Name: Elizabeth McPherson

_____________________ 37805
CRN#: _____________________
100735187
Student ID: _____________________ April 12, 2019
Date: _____________________

ASSIGNMENT 2
Biology I, Pre-Health Sciences - Durham College

/100 marks – Due Fri, Apr 12 at 11:59 PM

EVALUATION NOTES

Read before submitting:

• This assignment is worth 20% of your final grade.

• This assignment is due by 11:59 pm on the due date

established by your instructor: _________________

a. A submission after this due date is considered late and

will result in a grade of 0 unless a late submission is
negotiated.
b. A negotiated late submission is an assignment that has
been submitted late for valid reasons with the written
permission of the instructor. It is the responsibility of
the student to request permission to negotiate a late
submission no later than 48 hours prior to the due date.
Late submissions are penalized 10% per day up to a
max of 3 days (including weekends). After that a zero
is assigned.

• This assignment should be submitted online to the DC

Connect Assignments folder.

a. 1 file needs to be submitted in total.

b. Unless otherwise directed, submissions made by other means (E.g. email or hard copy) will
not be accepted and will result in a grade of 0.
c. Computer malfunctions or technical issues are not accepted as excuses for late or missing
components. TIP: Submit your assignment early so that you have time to resolve any
potential technical issues prior to the deadline.
d. An instructional video is available if you require assistance using a fillable PDF.

• While students may work in groups, each student must submit their own original work.
Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

PART 1 – Basic Knowledge [ 34 marks ]

Rationale: In this section you are required to answer content specific questions. These questions are
very similar in structure and style to Test 2 questions and will therefore be excellent study practice.

Instructions:.
• Answer in the spaces provided
• Read the questions carefully and thoroughly
• Consider the point value of each question as a guide for how much detail you should include
• Remember to write all answers IN YOUR OWN WORDS
• For short answer questions, answer in full sentences

UNIT 8: The Digestive System

1. (5 marks) Match the descriptions below with their correct term. Answers are used only once.
A. Common bile duct I. Muscularis
B. Duodenum J. Pancreatic duct
C. Epiglottis K. Peristalsis
D. Ileocecal sphincter L. Pyloric sphincter
E. Ilium M. Serosa
F. Lower esophageal sphincter N. Submucosa
G. Jejunum O. Uvula
H. Mucosa
Rhythmic, wave-like contractions of smooth muscle K
______
Inner layer of digestive (GI) tract H
______
Flap of skin that covers the trachea when swallowing C
______
Part of the small intestine that connects to pancreas, liver, and gall bladder B
______
Ring of muscle that allows chyme to exit the stomach L
______

2. The pancreas releases pancreatic juice during digestion.

a. (1 mark) What is the purpose of bicarbonate within pancreatic juice?

Bicoarbonate neutralizes stomach acids.

b. (2 marks) List the 4 enzymes found in pancreatic juice.

- pancreatic amylase
- pancreatic lipase
-
nuclease
-
trypsin
Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

3. (1 mark) Which of the following accurately describes bile? Select ALL that apply.
 It is produced by the gall bladder
 It breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and free fatty acids
 It emulsifies lipids
✔

 It travels down the common bile duct

✔

 It is released into the stomach during digestion

 It is present in the hepatic portal vein
 It is an enzyme

4. (1 mark) Multiple choice – Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a. Digestion of proteins begins in the mouth
b. Trypsin is produced by the stomach and the pancreas Answer e
c. Pepsin is inactive when hydrochloric acid is present
d. Nuclease is a brush border enzyme
e. Peptidase breaks smaller polypeptides into amino acids

5. (1 mark) Multiple choice – Which of the following represents the correct order of feces through
the large intestine?
a. Ileocecal sphincter, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid
colon, rectum, anal canal, anal sphincter, anus
b. Ileocecal sphincter, cecum, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon, sigmoid
colon, rectum, anal canal, anal sphincter, anus
c. Ileocecal sphincter, cecum, ascending colon, descending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid
colon, rectum, anal canal, anal sphincter, anus
d. Anal sphincter, cecum, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon, sigmoid
colon, rectum, anal canal, ileocecal sphincter, anus
Answer a

UNIT 9: The Cardiovascular System

6. (5 marks) Could Type ARh+ blood be given safely to a person with Type ABRh- blood? Explain
your answer using the chart below.

