag, it didn’t trend, the Twitter conversation simply formed

overtime (Needle, 2016).

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How Twitter has changed the world

All attention is on twitter, after the social networking site

revealed its fourth-quarter profit. After having a revenue of $910M & a

net loss of $90M, shares were down by more than 11%. Twitter

campaigns brought awareness to the 267 Chibok girls that were

kidnapped. After a few weeks, the hashtag had already been used a

million times. The question if this “clicktivism” really does make a

change or are the users just doing this so they may feel that they are

doing something positive. With these millions of hashtags & retweets,

the international attention was caught, otherwise it will just be some

issue that was left hanging, if it were not for the hashtag.

To some skeptics, it may seem like Twitter is just for selfies,

ramblings & food shots. But with these, a person named Virgin had

donated over 300,000 meals through the help of #mealformeal

campaign. And another #NoMakeUpSelfie campaign had raised

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millions of cancer study. They’re just one of those online actions that

can turn into a positive change in the real world (Thomson, 2016).

Positive Effects of Using Twitter

As we can prove the many negative effects of using Twitter, it

also has positive effects to the users. In the present society we are

living, most of the people that are more focus in networking, social

media, communicating and even working through the internet have

positive outcomes and benefits to the people who are using it. One of

the positive effects is the way in how we interact with people including

strangers are developed and improved. With this continuous

interactions and communication, we probably become more

successful in our life. Through this our networking skills enhances as

time passed by so in the future we are able to achieve in having and

accommodating many clients, jobs and especially properties.

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Caroline Haythornthwaite and Lori Kendall, the two professors

from the University of Illinios who studied computer mediated

communication and the internet. They believe socializing especially

on twitter can cause positive effects to the youth. Haythornthwaite

stated that, “in its earliest incarnation, the online world was

considered separate, and it was not viewed as a serious venue for

work or business. But as more people have come online, the more

online communication has become the norm. So it isn’t thought of as

a separate realm anymore, but one that merges and overlaps with

our daily activities.” What she is trying to tell is before, the real world

is separate from the online world and they thought that it is

impossible to do jobs online. Also, as people explore the online world

the more they interact and communicate with other people and today

we believe that they become one because it is part of our daily

activities and more in our jobs (Brittany498, 2012).

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Why Twitter?

In the old days, snapchat is popular because of secret

conversations that parents can’t trace but in the other hand, Twitter is

like an open forum through by tweeting about what is your status right

now or what are you feeling right now and all of the users can see

those. That’s why people chose snapchat than twitter and they only

need on Twitter is to follow the celebrities and other popular people

and not by communication. On the show #AskGaryVee Show of

Garry Vaynerchuck, he had two teen co-host and they talk about how

musical.ly explodes with the teens. So he asked Ariel and Ariana in

what is the most popular app in their High School life. They answered

that it is Twitter and Garry was shocked because he was expecting

that the two co-hosts will answer either Snapchat or Musical.ly.

After the show, he searched for information and he concluded

that there is a rising happens in the growth of the Twitter users. So

Garry made an early thesis of “Twitter has momentum with teenagers

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because it provides a platform for natural communication.” On other

social media like Snapchat and Facebook, most of the conversations

there is one-on-one or in private messages. For example, when you

post a story in Snapchat and someone commented in your post, only

you can see it and it will disappear after some time. While in

Facebook, it is hard to follow the conversation in the comment section

in what you have posted or shared.

There is also in Facebook’s Messenger of the people sharing

their status privately. So if there will be a scenario in High School of a

gossip about the biggest break-up of the popular students in your

school, there will be too many news about this in all of the social

media apps, but Twitter will be the largest source of their news. What

is good in Twitter, is they allow all of the users to open up

conversations they want, to post a status that all of the members of

the community can see and they can share their thoughts, feelings

and even pictures and videos (Vaynerchuk, 2016).

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Suicide Will Never Be an Option

Social media, especially Twitter, somehow is the cause of an

individual to commit suicide. There is an incident of a student at

Rosenberg’s BF Terry High School in the USA who committed suicide

because no one believes and listen to her. Her name is Ashley

Billasano. Six hours before she took her life, she posted 144 tweets

that there are 500 people who can see these tweets. She is trying to

reach out and to get someone who will listen to her but no one did.

