ANALYSIS OF TRUSS FOR VERTICAL LOADS

Fig 4: Truss for Vertical Loads

SOLUTION: Let W be the load acting on each intermediate joint.
𝑊
Hence, load acting on each joints = 2

𝑊 𝑊
Total load on the truss = +7×𝑤+
2 2

= 8𝑊.

Let 𝜃 be the angle between top chord and bottom chord member.

4
tan 𝜃 = = 0.4
10

AE= √102 + 42 = 10.77

4
sin 𝜃 = = 0.371
10.77
10
cos 𝜃 = = 0.928
10.77
sin 2𝜃 = 2 sin 𝜃 × cos 𝜃

= 2 × 0.371 × 0.928

= 0.688.
 cos 2𝜃 = cos 𝜃 2 − sin 𝜃 2

= 0.9282 − 0.3712 = 0.723.

sin 2𝜃 0.688
tan 2𝜃 = = = 0.951.
cos 2𝜃 0.723

JOINT A

∑𝑉 = 0

𝑊
=> 𝐹𝐴𝐵 sin 𝜃 + = 4𝑊
2
𝑊
=> 𝐹𝐴𝐵 × 0.371 = 4𝑊 − 2
7𝑊
=
2

7𝑊 1
 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = × 0.371 = 9.433𝑊(𝐶)
2

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐴𝐹 = 𝐹𝐴𝐵 cos 𝜃

 𝐹𝐴𝐹 = 9.433𝑊 × 0.928
 𝐹𝐴𝐹 = 8.753𝑊(𝑇)

JOINT B

∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 𝑊 cos 𝜃
 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 𝑊 × 0.928
 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 0.928(𝐶)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐵𝐶 + 𝑊 sin 𝜃 = 𝐹𝐵𝐴

 𝐹𝐵𝐶 + 0.371𝑊 = 9.433𝑊
 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 9.433𝑊 − 0.371𝑊
 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 9.062𝑊(𝐶)
JOINT F
∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐹𝐶 sin 2𝜃 = 𝐹𝐹𝐵 cos 𝜃

𝐹𝐹𝐵 cos 𝜃
 𝐹𝐹𝐶 = sin 2𝜃
0.928𝑊×0.928
 𝐹𝐹𝐶 = 0.688
 𝐹𝐹𝐶 = 1.251𝑊(𝑇)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐹𝐺 + 𝐹𝐹𝐶 cos 2𝜃 + 𝐹𝐹𝐵 sin 𝜃 = 𝐹𝐹𝐴

 𝐹𝐹𝐺 + 1.251𝑊 × 0.723 + 0.928𝑊 × 0.371 = 8.753𝑊
 𝐹𝐹𝐺 = 7.504𝑊(𝑇)

JOINT D
∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐷𝐻 = 𝑊 cos 𝜃
 𝐹𝐷𝐻 = 0.928𝑊(𝐶)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐷𝐸 + 𝑊 sin 𝜃 = 𝐹𝐷𝐶

 𝐹𝐷𝐸 + 0.371𝑊 = 8.691𝑊
 𝐹𝐷𝐸 = 8.32𝑊(𝐶)

JOINT H

∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐻𝐶 sin 2𝜃 = 𝐹𝐻𝐷 cos 𝜃

 𝐹𝐻𝐶 × 0.688 = 0.928𝑊 × 0.928
 𝐹𝐻𝐶 = 1.251𝑊(𝑇)

∑𝐻 =0

 𝐹𝐻𝐸 = 𝐹𝐻𝐷 sin 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐻𝐶 cos 2𝜃 + 𝐹𝐻𝐺

 𝐹𝐻𝐸 = 0.928𝑊 × 0.371 + 1.251𝑊 × 0.723 + 2.503𝑊
 𝐹𝐻𝐸 = 3.751𝑊(𝑇)
JOINT C

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐶𝐷 + 𝐹𝐶𝐹 cos 𝜃 + 𝑊 sin 𝜃 = 𝐹𝐶𝐵 + 𝐹𝐶𝐻 cos 𝜃

 𝐹𝐶𝐷 + 0.928 × 1.251𝑊 + 0.371𝑊
 𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 9.062𝑊 + 1.251𝑊 × 0.928
 𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 8.691𝑊(𝑇)

∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐶𝐺 = 𝐹𝐶𝐹 sin 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐶𝐻 sin 𝜃 + 𝑊 cos 𝜃

 𝐹𝐶𝐺 = 1.252𝑊 × 0.371 + 1.251𝑊 × 0.371 + 0.928𝑊
 𝐹𝐶𝐺 = 1.856𝑊(𝐶)

JOINT G

∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐺𝐻 sin 2𝜃 = 𝐹𝐺𝐶 cos 𝜃

𝐹𝐺𝐶 cos 𝜃 1.856𝑊×0.928
 𝐹𝐺𝐻 = =
sin 2𝜃 0.688
 𝐹𝐺𝐻 = 2.503𝑊(𝑇)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐺𝐽 + 𝐹𝐺𝐻 cos 2𝜃 + 𝐹𝐺𝐶 sin 𝜃 = 𝐹𝐺𝐹

 𝐹𝐺𝐽 + 2.503𝑊 × 0.723 + 1.856𝑊 × 0.371 = 7.504𝑊
 𝐹𝐺𝐽 = 5.005𝑊(𝑇).
 MEMBERS TENSION COMPRESSION
AB − 9.433
AF 8.753 −
BF − 0.928
BC − 9.062
FC 1.251 −
FG 7.504 −
DH − 0.928
HC 1.25 −
CD 8.691 −
CG − 1.856
DE − 8.32
GH 2.503 −
GJ 5.005 −
HE 3.751 −

ANALYSIS OF TRUSS FOR HORIZONTAL LOAD

Fig 5: Truss for Horizontal Load

Let H be the load acting on each intermediate joint.