Organize:
DONOR RECIPIENT
What antigens are present Donor only provides What antigens are present Which antibodies are
on the RBC? red blood cells NO on the RBC? present in the plasma?
antibodies are given.
A, Rh A, B none

Check: Will antibodies in recipient bind antigens on donor RBC? YES

Decide: Will agglutination occur? YES
Recommend: Will this blood transfusion be safe?
NO
Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

7. (2 marks) Match the descriptions with an appropriate term. Answers are used only once.
A. Hemoglobin C. Hemolysis
B. Heme D. Hematopoiesis
Molecule found in hemoglobin that works with iron to bind oxygen B
______
Destruction of red blood cells in the liver and spleen C
______
Creation of red blood cells in the bone marrow D
______
Protein found in red blood cells that binds oxygen A
______

8. (4 marks) Compare and contrast a vein and an artery. List at least ONE similarity and THREE
differences.
Differences
Artery Vein
Thick walls Thin walls

High Blood Pressure Vs Low Blood Pressure

Blood pumped away from the heart Blood pumped to the heart

Similarity
Three layers of tissue

UNIT 10: The Respiratory System

9. (1 mark) Multiple choice – Which of the following is/are TRUE concerning alveoli?
a. They are sacs in the lungs
b. It is a location where gas exchange takes place via diffusion
c. They are surrounded by capillaries
d. Only A and C are correct Answer e
e. A, B and C are correct

10. (1 mark) Multiple choice – What is the role of chemoreceptors during ventilation?
a. They detect when pH is low within the blood
b. They communicate with the medulla oblongata to decrease breathing rate
c. They eventually force you to breathe if you try to hold your breath for as long as possible
d. Only A and C are correct
e. A, B and C are correct Answer d
Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

11. (6 marks) Fill-in the chart below to describe THREE ways in which carbon dioxide can be
carried within the blood:

Method of CO 2 Description
% CO 2
transport (Include 2 key points)

7-10% Carbon dioxide dissolves in water easier than oxygen, so the

carbon dioxide can be transported and dissolved in blood plasma.
Dissolved in blood
plasma

25-30% Carbon dioxide attaches to the amino groups that

form the hemoglobin molecules.
Bound to hemoglobin

60-65% CO2 and water form carbonic acid

As bicarbonate
carbonic acid dissociates into bicarbonate

UNIT 11: The Integumentary System

12. (4 marks) Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE:

T
a. ______ The largest organ in the body is the skin
F
b. ______ A function of skin is to remove waste from the body
T
c. ______ Adipocytes are primarily found within the hypodermis
F
d. ______ The stratum basale is superficial to the stratum corneum
F
e. ______ During UV light exposure, Langerhans cells produce a pigment called melanin
T
f. ______ Arrector pili are responsible for “goose bumps”
T
g. ______ Genes, carotene, and haemoglobin can contribute to the colour of skin
T
h. ______ Melanocytes are primarily found within the epidermis

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

PART 2 – Case Study [ 56 marks ]

Rationale: In this section you will develop your

problem-solving and critical thinking skills by
applying your knowledge of basic concepts to a case
study. This is an important skill to develop as it
allows you to relate what you are learning to the
everyday world and helps prepare you for future
programs and careers in the health care field. As you
proceed through this section, think about how these
questions connect to your other courses and to your
future goals.

Instructions:
• Answer in the spaces provided
• Read the questions carefully and thoroughly
• Consider the point value of each question as a
guide for how much detail you should include
• Remember to write all answers IN YOUR
OWN WORDS
• For short answer questions, answer in full
sentences

Scenario: Mary is a student enrolled in the Pre-Health Sciences program at Durham College. Like
many of her classmates, she has applied to several competitive healthcare programs including
Paramedics and Nursing and is very proud of the hard work that she has accomplished so far.