For the sake of her, policemen removed all of her tweets and made

her death unclear to all. The main reason why she comes up in this

situation because before, she experienced to be molested or sexually

harassed and she has been forced to be a prostitute. She also

experienced that police who are in authority who didn’t believe in

what she said about the misdeed things that happened to her by

other people and didn’t take any actions to this. This is very

disappointing. .
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We cannot blame all of her 500 followers for taking an action in

what is happening in the 6 hours of her tweeting. Some are just

scrolling down and ignoring it and there are innocent users who do

not understand what is happening. Also, not all of her followers are

her friends and not all the time the users are online. But it is

disappointing to the users who saw her tweets that didn’t take a move

to help her, cheer her up and making her feel that she is not alone

In this incident we learned that we are more focusing on cyber-

bullying than “cyber-helping”, due to this we are not fully educated in

this. For this to attain we need to let our parents, teachers or other

adults who already have experiences for to help us when we cannot

take our struggles and problems so that we will not come up to this

kind of incident (Blair, 2011).

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Advantages & Disadvantages of Twitter

In an article published online by Wagner (2018) entitled Twitter

is wondering whether Twitter is bad for society, he argued that we

have seen and experienced troll armies, misinformation campaigns,

abuse, and harassment on the contents being posted and shared on

Twitter. Hence, Twitter had a plan of measuring health conversations

just what like Facebook is trying to do.

Moreover, he stated that there are indicators that Twitter could

use in measuring the health conversations of its users: (a) Shared

attention; (b) Shared reality; (c) Variety; (d) Receptivity. Twitter also

sought help by issuing a request for proposal (RFP) to cast the widest

net possible for great ideas and implementations of the said

indicators.
 40

Twitter as an Education Instrument

We are very familiar with different social networking sites,

particularly Twitter. Some views Twitter as a cliché social media

platform before, but now, it is considered as a medium of educating

today’s generation. We use Twitter to express what we feel or even

what we think. But as time passes by, they innovate it and use it as a

way of engaging with students. One of its example is the poll

questions, wherein everybody may engage and answer it. There are

also instances where one will ask a question by simply tweeting it and

you can answer by just replying on his tweet.

Some teachers use these techniques to improve their

engagement with their students. In actuality, one of Twitter’s feature

force students to summarize their thoughts because of the limited

140-characters. Since it is limited, students tend to wrap up all their

ideas and just point out important details. Twitter also creates young

journalists, students engage and participate on current issues and

news. Somehow, it also became a way of communicating with some

 41

professional people. Students interact with working individual which

may be their mentor on their future path. Undeniably, Twitter

influences students by expanding and nurturing them with information

and knowledge.

The Effects & Use of Twitter

Chris Buddle discussed the effects of Twitter in the learning

process and participation of students in his article for the Arthropod

Ecology in 2015. According to Buddle, there are many positive stories

about Twitter being used in education. In his field biology class, they

tried to discuss the effects and usefulness of Twitter. In their survey,

they have found out the following: a) The students tweeted 200%

more than what was being asked as part of their school work; b) They

use Twitter in many ways from casual conversation to topics involving

their courses; c) They use the 56% of the time in communicating with

their instructors, 27% with their peers, and 17% with people not
 42

involved in their courses; d) The 94 % (either ‘yes’ or ‘somewhat’) felt

that communication among their groups is useful to their learning,

and 78% felt that because of Twitter, they were able to communicate

more; e)The 67% (either ‘yes’ or ‘somewhat’) of them answered that

Twitter created an effect on how they participate with their courses; f)

The 78% (either ‘yes’ or ‘somewhat’) answered that Twitter is a good

instrument in helping them learn in the classroom.

Buddle and his group also found that most of the students

claimed that after the class, they prefer to use other social media

tools like Facebook; however, they also said that Twitter is still useful

despite them having their own personal opinions. The results of their

research are great and suggested that there are positive reasons to

use Twitter and other social media tools in an undergraduate class.

Buddle also reminded that Twitter is not a tool for all, and that it might

not be useful in all contexts, but the results of their survey says

something about the important role of Twitter in helping to develop

 43

more engagement among students. It also helps create a new form of

learning society which can include good audiences from around the

world (DeGroot,,Young, &Vanslette, 2015).

