MI 004/01 EN

Single-stage
Centrifugal Pumps
- DIN EN 733 -

OPERATION MANUAL

Series
NNJ, NNJME, E-NM,
EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores S.A.
E-NPVL
Rua Comendador Brandão, 484
4495-375 Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal
Tel: [+351] 252298700
Fax: [+351] 252615480
www.efaflu.pt

AFTER-SALES SERVICE
Tel: [+351] 252 298 712
sav@efaflu.pt
 INDEX
Index page

1. Description .......................................................................... 04
1.1 Construction features
1.2 Applications
1.3 Noise level
2. Transport and storage .......................................................... 05
2.1 Transport
2.2 Onsite installation
2.3 Storage
3. General Safety ..................................................................... 05
3.1 General rules
3.2 Precautions during normal functioning
3.3 Residual risks
4. Installations ........................................................................ 06
4.1 Pump location
4.2 Foundation Levelling and Setting
4.3 Alignment
4.4 Connection of the suction piping and discharge
4.5 Final alignment verification
4.6 Electrical Connection
5. Commissioning and Startup ................................................ 08
5.1 Commissioning and startup
5.2 Appropriate use
6. Maintenance ........................................................................ 09
6.1 Current maintenance
6.2 Pump stop
7. Disassembly ......................................................................... 10
7.1 Disassembly of the pump from installation
7.2 Disassembly of the pump
8. Pump reassembling ............................................................ 14
9. Spare parts .......................................................................... 14
10. Functioning anomalies of the centrifugal pumps 15
11. Disposal ............................................................................. 18

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

Preface, Warranties and Limitations
I) Preface
The main function of this Instructions Manual is to help as much
as possible the assembling, operation and maintenance of the
equiment.
Not proceeding as indicated in this document or the wrong
utilization of the equipment by non authorized or non qualified
personnel can cause personal damaged due to this risks:
In the case of repair, EFAFLU guarantees the components repaired
for a period of 6 months from the date on which the equipment is
delivered to the customer, the repair or replacement of parts under
warranty does not constitute grounds for extension of the initial
warranty period.
Charges relating to shipping, taxes and insurance will be at charge
of the client.

> Rotating parts (high speed)

> High pressures and/or temperatures (When applicable)
> Hazardous fluids (When applicable)
> Potential electric danger

ATTENTION
The lack of compliance with the instructions of this
manual or the abnormal operation of the equipment by
non authorized or non qualified personnel can cause
severe personal and equipment damages.
The technical service from EFAFLU is at your total disposal
please contact us by phone or e-mail.

II) Reception on client – verification of expedition

documents

When receiving the equipment is necessary to verify the conformity

of the equipment with documents supplied and inspect it taking
special attention to possible damages caused by transportation.

Each equipment must be unpacked and inspected. In the event

of any anomaly, it must be immediately communicated to the
transportation agent, to EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A. and to
insurance company when applicable.

II) Warranty
The nature of the warranty of our supplies covers design defects,
manufacturing defects within the characteristics expressly indicated,
and assembly errors attributable to EFAFLU, for a period of 24
months from the date of invoice and/or the date on which the
material is available to the customer (unless stipulated otherwise by
agreement of both parties), and its client responsibility to prove, in
writing, all defects claimed.

The warranty is limited solely to the material object of supply and

consists in the replacement or repair, free of charge, of the parts or
defective parts, at designated location by EFAFLU.

Warranty is not valid in case of improper installation, abnormal or

defective use of the equipment, lack of vigilance or maintaining
of the equipment, non-observance of the expressly stated in the
respective instructions for use.