Unfortunately, the past few weeks have taken their toll on Mary’s mental health and she is feeling
extremely burned out. Her stress levels are at an all time high and she is struggling to manage the
demands of school, caring for her young son, Andrew, and working part-time 20 hours per week. All
of this exhaustion has caused her digestive disorder (lactose intolerance) to flair up despite the fact
that she can normally manage it very well with diet and medication. Specifically she has been
forgetting to restock her supply of Lactaid medication (an over-the-counter-drug) and has picked up
the habit of eating cheap, frozen pizzas that contain high quantities of starch and lactose. This has left
her with extreme bloating, nausea, and pain and has forced her to make regular emergency trips to the
bathroom while at school and at work.

13. (1 mark) Multiple choice – People with lactose intolerance cannot digest __________.
a. Lactose
b. Lactase
c. Maltase Answer a
d. Maltose
e. Amylase

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

14. (1 mark) Multiple choice – Medications like Lactaid contain __________, a digestive enzyme
that is normally made by the __________.
a. Maltase, small intestine
b. Amylase, pancreas Answer d
c. Lactose, small intestine
d. Lactase, small intestine
e. Lactase, pancreas

15. (9 marks) Track a piece of pizza through Mary’s digestive system by drawing a simplified
sketch of how various biological molecules are processed by Mary’s digestive system. Start with
the pizza entering through the mouth and show how the various enzymes break it down into
nutrients that can be absorbed within the body. For this question, you may assume that the
biological molecules in the pizza are polysaccharides, from the starch-filled dough, and lactose,
from the cheese. You may ignore any other molecules that might be present. You should also
assume that Mary did NOT take her Lactaid medication when eating the pizza.

Your drawing can be done by hand on paper or made digitally as long as a clear photo or a
screenshot of your work is submitted. A reminder that your image must be original – i.e. it is not
copied directly from course resources (E.g. lecture slides) or the internet. Use the checklist
below as a guide:

ANATOMY of the digestive system is drawn and labeled:

 Regions: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), large intestine
 Accessory organs: salivary glands, gall bladder, liver,
pancreas
Digestion of polysaccharides and lactose is clearly shown:
 Names of all enzymes are provided
 Names of the organs that make each enzyme are
provided
 Descriptions/diagrams are provided as to how each
enzyme breaks down the molecules

TIP 1: Crop/zoom your image if necessary so that it is clear to the viewer.

TIP 2: Make sure the fillable PDF is open in Adobe when inserting photos. It will not work if
you are viewing the PDF in an internet browser. If you are having trouble attaching your
photo, never fear! Just watch the help video on DC Connect or contact your instructor.

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

16. (1 mark) How would the digestion above change if Mary took Lactaid with her meal?
If Mary took lactaid with her meal, the enzyme lactase would be there to break
down the lactose into glucose and galactose.
17. (3 marks) Untreated lactose intolerance leads to inflammation within the gut that prevents key
nutrients from being absorbed. Explain how digested carbohydrates normally get absorbed into
the body. Provide at least THREE details using correct terminology.

• The villi absorb the carbohydrates

• the carbohydrates are then transported to the blood stream

• from there the carbohydrates are carried to the muscles and liver

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

Scenario: As Mary continues the semester, stress continues to take its toll on Mary’s body. While
not life threatening, Mary has noticed that she experiences constant outbreaks of acne, despite having a
history of clear, blemish-free skin. After doing a bit of research and chatting with her Biology
professor, she learns that stress can aggravate sebaceous glands in the skin and cause acne.

18. (5 marks) Answer the following questions about sebaceous glands:

a. (1 mark) Where are sebaceous glands located in the body? Be as specific as possible.
Sebaceous glands are located in the epidermis connected to hair follicles. They can be
found everywhere on the body except the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

b. (1 mark) What is the difference between a sebaceous gland and a sudoriferous gland?
Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, and sudoriferous glands produce sweat.

c. (1 mark) What is sebum made of? List at least THREE ingredients.