Twitter’s Negative Effects

There is negative effect/downside of using Twitter. Spending too

much time on long range informal communication locales could be

antagonistically influencing your temperament. Indeed, you're bound

to report poor emotional well-being, including indications of tension

and sadness. So how to utilize web based life without causing

yourself mental pain? On the off chance that you swing to a similar

research (and presence of mind), the prescribed measure of time you

ought to spend on informal organizations is 30 minutes out of each

day. Along these lines, as with such a large number of things

throughout everyday life, it's about balance. Prior to internet based

life, harassing was something just done eye to eye. Nonetheless,

presently, somebody can be harassed online secretly. Today

 44

everybody comprehends what cyberbullying is, and a large portion of

us have seen what it can do to an individual. Also, since screens

shroud our faces, you can even be a yank on destinations like Reddit

without acknowledging it.

While web based life made making companions simpler, it

additionally made it less demanding for predators to discover

unfortunate casualties. The obscurity that informal communities give

can be utilized by the culprits to pick up individuals' trust and after

that threaten them before their companions.

a. These online assaults regularly leave profound mental scars

and even drive individuals to suicide sometimes. You will be

astounded to discover that cyberbullying isn't simply influencing

children, yet in addition full developed grown-ups.

 45

On the off chance that you are being bothered on the web,

realize that you're not the only one, and that you can make strides so

as to get back your respect.

b. Dread of Passing up a major opportunity (FOMO) is a marvel

that was conceived in the meantime as Facebook—and it's a

standout amongst the most widely recognized negative impacts of

internet based life. FOMO is fundamentally a type of uneasiness that

you get when you're frightened of passing up a positive ordeal or

feelings that another person is getting. CITATION

This dread is continually filled by your online networking

commitment. The more you utilize informal communities, the almost

certain you are to see that somebody is having some good times that

you are at the present time. Also, that is actually what causes FOMO.
 46

c. This one likely does not shock anyone, yet online life causes

you to shape unreasonable desires forever and fellowships. The

systems that do it most are Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat.

Those are the web based life stages that extremely need online

credibility.

One basic way out of this is for everybody to stop lying via web-

based networking media. However, in the period of Instagram famous

people and YouTubers who procure millions, that won't occur at any

point in the near future.

d. Over expanded rates of tension and discouragement,

investing excessively energy in web based life can prompt poor rest.

Various investigations have appeared expanded utilization of internet

based life negatively affects your rest quality. If you have an

inclination that your rest designs have turned out to be sporadic and

this is influencing your profitability, attempt and abstain from investing

 47

a lot of energy in web based life. On the off chance that despite

everything you experience difficulty resting, here are some more

traps to assist you with sleeping calmly.

e. Online life is frequently depicted as being more addictive

than cigarettes and liquor. With the most noticeably bad online

networking applications being Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat

with regards to enslavement. Don't know whether you're dependent

on your informal organizations? Think when was the last time you

went an entire day without checking your online life accounts?

Imagine a scenario in which your most loved informal organizations

totally vanished tomorrow; would it make you feel vacant and

discouraged. On the off chance that you simply acknowledged you're

dependent via web-based networking media, don't stress, as the

greater part of us are there with you in fluctuating degrees. What's

more, it's not really motivation to go and clear yourself off each one of

those interpersonal interaction stages.

 48

Be that as it may, on the off chance that you think stopping is

the best answer for you, we won't stop you. Actually, one of our

authors took a stab at stopping online life once, and it was a

fascinating background (Zhukova, 2018).

Philippines has 9.5M Twitter users, ranks 10th

Seven years ago, the Philippines became the top ten among

the list of countries with the highest number of Twitter users. More

than nine million people in the Philippines are Twitter users. This

achievement show how active Filipinos are when it comes to social

networking sites. Filipinos’ active engagement on social media was

observed during calamities like floods. Filipino internet users spread

crucial information about the situation through Twitter and helped a lot

of affected citizens as a result. (Montecillo, 2012)

 49

#WhatsHappening: Here's how Pinoys use hashtags.

Today marks the 11th birth of hashtag in the Philippines. Since

then, Filipinos have created record-breaking hashtags that have been

popular not only in the Philippines but also around the world. Twitter

has been a place for brand campaigns. Discussion about these

brands are driven by hashtags. These hashtags are also used in

expressing one’s love & support for an idol. It keeps a huge role in

updating people on national news & stories, government agencies

also use this. Filipinos also make use of hashtags to have their

sentiment about a competition, national celebration or advocacies

(ABS-CBN News, 2018).

