1.

Earthquake is sudden shaking and quivering of earth that takes place when the plates
that are below the surface of the earth change directions. While Tsunami is a series of
sea waves that are huge and move forward at a great pace to engulf anything that
comes in its direction.
2. A seismogram is a visual record that is created by a seismograph. A seismograph is a
piece of equipment that records earthquake movements. These two items go hand in
hand and are essential for the study of earthquakes. Without a seismograph, there
would be no seismogram. A seismograph detects movement in the Earth's crust,
translating that movement through its inner workings to move a recording device, often a
needle that makes markings on what becomes the seismogram.
3. The epicenter is the point on a planet’s surface that is directly above the hypocenter,
which is also called the focus of an earthquake. The hypocenter is the starting point of
fracturing rocks, and it is the actual point where earthquakes begin. Hypocenters are
found at a considerable depth below the surface. Vibrating waves move away from the
hypocenter in various directions. The waves can travel to all places on the Earth and
make the planet rapidly vibrate because of their immense power.
4. Tectonic earthquakes are caused by movements in the earth's crust while volcanic
earthquakes are caused by the movement of molten material or by gas pressure inside a
volcano.
5. Earthquake size is a quantitative measure of the size of the earthquake at its source.
The Richter Magnitude Scale measures the amount of seismic energy released by an
earthquake.
6. When an earthquake occurs, its magnitude can be given a single numerical value on the
Richter Magnitude Scale. However the intensity is variable over the area affected by the
earthquake, with high intensities near the epicentre and lower values further away.
These are allocated a value depending on the effects of the shaking according to the
Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale.
7. While the Mercalli scale describes the intensity of an earthquake based on its observed
effects, the Richter scale describes the earthquake's magnitude by measuring the
seismic waves that cause the earthquake. The two scales have different applications
and measurement techniques. The Mercalli scale is linear and the Richter scale is
logarithmic. i.e. a magnitude 5 earthquake is ten times as intense as a magnitude 4
earthquake.
8. P-WAVE:-THE P-WAVE OR PRIMARY WAVE WHICH CAN TRAVEL THROUGH BOTH
SOLID & LIQUID MEDIUMS & IS FASTER IN SPEED. S-WAVE:-THE S-WAVE OR
SECONDARY WAVE,ON THE OTHER HAND,CAN PASS THROUGH ONLY A SOLID
MEDIUM & THAT TOO AT A SLOWER SPEED.
9. Love waves and Rayleigh waves are both guided waves. Love waves occur in a thin
plate, while Rayleigh waves are a combination of transverse and longitudinal waves on
the surface of a half-space.
10. "Foreshock" and "aftershock" are relative terms. Foreshocks are earthquakes that
precede larger earthquakes in the same location. Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes
that occur in the same general area during the days to years following a larger event or
"mainshock." They occur within 1-2 fault lengths away and during the period of time
before the background seismicity level has resumed.