Sebum is made of triglycerides, free fatty acids, wax esters, squalene, cholesterol
esters and cholesterol.

d. (2 marks) Explain in detail how an excess of sebum can lead to the production of acne.
Sebum carries dead skin cells through the hair follicles to the surface of the skin.
When the follicles get blocked, sebum builds up. When skin cells, sebum and hair
get clumped together it creates a plug. The plug then becomes infected with
bacteria and swelling begins creating a pimple when the plug starts to break down.
Having an excess of sebum would result in many pimples as well as acne.

Scenario: As the final weeks of school approach, Mary’s stress begins to reach a breaking point as
her assignments and test dates loom. What is more, her son Andrew has been experiencing troubles at
school and has recently been diagnosed with ADHD. She confides in a friend that she feels as though
she is “barely hanging on.” She is just hoping she can make it through these final weeks.
One day, as she is walking into her Biology lab, Mary starts to feel funny. She beings to feel faint and
light-headed, almost as if the “walls are closing in.” She sits down quickly at the lab bench but a huge
wave of nausea suddenly overwhelms her and she begins to breathe rapidly. Just as class is about to
begin, Mary reaches a state of full-blown panic as she finds herself with unexpected chest pain and
difficulty breathing. Noticing her distress, her classmates and professor immediately call Campus
Safety and the Campus Emergency Response Team (CERT). An ambulance soon arrives and after an
initial assessment by paramedics, it is determined that she needs to get to Lakeridge Health
immediately. She is quickly loaded into the ambulance, connected to an IV (containing water, sugar
and salt), given her an aspirin, and offered additional oxygen. As they pull into the hospital,
paramedics do their best to keep her calm but Mary overhears them say her symptoms align with that
of a heart attack.

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

19. (1 mark) Multiple Choice – If Mary is experiencing a heart attack, what blood circuit is mostly
likely compromised? Answer a
a. Coronary d. Systemic
b. Hepatic e. None of the above
c. Pulmonary
20. (1 mark) Multiple Choice – Which component of blood is IV fluid meant to mimic?
a. Electrolytes d. A and B only
b. Blood plasma e. All of the above Answer d
c. Erythrocytes
21. (3 marks) List THREE specific components of blood that are NOT present in Mary’s IV fluid
Briefly describe the function of each within the body.
• proteins

• enzymes

• antibodies

22. While in the ambulance, the additional oxygen that Mary receives enters her nasal cavity and
travels through the respiratory system until it reaches the blood. From there, it travels to her
heart so that it can be pumped to the various cells in her body.
a. (5.0 marks) List the respiratory structures IN ORDER that carry oxygen from the nasal
cavity to the alveoli. List at least FIVE structures.

Nasal cavity Pharynx

> _______________
Epiglottis
> _______________
Trachea
> _______________
Bronchi
> _______________
Bronchioles
> _______________ > Alveoli

b. Once absorbed into the blood at the alveoli, oxygen is then transported through the blood
via the red blood cells within the blood.

i. (1 mark) What is the scientific name for a red blood cell?

_____________________________________________________________
erythrocytes

ii. (1 mark) During hypoxia, what hormone would be released to increase the
number of red blood cells within the blood?
_____________________________________________________________
erythropoietin

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________
iii. (1 mark) True or False – A red blood cell is able to live for years within the
blood.
False
iv. (4 marks) What structural features does a red blood cell have that allows it to
effectively move through the blood and transport oxygen? List at least FOUR
features and explain how these features help RBCs carry out their functions.

• hemoglobin traps oxygen using heme and iron

• biconconcave and flexible to allow for squeezing through capillaries

• loses nucleus to make room for hemoglobin

• hemoglobin carries 1 billion oxygen

Scenario: Upon arriving at the hospital, Mary is assessed by the on-call cardiologist, Dr. Hiba
Khaled. After an initial assessment and blood draw, Dr. Khaled orders an EKG and echocardiogram
for Mary to determine if she is experiencing a heart attack.