Twitter in The Philippines

Twitter, one of the social media app in the world is on ongoing

growth in numbers of users in South East Asia. ArvinderGujral,

Twitter’s managing director and senior business director in the

Philippines, informed the journalist in the manila that the population

 50

growth of twitter users increased by 12% and the fact is in South East

Asian Region especially the Philippines are the big contributors of this

growth. Twitter was established in 2006 and in this year they

experienced the struggle in their profit because they were just starting.

But in 2017 the effect in the increase of the twitter users, they have

their first ever big profit. Gujral also stated that twitter is in continues

growth in the past 5 quarters of the year and over 330 million are

active users in the world.

According to Gurjal, most of the users in the Philippines are

millennials and there is an equal user between males and females

which is unusual because, in other social media, males are more to be

the users. Entertainment such as television shows and competition,

sports, news and announcements for the government are the areas

where the users are interested. Due to the enjoyment in tweeting and

reading series of tweets, Twitter changed their policies of 140-

 51

character limitation in composing a tweet to 280 characters for the

users to stay and to continue in tweeting (Camus, 2018).

RELATED STUDIES

Comparison Between Users

When social media rose to be a new way of communication and

entertainment, it convinced the teachers, professors and other

educators in hoping that students will come up to higher grades in

using Twitter. This research analyzes the usage of the students even

the undergraduates in using Twitter. What students do in using twitter

is to gather different information and not for educational purposes.

Social networking sites can be described as a system that provides

information, source of links and also communications. This also can

be used as sharing tool in discoveries and gathering its information

and also there will exchange of ideas.

 52

As the result of this research, it is proved that there are

differences of the usage of academics’ using Twitter compared to the

use of Twitter by the undergraduate youths. It is proved, students use

Twitter more in educational purpose than in using for entertainment

and vice versa for those who didn’t finish their school. Twitter has a

great potential for the youths especially for education. Today, Twitter

is used poorly but in the future it will happen to have an increase in

using this app. This leads to a greater outcome in their education in

effect of their learning skills are enhanced. The outcomes define that

this topic needs more to further research by asking them what are

their reasons about choosing to use Twitter or not (Kaye & Knight,

2016).

Twitter politics is no substitute for ideas and strong campaigns

The digital economy has disturbed old ways of dealing works in

every sector of the economy, every profession, & every office. Politics
 53

is no exception, although the impact of new telecommunications has

not been as distressing in parliament as it was, example, in the music

& film management, where analogue work dropped.

The Internet creates a new ground where electoral battles can

be lost or won. This thing was observed in the last general election in

2010, it was a rather more established means of television that had a

huge impact on the political agendas (Ebscohost, 2007).

Effects of Social Network Use on Happiness, Psychological

Well-being, and Life Satisfaction of High School Students: Case

of Facebook and Twitter

The study’s goal is to determine if social network site (SNS)

usage of high school students can show their levels of psychological

well-being, happiness, and life satisfaction. In order to know the SNS

 54

usage, the question “To what extend to you use Facebook and Twitter

in a day?” was asked, and results were examined and processed.

Four-hundred fifty-nine high school students in the Bolu District of

Turkey was examined. Based on the results, the use of SNS

predicted the students’ happiness, psychological well-being, and life

satisfaction.

Based on findings, SNS usage made students happy. It is to

note that having smart phones are essential to teenagers, especially

students. Social network sites are important in their communications.

The higher the number of friends in Facebook and Followers in

Twitter, the more students feel happy. It also reduces depression. It

also made students satisfied with their lives, though there are studies

that show the opposite. SNS use also shows positive results when it

comes to the psychological well-being of students. This is because

SNS gives more social benefit and social control, and improving their

mood.
 55

Technology is currently improving quickly, connecting people in

any age, gender and race. Social media helps adolescents feel

limitless freedom of expression. Support from such sites fortifies their

confidence, though they may end up being lost in an imaginary reality

where they control everything. This is why personal communication is

also important, and SNS use should also be limited (Dogan, 2016).

