National university open and remote

Unit 3: Phase 5 - Application activity

Diego Buitrago Arias

Code: 1073244071

Delivered to:

JUAN SEBASTIAN CHIRIVI

Bogotá

April 15, 2019

Vertimientos in the river Fucha industrial zone Montevideo Fontibón

Problematic

Bogotá is the economic epicenter of Colombia, because it is the capital of the

country, to the point that it represents around 25% of the total GDP and houses
about 40% of the entire national industry (Bogota A. m., 2016). However,
without entering into that detail of information, the present investigation was
generated from the observation made in the Fontibón locality in the Capital
District of Bogotá, which has been the axis of industrial and commercial
activities, due to its spatial physical location , next to the Fucha and Bogotá
rivers, ideal to generate industries of different types, such as plastics, geospatial,
pharmaceutical and automotive.

The mentioned rivers have been used as final emissaries of the industrial
discharges, converting them into real hydric, environmental, and urban
contaminants, affecting the quality of life of the inhabitants residing in Fontibón.

Based on the information obtained in the Local Authority of Fontibón (2016) it

was identified that there is a disorganized use of urban land (illegal industrial
construction), an increasing contamination by the industry, increase of risks of
different types, both industrial , environmental as human, despite the fact that
Colombian environmental regulations require industries to care for and preserve
the environment.
The degradation of the water resources in the Fontibón Locality, as an effect of
the industrial location, affects and limits the quality of life of the resident
population in the locality and this generated the need to investigate the effects
that cause it, in this space definite.(RODRÍGUEZ, 2017)

(ambiente, s.f.)

Other articles that corroborate this information

https://www.elespectador.com/noticias/bogota/articulo-208733-secretaria-de-ambiente-
sanciono-10-industrias-contaminar-rio-fucha

Solutions for the problem

Bioadsorption with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Bioadsorption with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a thick and resistant cell wall, approximately 200
nm thick, which is constituted mainly by polysaccharides, proteins and lipids,
the thickness and the resistance of the cell wall depend on the age of the cell,
its feeding , the pH that surrounds it and the temperature at which it is exposed.
S. cerevisiae can store compounds in its cell wall thanks to the ion exchange, in
addition this microorganism has an affinity for free metal ions in soluble
substances; this combined with the proper pH, presents high efficiency in the
capture of metal ions in the cell wall to achieve decontamination of water.

For better bioadsorption, when activating the yeast, attention must be paid to
the factors that affect it (temperature, nutrients, humidity and pH) since if this
process is not carried out correctly, the cell wall can be affected, and with this
the Adsorption by the microorganism will not be the expected one since it
depends on the ion exchange with the metals in the aqueous medium. The
kinetics in bioadsorption is the speed at which an organism can adsorb a
component. The parameters that are taken into account, are the speed with
which a compound is adsorbed and as long as it does, with this statistically the
efficiency of the microorganism in the adsorption is understood.
(MartínDelgadoJesúsEfrén, 2015)

Bioremediation with microalgae (cyanobacteria)

Within the articles consulted, microalgae with metal-remediating properties are:

Scenedesmus quadricauda, Chlorella miniata, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella
sorokiniana. Which stand out for their efficiency in the removal of heavy metals
from wastewater since they have a large surface area and high binding affinity.
Another characteristic of these microalgae is that they are the primary producers
of the aquatic food chain and that they are not only found in the natural
environment but also have the capacity to grow in contaminated environments.
Variations in size, shape and composition in the cell wall of the algae species
studied directly affect the removal efficiency of metals in contaminated waters;
The density of the biomass also influences the removal efficiency of metals. In
addition, microalgae that have developed in water contaminated with metals are
more efficient in the removal of metals. (MONTILLA, s.f.)
 Problem Tree

Bad smells: Consequences of the

Toxic action: That many of the
mineral and organic compounds Thermal pollution:
that these waters contain Generated by certain
provokes on the flora and the industrial waste liquids
natural fauna of the receiving that have high
bodies and on the consumers that temperatures
use these waters.
foreign substances that it
contains and the compounds
coming from these materials,
with the anaerobic splitting of its
organic complexes that generate
gases resulting from the
decomposition.

chemicals Physicists Biological

decrease in the as bad smell, color change, Death of plants and
necessary concentration clouding, fermentation, animals, as well as
of oxygen for aquatic temperature change diseases for man
life.

Industrial discharges on the Fucha river

Vertices of textile
Used oils and
Chemical spills material
remnants of
contaminated
electronic devices
with solvents
Tree solutions

Prevent diseases to Be aware that industries

populations near the comply with
river environmental
regulations

Improve water Improve the Give life back to

quality at a chemical appearance of the river to be
level to return your water that does not able to implement
natural PH present turbidity fauna and flora

Application of environmental biotechnology

to counteract the environmental damage
caused by industrial discharges

Bioadsorption with Bioremediation with

yeast (Saccharomyces microalgae
cerevisiae) (cyanobacteria)

Microalgae remove heavy

By means of adsorption the metals from water and
yeast extracts very harmful help improve water
pollutants such as heavy quality at the chemical
metals level as well as in its
appearance
Bibliography
ambiente, s. d. (s.f.). ambientebogota. Obtenido de
http://ambientebogota.gov.co/web/sda/archivo-de-noticias/-
/asset_publisher/5PPa/content/distrito-trabaja-para-controlar-vertimientos-que-afectan-
el-rio-fucha?redirect=http%3A%2F%2Fambientebogota.gov.co%2Fweb%2Fsda%2Farchivo-
de-noticias%3Fp_p_id%3D101_INST

MartínDelgadoJesúsEfrén. (2015). repository.udistrital. Obtenido de

http://repository.udistrital.edu.co/bitstream/11349/7617/2/Mart%C3%ADnDelgadoJes%C
3%BAsEfr%C3%A9n2015.pdf

MONTILLA, P. A. (s.f.). repository.unimilitar. Obtenido de

https://repository.unimilitar.edu.co/bitstream/handle/10654/13266/ARTICULO%20PROYE
CTO%20DE%20GRADO%20.pdf;jsessionid=A087DA682F8243EC78EE0F3F9021D782?seque
nce=1

RODRÍGUEZ, J. J. (2017). polux.unipiloto. Obtenido de

http://polux.unipiloto.edu.co:8080/00003890.pdf