23. (8 marks) An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that allows the heart to be imaged and blood
tracked through the heart. In the space below, map the pathway of blood through the heart. Start
with blood entering the heart via the vena cava and finish with blood leaving the heart through
the aorta. Be sure to list all chambers, valves, and blood vessels that the blood passes through IN
ORDER. Don’t forget to answer in your own words and use the checklist below as a guide.
 4 heart valves are listed in the pathway (2 marks)
 4 heart chambers are listed in the pathway (2marks)
 4 blood major blood vessels attached to the heart are listed in the pathway(2 marks)
 All structures are listed in the correct chronological order (1mark)
 All names are written in FULL (no acronyms) with no spelling errors (1mark)
Blood enters the superior and inferior vena cavae from the body and flows into the right
atrium. From there it goes to the tricuspid and travels to the right ventricle. This causes
the ventricles to contract and forces blood to be pumped from the right ventricle through
the pulmonary semilunar valve and then to the pulmonary arteries. From here, the blood
goes to the arterioles and the capillaries in the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen
and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The blood is now oxygenated and continues to flow from
the capillaries into the venules, then the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium. From
here, the blood goes through the bicuspid to the left ventricle, through the aortic valve
and then the aorta taking it back out to the body.

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

Scenario: Luckily, Dr. Khaled reports that the blood work, EKG, and echocardiogram came back
clean, i.e. there is no evidence to support that Mary experienced a heart attack. Dr. Khaled suggests
that Mary may have actually experienced a panic attack instead, explaining that the symptoms of a
heart attack are often the same (chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea). She goes on to say
how under severe stress, the nervous and endocrine systems within the body can trigger a rapid heart
rate during a panic attack.

24. (1 mark) Which of the following are able to increase the speed of the cardiac cycle? Select
ALL that apply.
 Sympathetic nervous system
✔

 Parasympathetic nervous system

 Epinephrine
✔

 Norepinephrine
✔

Scenario: After several more hours, Mary is discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of “acute
panic attack.” Before leaving, she is told to rest and consider booking an appointment with a
professional psychologist for talk therapy. She is also told that if her panic attacks persist to try a
variety of breathing techniques and investigate various medications like cannabidiol (CBD) oil, an
extract from the Cannabis sativa plant that has been linked to anxiety reduction [Source]. Mary goes
home and practices the suggested breathing techniques. One of them, the “calming breath,”
recommends taking a long, slow breath in through the nose, holding your breath for 3 seconds, and
exhaling slowly through pursed lips.

25. (5 marks) While performing these breathing exercises, describe IN YOUR OWN WORDS how
the diaphragm and intercostal muscles assist Mary’s inspiration and expiration.

During inspiration:
The diaphragm is the main muscle that assists breathing. There is
a contraction and this causes the diaphragm to move down into the
thoracic cavity creating a larger lung volume. The intercostal
muscles help expand the rib cage when taking a breath.
During expiration:
The diaphragm relaxes and moves back up the thoracic cavity
decreasing the lung volume and the air is forced out. The
intercostal muscles do not contract during quiet breathing.

26. (1 mark) Multiple Choice – What term is used to describe the amount of air moved with 1
breath at rest?
a. Inspiratory reserve volume d. Vital capacity Answer c
b. Expiratory reserve volume e. Residual volume
c. Tidal volume

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

Scenario: After trying the various breathing exercises, Mary feels calmer and less anxious. She books
an appointment with one of the counsellor’s at Durham College’s Campus Health Centre in G1030 and
does some additional research on the Solace Centre in C111 to see when the various wellness coaches
and meditation classes are available. She also sends an email to the Access and Support Centre (ASC)
in SW116 and Student Academic Learning Services (SALS) in SSB204 to see if there are any additional
supports she can access to help her manage her academics while she recovers. She also opens the
pamphlet on CBD oil to see if this is a route she wants to pursue. Specifically, she is wondering if CBD
oil could also help her manage her symptoms of lactose intolerance as well.