The Study of Twitter as a Social Media App

This study examine the college student interpretation of

instructor credibility based on instructor’s twitter feed and based on

student opinion about twitter as a communication tool. They apply

qualitative and quantitative methods to research the effect of twitter

feeds on student perception and instructor credibility and investigates

how students perceive twitter as teaching or education tool. Study

proposed that qualitative result suggest that profile with professional

content was most credible. Qualitative conclude that twitter may be

 56

advantage and hindrance for instructors. Twitter is a communication

tool that an individual can use but the advantages and disadvantages

depends on how the user used that media application.

Twitter is a social media tool that allow us to send and receive

messages no more than 140 characters in length, called “tweets”. As

time passed by many individuals use twitter and it continuously

growing.

It continuously grows so that more instructor are began to

examine with Twitter as a communication tool, and many educators

use social media inside and outside of the classroom. A recent survey

found out that 70% use social media for personal use, 55% use

Twitter for professional purposes, and 41% use social media in class.

This study aims were twofold: to qualitatively investigate perceived

differences in based on the content of a hypothetical instructor’s

Twitter feed, and to qualitatively and qualitatively examine

 57

perceptions of credibility and Twitter use to recognize what student

think about instructor who use twitter.

#WhyWeTweetMH: Understanding Why People Use Twitter to

Discuss Mental Health Problems

Twitter is a microblogging site where you can respond to other

posts by retweeting, replying, or liking. However, Twitter has been

used to release anger, sadness, and problems. As a result, high rates

of Twitter use are likewise apparent by people who encounter mental

health issues. Some disagree to this statement and some said that

there is no relationship between mental health problems and the

usage of social media. There is minimal experimental research

looking at reasons why people use Twitter to examine mental health

issues.

Based on J Mad Internet Res. 2017, Twitter was specifically

chosen as the social media platform of interest due to the prevalence

 58

and popularity of discourse surrounding mental health that is evident

on the website. Their study shows that most of the Twitter users

discuss their problems online because of their personal experiences

of having mental health problems (Eysenbach, 2017).

A cross-national study of Twitter users’ motivations and

continuance intentions

Twitter is a social media platform that allows people to share

updates to their followers. Some use it for business purposes.

They’re using Twitter to gain access to their customer and to promote

brands and products. Some people just want to use Twitter for

entertainment purposes.

There are many reasons that motivates people to use Twitter.

The most common of these motivations is social interaction and

exchange. Entertainment is also a major motivating factor for Twitter

users (Basmanova, Pentina& Zhang, 2016).

 59

CHAPTERS III

Methods of Research

This part of the study introduces the research design,

techniques and instruments used in data processing, respondent’s

data, sampling and data gathering procedures employed in collecting

and interpreting the given data.

Research Design

The research design that the researchers found suitable for the

topic is Qualitative Research, particularly the Phenomenology design.

Using this, they will be able to determine the reasons why Twitter,

once obscure, somehow found its way to the youth. Descriptive

 60

Research can either be quantitative or qualitative based on AECT.

The researchers conducted a survey on JHS students who use

Twitter to determine why they use the platform (Baraceros, 2016).

In choosing the respondents, the researchers chose Purposive

Sampling. This is used when trying to obtain a particular subset of

people. Purposive sampling starts with a purpose in mind and a

sample is thus selected to include people of interest and exclude

those who do not suit the purpose (Straker, 2018).

Population and Sample

The population were the Junior High School students of MDSF,

ranges from Grades 7-10. Using the purposive sampling method, the

researchers chose respondents who are using Twitter because they

 61

will only be the ones that will be able to answer the questions in this

study.

Research Instrument

The survey comprises of thirteen (13) questions made to

determine how frequent and for how long they use Twitter, how they

use the social media, who and what made them use the app, and

what made Twitter special for them. The questionnaire also touches

the Twitter extension Curious Cat. For all but two questions, the

researchers gave at least 4 choices and gave them the freedom to

write their own answer if it is not included in the choices.

Data Gathering and Procedure

In order to obtain the data that the researchers will use as basis

for our research, they will provide a survey form to the Twitter users

we selected from the method mentioned above. They will then tally
 62

the responses in order to have a statistical data that we will use as

basis for their research.

Respondent’s Profile

The respondents consist of 287 students from the population of

JHS students of MDSF who volunteered to answer our questionnaire.

Most use Twitter regularly, with a few exceptions that use at least

once a month

Data Analysis and Statistical Treatment

The data that will be presented has been computed and validated by

the following formulas:

Percentage

This is used to find the relative frequency or the percentage of people

who answered a particular choice.