𝐻
Hence, load acting on each joint = 2
JOINT A

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐴𝐹 = 0.5𝐻

∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0

JOINT B
∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹 sin 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐵𝐴 sin 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐵𝐹 cos 𝜃 = 0

 𝐹𝐶𝐵0.371 − 𝐹𝐵𝐹0.928 = 0 → (1)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐵𝐴 cos 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐵𝐹 sin 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐶𝐵 cos 𝜃 − 𝐻 = 0

 −0.371 × 𝐹𝐵𝐹 − 0.928 × 𝐹𝐶𝐵 − 𝐻 = 0 → (2)

By solving (1) and (2) we get

𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 0.371𝐻(𝐶)

𝐹𝐶𝐵 = 0.928𝐻(𝐶)

JOINT F
∑𝑉 = 0

𝐹𝐹𝐵 cos 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐹𝐶 sin 2𝜃 = 0

 0.928 × 𝐹𝐹𝐵 − 0.688𝐹𝐹𝐶 = 0

 0.344𝐻 = 0.688𝐹𝐹𝐶
 𝐹𝐹𝐶 = 0.5𝐻(𝑇)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐹𝐺 + 𝐹𝐹𝐶 cos 2𝜃 + 𝐹𝐹𝐵 sin 𝜃 = 0.5𝐻

 𝐹𝐹𝐺 + 0.5𝐻 × 0.723 + 0.371𝐻 × 0.371 = 0.5𝐻
 𝐹𝐹𝐺 = 0.5𝐻 − 0.361𝐻 − 0.137𝐻
 𝐹𝐹𝐺 = 0.998𝐻(𝑇)
JOINT E

∑𝑉 = 0

 𝐹𝐸𝐷 sin 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐸𝐻 cos 𝜃 = 0 → (1)

∑𝐻 = 0

 −𝐻 + 𝐹𝐸𝐻 sin 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐸𝐷 cos 𝜃 = 0

 −𝐻 + 𝐹𝐸𝐻0.371 − 𝐹𝐸𝐷0.928 = 0
 𝐹𝐸𝐻 × 0.371 − 𝐹𝐸𝐷0.928 = 𝐻 → (2)

By solving (1) and (2) we get;

 𝐹𝐸𝐻 = 0.513𝐻(𝑇)
 𝐹𝐸𝐷 = 1.28(𝐶)

JOINT D

∑𝑉 = 0

 −𝐹𝐶𝐷 cos 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐷𝐸 sin 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐷𝐻 cos 𝜃 = 0

 −FCD × 0.928 − FDE × 0.371 + FDH × 0.928 = 0
 −𝐹𝐶𝐷 × 0.928 + 0.474𝐻 + 𝐹𝐷𝐻 × 0.928 = 0 → (1)

∑𝐻 = 0

 −𝐻 + 𝐹𝐷𝐻 sin 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐷𝐸 cos 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐶𝐷 sin 𝜃 = 0

 𝐹𝐷𝐻 × 0.371 + 𝐹𝐷𝐸 × 0.928 + 𝐹𝐶𝐷 × 0.371 = 𝐻
 𝐹𝐷𝐻 × 0.371 − 1.187𝐻 + 𝐹𝐶𝐷 × 0.371 = 𝐻 → (2)

By solving (1) and (2) we get,

 𝐹𝐷𝐻 = 2.681𝐻(𝑇)
 FCD = 3.19H(C)
JOINT H

∑𝑉 = 0

 −𝐹𝐺𝐻 cos 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐷𝐻 sin 𝜃 − 𝐹𝐸𝐻 cos 𝜃 = 0

 −FGH × 0.928 − 2.681H × 0.371 − 0.513H × 0.928 = 0
 −0.371 × 𝐹𝐺𝐻 − 0.994𝐻 − 0.476𝐻 = 0
 FGH = 3.96H(T)

∑𝐻 = 0

 𝐹𝐶𝐻 − 𝐹𝐷𝐻 cos 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐸𝐻 sin 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐺𝐻 sin 𝜃 = 0

 𝐹𝐶𝐻 − 2.681𝐻0.928 + 0.513 × 0.371 + 𝐹𝐺𝐻 × 0.371 = 0
 𝐹𝐶𝐻 = 3.766𝐻(𝐶)

JOINT G

∑𝑉 = 0

 −𝐹𝐺𝐻 sin 2𝜃 + 𝐹𝐺𝐶 sin 2𝜃 = 0

 −3.96H × 0.688 + FGC × 0.688 = 0
 𝐹𝐺𝐶 = 3.96𝐻(𝐶)

∑𝐻 = 0

 -𝐹𝐺𝐽 − 𝐹𝐹𝐺 + 𝐹𝐺𝐻 cos 2𝜃 + 𝐹𝐺𝐶 cos 2𝜃 = 0

 𝐹𝐺𝐽 − 0.998𝐻 + 3.96 × 0.723 + 3.96 × 0.723 = 0
 𝐹𝐺𝐽 = 4.728𝐻(𝐶).
MEMBERS TENSION COMPRESSION
FAB 0 0
FAF 0.5 −
FBF − 0.371
FCB − 0.928
FFC 0.5 −
FFG 0.998 −
FCD − 3.19
FDH 2.681 −
FEH 0.513 −
FED − 1.28
FGH 3.96 −
FCH − 3.766
FGJ − 4.728
FGC − 3.96