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

1. Description 1.3 Noise level
The following table shows the noise levels when the pumps are
1.1 Construction features driven by electric motors and when installed and used in accordance
with this manual.
- NNJ, NNJME and E-NM are single-stage pumps according to EN-733 The indicated values ​​have to be used as a reference since the actual
(DIN 24255). values measured
​​ at the facility are affected by the resonance of the
- NNJ pumps can be driven by electric or diesel motors using elastic building and piping.
couplings.
- NNJME and E-NM pumps are connected to electric motors in a single
block (close-coupled). Sound pressure level pA (db)*
- All these pumps are equipped with a mechanical seal, but the
pump can be equipped, if required, with a gland packing. Nominal Pump without motor Pump with motor
- For pumping liquids other than water may be necessary to assem- Pressure
ble the pump with different seals, gaskets, joints, and also in differ- Pn (kW) 2900 rpm 1450 rpm 2900 rpm 1500 rpm
ent materials. 1,5 54 53 65 60
- The impellers are hydraulically and dynamically balanced. 2,2 56 55 68 61
- The pumps within the standard range are PN10. The pumps out- 3,0 57 56 69 63
side the standard range, with a maximum differential pressure ex- 4,0 59 57,5 70 64
ceeding 10 bar, are PN16. 5,5 61 59 72 65
7,5 62 61 74 67

1.2 Applications 11,0 64 63 76 68

15,0 65,5 65 77 69
The pumps can be used in the following fields of application:
18,5 67 66 77 70
> Hydro power plants 22,0 69 67 78 71

> Irrigation systems 30,0 70 68 79 73

37,0 71 70 80 73,5
> Pressurization systems
45,0 72 71 81 74
> Cooling systems
55,0 73 72 82 75,5
> Firefighting systems 75,0 75 73 82,5 76,5

> Circulation of hot or cold water 90,0 76 74 83 77

110,0 77 75 83,5 77,5
> Condensed transportation
132,0 78 76 84 78
> Several industrial applications
160,0 79 77 84,5 79
200,0 80 78 85 80
• Maximum operating pressure: 10 bar (standard) and 16 bar for
250,0 81 79 85,5 81
pumps outside the standard range, with a maximum differen-
tial pressure that exceeds 10 bar. * measured at the distance of 1 meter from the pump according to DIN45635 Part 1 and 24.
• Minimum operating flow (indicative): The impact of the environment and the foundation isn’t considered. Tolerance is 1 to 2 dB.
- 0.3x nominal flow rate of the pump - no time limit
- 0.1x nominal flow rate of the pump - for very short periods and
for a short period, accumulated over the life of the pump.
• Maximum speed in the aspiration piping 2 m/s
• Maximum recommended speed in the discharge piping 3 m/s
• The temperature limits:
- Packing rings -100C + 1050C
- Mechanical seal “Standard” -100C + 950C
- Special mechanical seal -100C + 1200C

Always refer to the technical datasheet for more information.

Water pumps should not be used for food or drinking water.

Uses for food or drinking water should appear on the pump’s
datasheet.

04 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

2. Transport and storage Stops for long periods
• In cases of extended downtime drain the pipes and pump
through the drain plug at the bottom of the pump casing
2.1 Transport • Follow the instructions above under all circumstances
Before the handling check:

> The weight of the pump or engine pump group

> Dimensions
> The areas for mooring or lifting points
ATTENTION
The pump should be transported with suitable equipment for the
weight and dimensions of the parts or packages for handling.
Always use lifting equipment for weights greater than 20kg
3. General safety
3.1 General rules
The pump can only be used within the limits contained
in the technical specification.
For uses not described in the technical specification
EFAFLU need to be contacted to verify the compliance
of use, safety of the facility and equipment life.

3.2 Precautions during normal functioning

Precautions to be taken from the safety point of view are as follows:

> Do not insert hands or objects into the pump’s

openings or around the shaft in motion.
• Never suspend the pump from the shaft
• Never use the suspend eye of the engine to sustain the electric
pump , which is only prepared to sustain the weight of the
engine

2.2 Onsite installation

During installation and maintenance of the site there
must be available safe means of handling. The lifting
points of the equipments must be used.

2.3 Storage
When delivered the pump is usually ready for immediate installation.

Storage for a period until 3 MONTHS

• Store in a dry place and free of sand and vibration
• The room temperature should not be less than 50C
• The pump shaft should be rotated every 30 days, this avoids
damage to the bearings and gluing of the wear rings.
ATTENTION
In regulating the tightness of the glands when pump is equipped
with packing rings or cord is needed particular care to the nuts
and bolts, because they are very close to the shaft in motion.