 63

P= ( nf ) ×100

Where:

f is the frequency

n is the sample size

Weighted Mean

Used to find the weighted average of all the responses. Essentially, it

means the summation of all the frequencies divided by the sample

size (Stephanie, 2014).

 64

∑ f (x)
n

Where:

∑ is the summation

f (x) are the frequencies

n is the sample size

Standard Deviation

The standard deviation is a measure of the spread of scores within a

set of data (from statistics.laerd.com, 2018).

√
2
∑ f ( x − x́ )
n−1

Where:

∑ is the summation

f ( x−x́ ) are the frequencies minus the mean

n is the sample size

 65

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Sex of the Respondents

Table 1 Sex of the Respondents

This chapter includes…

Sex x f Rf% fx Mean SD f(x-x)2

Male 1 96 36.23 96 39.32

% 1.64 0.48
Femal 2 169 63.77 338 21.90
 66

e %
The table shows that majority of the respondents are female

with the relative frequency of 63.77 % compared to male respondents

whose relative frequency is 36.23%.

How often do you use Twitter?

180
160
140
120
100
80 Respondents
60
40
20
0
ay ek ek ek th th
r yd we we we on on
e a a a m m
Ev es es es ea ea
Ti
m
Ti
m
Ti
m c ic
6 4 2 On Tw
5- 3- 1-

Figure 1 Times People Manage Twitter

The graph shows that most of the respondents make use of

Twitter everyday as illustrated in the graph above with a 64.2% of

 67

relative frequency, while 10.7% of the them use Twitter 1–2 times a

week. 8.12% of them manage twitter once a month. 7.38% of the

students handle Twitter 5–6 times a week while 6.27% use it 3–4

times a week. Lastly, 3.32% of the answerers use Twitter just twice a

month

Why do you use Twitter?

160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20 Respondents
0
s

os

ts

rs

es

gs

rs
ate
nd

he

he
os

liv

lin
de
Tre

pd

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ow

in
nd

he

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in

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ter

i ca
ag

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t
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en
m

un

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ted
i

ew

pi
m
st

,o
m

da
po

vi

co

ht
up
To
To

ig
To

be

ns
To

ei
ar
sh
To

Figure 2 Purpose of Twitter

The graph shows that most of the respondents use Twitter to

know trends with a relative frequency of 53.96%. 48.68% of the

 68

interviewees use Twitter to view entertaining posts and 45.28% use it

to share insights, opinions and feelings. While 36.23% of them

manage it to be updated of others’ lives and 29.06% of them handle

Twitter to communicate with others. Lastly, 21.13% use it to post

images and videos. Others said that they use twitter for stalking and

following someone and to be updated on their favorite celebrities.

How does Twitter affect you?

250
200
150
100
50
0
Respondents

Figure 3 Effects of Twitter

The graph illustrates that most of the respondents believe that

Twitter greatly influence them by keeping them entertained with a

 69

relative frequency of 81.13%, some also believe that Twitter helps

them to relieve their stress and anxiety with a relative frequency of

40%, others understand that Twitter increases their self-esteem with

a relative frequency of 15.09% and only a few believes that Twitter

affects them negatives towards relationship with others with a relative

frequency of 6.42%.

How long do you use Twitter?

120

100

80

60
Respondents
40

20

0
ur ur
s
ur
s
ur
s
ur
s
ur
s
ho ho ho ho ho ho
an -2 -4 -6 -8 n
8
n 1 3 5 7
tha tha
s e
Le
s or
M

Figure 4 Time Spent on Twitter

The bar graph indicates that majority of the respondents’ usage

of Twitter is less than an hour with a relative frequency of 43.77%,

 70

while 26.79% of them use it for 1–2 hours. 19.25% spends 3–4 hours

managing it, 6.04% use it for 5–6 hours, and only a handful use

Twitter for 7–8 hours with 1.5% of relative frequency. Lastly, those

who utilize Twitter for more than 8 hours compose the remaining

3.4%.

Who influence you to use Twitter?