27. (4 marks) Perform a quick Google search of CBD oil and digestive health. Is there any
CREDIBLE evidence to suggest that CBD can help manage inflammation within the gut? Justify
your answer and provide the link to your source.

TIP 1: Credible sources include government websites and peer-reviewed journal articles. If you
are unsure of how to pick a credible source, watch the following video or take a look at the
resources posted on the SALS course in DC Connect:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZ122WakNDY

TIP 2: You will not be marked on if your answer is right or wrong. Instead, it is your job to
formulate a clear response and back up your answer with credible evidence.

Answer:
From my research, it appears that there are sources who claim that CBD oil does, in
fact, help with gut inflammation. The information provided states that CBD oil is
effective in reducing inflammation in arthritis patients as well as a good analgesic. The
capsaicin receptor in the gut is desensitized with the use of CBD oil. This receptor is
what triggers the inflammation in the mucous membranes that are found in the gut.
This would mean that with the use of CBD oil, gut inflammation could be reduced.

https://www.remedyreview.com/health/cbd-and-gut-health-an-o
Link to credible source: _________________________________________________________
verview/

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

PART 3 – Study Tool [ 10 marks ]

Rationale: In this part of the assignment, you will create

a study tool that will allow you to prepare for
Test 2. This study tool will allow you to
“personalize” your learning, put key concepts into
your own words, and examine concepts through a
more creative lens.

Instructions

• Create 1small “SUMMARY SHEET”

STEP 1: Choose 1 “summary sheet” topics

Choose ANY ONE topic listed below (E.g pancreas OR skin layers) and imagine that you are
allowed to bring a “cheat sheet” into the test containing information about them.

Unit 8 – Unit 9 – Unit 10 – Unit 11 –

Digestive Cardiovascular Respiratory Integumentary
- Pancreas: how it - Compare and - Alveoli: describe - Compare the three
contributes to contrast red blood the details of its layers of the skin
digestion AND cells, white blood structure and how Epidermis, Dermis
glucose control cells and platelets it contributes to air & Hypodermis
exchange

STEP 2: Create 1 “summary sheet”

Using the content from your lecture slides, create a “summary sheet” for your chosen
topic. To do this, summarize the key ideas on a blank piece of 8.5”x 11” paper,
focusing on the functions (what does it do? why is it important?) and structures (what it is made
of? what cells/tissues/structures are found within it?). The format of your summary sheet does not
matter. The key idea is to organize the information in your own words so that it makes sense to you
and to evaluate what information is the most relevant/helpful for your test.
IF you use pictures or information from a website or text book you must include a reference.
Failure to provide references will result in a mark of zero.

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

STEP 3: Submit photo of your 1 “summary sheet” in the boxe below.

TIP 1: Before submitting your photo of your summary sheet, examine the rubric at the end of
this document to ensure that you will receive full marks.

TIP 2: Crop/zoom your image if necessary so that it is clear to the viewer.

TIP 3: Make sure the fillable PDF is open in Adobe when inserting photos. It will not work if you
are viewing the PDF in an internet browser. If you are having trouble attaching your photo, never
fear! Just watch the help video on DC Connect or contact your instructor.

“Summary Sheet ”

PHS – Pre-Health Sciences

Name: _____________________ CRN#: _____________________
Student ID: _____________________ Date: _____________________

Grading and Rubric for “Summary Sheet”

CRITERIA EXCELLENT GOOD / SATISFACTORY NEEDS IMPROVEMENT

Summary 10 marks -- 0 marks

Sheet 1 - The function is thoroughly described - Student is missing more than 1 or more
- The structure is thoroughly described of the requirements listed
- All ideas and concepts are original and in the - Work is not original and/or is copied
student’s own words. from lecture slides, course material
- The summary sheet is legible and clear and/or other internet sources

Grade = _____ /10