DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF JCB USING LINK MECHANISM

ABSTRACT:

For light duty construction work, generally JCB excavators are used and
mostly there are soil surfaces for excavation. The main disadvantages of using JCB
is space and high cost but in order to excavate the soil in small scale applications
there is need of device for doing such job. In our project we have designed and
fabricated the mini JCB using link mechanism in order to perform the excavation
works in small scale applications.

The links are connected to an JCB bucket for activating it to perform the
certain operations. The links are powered through hand lever which is controlled by
an operator based upon the working conditions. The overall arrangement can be
rotated through separate arrangement for covering the soil handling over one full
complete rotations. With the help of this system we can perform the simple digging
and soil transferring operations through machine control without the use of excessive
man power and the process can be completed easily with less amount of labor cost.

INTRODUCTION:

Applications for JCB excavator in India include use as a utility machine at

large construction sites and urban infrastructure projects as well as the loading of
hoppers and trucks, trenching, the cleaning of canals and ditches, general excavation,
solid waste management and even demolition and mining work.

The useful task of backhoe hydraulic excavator is too free and/or remove
surface materials such as soil from its original location and transfer it to another
location by lowering the bucket, digging, pushing and/or pulling soil then lifting,
swinging The excavation of this task is usually performed by a human operator who
controls the motion of the machine manually by using the visual feedback provided
through his or her own eyes. It consists of link members: the bucket, the stick, the
boom and the revolving superstructure (upper carriage). On the other hand, the work
functions of the excavator often overlap those of other machines such as front-end
loaders, tractor shovel, scrapers, clamshells and draglines in addition, it is
particularly useful for trenching foundation footing excavation, basement excavation
and similar works.

Normally excavators are working under worst working conditions. Due to

severe working conditions, excavator parts are subjected to high loads and must
work reliably under unpredictable working conditions. Thus, it is necessary for the
designers to provide not only an equipment of maximum reliability but also of
minimum weight and cost, keeping design safe under all loading conditions. The
force analysis and strength analysis is important steps in the design of excavator
parts.

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

The experimental setup consists of common connection rod in which links for
controlling the position of the bucket is attached and its other end is rigidly fixed to
a bucket for activating it. The links are controlled by means of hand lever attachment
which is coupled to the links attached through the common connection rod. The
seating arrangement is provided for operator in order to handle the system with
comfort.

When the operator operates the left lever then the bucket portion is tilted down
wards for performing the digging operation and there by collection of soil is also
performed. And through the activation of next lever the bucket is raised due to this
soil inside the bucket can be transmitted from one place to another. A separate
arrangement for rotating the over setup is also provided for performing the task over
a 360-degree environment.

2D LAYOUT OF JCB USING LINK MECHANISM:

ADVANTAGES:

 Productivity rate is low.

 Maintenance is easy and less cost consumption.
 Handling is simple.

APPLICATION

For small scale operations like

 Light material transferring.

 Digging of small spaces.