Family; 4.88%
Others; 7.67%
Advertisements;
No one; 2.44%
4.88%

Trends; 29.62%

Friends; 50.52%

Fa mi l y Advertis ements Fri ends

Trends No one Others

Figure 5 Usual Twitter Influencers

The pie is composed of 6 areas. Majority of the interviewees

are influenced by their friends with a relative frequency of 54.72%. in

 71

the other hand some were affected by trends with a relative

frequency of 32.08%. 8.3% of the answerers were influenced by their

idols. Family and Advertisements have the same relative frequency of

5.28%. A handful of respondents said that they just want to use

Twitter and no one influenced them.

At what age did you start using Twitter?

160
140
120
100
80 Respondents
60
40
20
0
ld ld ld ld ld
so sr o so sr o so
a r a ar a ar
ye ye ye ye ye
-7 0 3 6 9
5 -1 -1 -1 -1
8 11 14 17

Figure 6 Age of Introduction to Twitter

As shown in the figure, majority of the respondents started

using Twitter when they are 11–13 years old with a relative frequency
 72

of 56.23%, other started using it when they are 14 – 16 years old with

a relative frequency of 28.68%, some of the interviewees began

Twitter when they are in their 8–10 years of age with a relative

frequency of 11.32%, few of them say that they started at 5 – 7 years

old and 17 – 19 years old with a relative frequency of 1.13% and

0.38% respectively.

Can you spend a day without using Twitter?

28.74%

71.26%

Yes No

Figure 7 A Day Without Twitter

The pie presents that majority of the respondents can spend a

day without using Twitter with a relative frequency of 70.19%

compared to some who said that they can’t spend a day without using
 73

Twitter whose relative frequency is 29.81%. Those who said that they

can spend a day without Twitter, their common reason is that it is not

really necessary for their daily lives and that there are other more

entertaining social media app that they can use rather than Twitter.

Those who can’t spend a day without Twitter said that it became part

of their daily routine and therefore their lives.

Respondents
140
120
100
80
60
40 Respondents
20
0
t
ng

lf

ns
s

rs
tes

es

ee
ke

se

he
su
io

Tw
gi
uo

Jo

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og

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Is
Q

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yo

Op

n'
Bl

al
ve

Do
t

ci
ou
Lo

So
ab

d
tes

an
da

cs
Up

l i ti
Po

Figure 8 Tweet Subjects

The graph indicates that most of the respondents’ tweets are all

about their personal opinions with a relative frequency of 45.66%,

interviewees who tweet about love quotes has a relative frequency of

 74

42.64%, around 40.75% of them post about their updates of their life.

Other users’ tweets are all about jokes with a relative frequency of

36.98%, while some are about their blogs with a relative frequency of

16.23%. Only few tweets about political and social issues and

minority of the respondents don’t tweet anything in their account.

Others tweet about rants, life problems, and their favorite celebrities.

How many followers do you have?

160

140

120

100 Respondents
80

60

40

20

0
Below 50 50 - 150 151 - 251 252 - 352 353 - 453454 and above

Figure 9 Number of Followers Twitter-users Usually Have

The graph shows that majority of the respondents have around

50 – 150 followers in their Twitter account with a relative frequency of

 75

54.72%, other respondents have about 151 – 251 followers with a

relative frequency of 15.47%, while 9.43% of the respondents has

approximately 252 – 352 followers, and 7.17% of them possess

followers of more or less 454 and above. Few of the respondents

have below 50 and 353 – 453 followers with a relative frequency of

4.9% and 2.64% respectively.

What drives you to use the app Curious Cat?

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Respondents

Figure 10 Reasons to Use Curious Cat

The bar graph illustrates that the bulk of the respondents use

the app Curious Cat because it keeps them entertained with a relative

frequency of 45.66%. Others say that they want to know how others

feel about them with a relative frequency of 35.85%, 16.98% of them

 76

want to be engaged with others, 12.08% of them believes that

Curious Cat removes their anxiety with others, 10.94% of them

believes that it helps them improve their behavior, and 10.19% of

them says that it increases their self-confidence, while 11.32% of the

answerers are not using the app Curious Cat. Others said that they

use it to be updated while some said that they are just influenced by

friends to use it.

At what year did you start using Twitter?

120

100

80

60 Respondents

40

20

0
7 9 1 3 5 7 9
00 00 01 01 01 01 01
-2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2
06 08 10 12 14 16 18
20 20 20 20 20 20 20

Figure 11 Year of Introduction to Twitter

 77

The graph indicates that majority of the respondents started

using Twitter in 2016 – 2017 with a relative frequency of 42.26%,

others only started currently this 2018 – 2019 with a relative

frequency of 28.3%, some of them began in 2014 – 2015 with a

relative frequency of 15.09%, other respondents said that they started

in 2012 – 2013 with a relative frequency of 7.55%, and some say that

they started in 2010 – 2011 with a relative frequency of 2.64%, while

few of the respondents started in 2006 – 2009 with a relative

frequency of 1.5%.

How many people do you follow on Twitter?

160

140

120

100 Respondents
80

60

40

20

0
0 - 49 50 - 150 151 - 251 252 - 352 353 - 453454 and above
 78

Figure 12 Number of People Twitter-users Usually Follow

The graph shows that most of the respondents follow 50 – 150

people on Twitter with a relative frequency of 57.85%, others say that

they subscribe 151 – 251 people on Twitter with a relative frequency

of 18.39%, 9.58% of the respondents follow 252 – 352 people on

Twitter, 3.83% of them support 353 – 453 people on Twitter, 5.75% of

the interviewees follow more than 453, while 4.6% of the respondents

only follow less than 50 people on Twitter.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS
 79

This chapter includes the summary of findings, conclusions of

the results, and recommendation for the ones who can benefit based

on the study.

SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS

1. Majority of the respondents are female, while 36.23% of the

respondents are male.

2. Most of the respondents use Twitter every day.

3. Most of the respondents use Twitter to know trends, in addition,

Twitter’s purpose for them is for viewing entertaining posts. And only

a few of the respondents use Twitter to post images and videos.

4. Most of the respondents believe that Twitter keeps them

entertained.

5. Majority of the respondents use Twitter in less than an hour.

6. More than half of the respondents admit that their friends influence

them to use Twitter.

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7. Most of the respondents started using Twitter in the age of 11-13

years old.

8. Majority of the respondents can spend a day without using twitter,

while 29.81% of the respondents admit that they can’t spend a day

without using Twitter.

9. Most of the respondents’ Tweets are about their personal opinions.

10. More than half of the respondents have 50–150 followers in

Twitter and only a handful has 353–453 followers in Twitter.

11. Almost half of the respondents use the app Curious Cat to keep

them entertained and only 11.32% of the respondents are not using

this app.

12. Majority of the respondents started using Twitter in the year

2016–2017 and the least respondents started during 2006–2007.

CONCLUSIONS
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Superiority of students and teenagers today are inclined in

social media. Twitter is currently one of the most popular and most

used social media application. It keeps the user entertained and

updated in what is happening in our society and in other’s lives. It

allows students to freely express themselves more on the Internet

with only their close friends seeing these “Tweets”. Unfortunately,

Twitter has negative effects on users especially to those who are

addicted in it. Internet is never private, anyone can access your

account and profile with just one click. They can easily get

information about you without your permission.

Nonetheless, Twitter can be of help in relieving stress and

anxiety for those students who are not sociable. It boosts their self-

esteem and it improves their relationship with others. It can also

develop their social skills.

RECOMMENDATIONS
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On the basis of the findings and conclusions presented, listed

are the recommendations offered by the researchers in the

phenomenology of using Twitter to Junior High School students.

For the students, who are inclined and affected in using

Twitter, they should be aware of the risk of using social media

applications. They should be more conscious in what they are posting

and sharing. By simply having self-discipline, they can lessen the

negative effects of using Twitter.

For the parents, they should monitor their children more and be

updated in their child’s online activities. They can also download this

Twitter app to be knowledgeable of their child’s activities on Twitter.

They should give their child limitations in the usage of Internet. They

should lend time to listen to their child’s stories to prevent anxiety,

stress, and depression among students and teenagers.

For the community, they should encourage students and

teenagers to engage in recreational activities that includes. It can

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develop the teenagers and students’ social skills and so they can be

more interactive.

For the government, they should be aware of the political

topics and issues students and teenagers are talking about on social

media. They should also be updated about the rants that other people

are posting. They can download the app Twitter to know if there are

cyberbullying that is happening.

For the future researchers, they should be motivated to find

more answers and to continue this research to widen the knowledge

of students, teenagers, parents, and government. They can also

conduct interviews and gather more information to those students

who are inclined in using this app. They should clearly show the

information they accumulated to convince people about the benefits

and disadvantages of using Twitter.