Storage for a period exceeding 3 MONTHS

> In case of hot water pumping avoid contact with the liquid
• Place the pump on wood
and pump parts.
• Open the package and remove the protection of the flanges
of the pump and with compressed air clean the inside of the > Protect the engine and electrical components in accordance
pump and dry it if necessary with the standards and current legislation.
• Protect the interior of the pump with anti-condensation
products, close the flanges ensuring that no foreign objects The pump should be installed in a secure environment, with easy
infiltrate inside the pump access and ample surrounding space for the installation, exploration
• Cover the pump with a plastic film and place anti-condensation and maintenance to be done safely.
products
• Check the protections periodically
• It is recommended that the shaft is rotated every 30 days, it pre-
vents the breakdown of the bearings and gluing of wear rings.

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 05

3.3 Residual risks
Ignoring the safety instructions reported here or the inappropriate
use of the pump can result in heavy losses or serious personal injury.
Always avoid subjecting the pump to:
> Shocks
> Abnormal overpressures These should ensure a minimum distance of 25 mm between
> Dry run
> Flow rates below the minimum recommended
> Work with the discharge valve (output) closed
> Accidental contact with a cold liquid with parts of the
pump containing a hot liquid
4. Installations
4.1 Pump location
For handling the pump take into account the described
on paragraph 2.1 transportation.
The group motor/pump should be secured to a concrete
base where the anchor bolts must be preinstalled.
The pump should be sited as near as possible to the source of
the liquid, allowing the use of a short and direct suction pipe with
favorable suction conditions.
• The group motor/ pump must be installed on a leveled surface;
• To facilitate the handling of the base, pump and motor must be
removed before leveling operations.
• Supports and thin plate are needed to install and level the base
on the foundation.
• Put sets of supports with the anchor bolts as shown in the figure.
the top of the foundation and the bottom surface of the base to
create a space for subsequent entry of concrete sealing.
• The base is then ready to be sealed.
• Sealing the base with concrete
• Construct formwork around the base to hold the concrete. Fill
the space between the top of the foundation and the base. If
necessary, drill the base to allow escape of air (in case of base
plates).
• Wait long enough for stabilization of the concrete.
• Do not remove the supports and plates after sealing the concrete.
placa metálica
foundation plate
de assentamento
cofragem
formwork base
basis
comum
betão de
concrete
selagem

The installation should provide conditions for operators to perform

inspections and maintenance safely. calço
shims calços
shims
The installation site should have the means for lifting and handling or
at least be high enough to be able to use lifting equipment (in case of • After the concrete stabilized re-tighten the nuts of the anchor
heavy groups). bolts.
• The base is only truly rigid after being concreted.
• For pumps NNJME or E-NM is enough to fix them in a concrete
4.2 Foundation Leveling and Setting slab sufficiently rigid.

NNJ groups with electric engine or diesel connected by a durable

4.3 Alignment
flexible coupling.
• Not applicable to NJM and NNJME, as being close-coupled
Leveled the alignment is guaranteed by the type of mechanic
construction.
• Noise, vibration, excessive wear, destruction of the coupling,
bearings, bushings, wear rings, mechanical seals and possible
rupture of rotating parts, may result from a poor alignment of
pump and motor.
• The flexible coupling cannot be used to compensate the
misalignment of the shafts of the pump and motor. It’s intended
to compensate temperature changes and allow the movement
of the shaft ends without interference in the transmission of
engine power to the pump.
• It is mandatory to align the pump set after leveling and
tightening to the foundation.
• Realign the unit after connecting the piping to the pump.

06 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

Types of misalignment
There are two kinds of misalignment between the pump shaft and
the motor, as follows:
Angular misalignment - concentric tips of shaft but not parallel axes.
Parallel misalignment - parallel but not concentric shafts.
The proper alignment process is “laser”, following the manufacturer’s
instructions. In the absence of this equipment the recommended
method to align and/or verification is the gauge indicator. This
method is the most suitable to obtain a good concentricity between
the two ends of the axle shaft and respective half couplings.
1 2 3 protection
1. With the gauge indicator mounted on the shaft of the pump
side. Simultaneously turn the two half couplings for checking
the concentricity and correct as much as necessary.
2. With the gauge indicator mounted on the flange of the half cou-
pling, simultaneously run the two half couplings to check the
uniformity of the gap between the flanges and correct as much
as necessary.
3. With the gauge indicator mounted on the shaft of the motor
side. Simultaneously turn the two half couplings to verify the
concentricity and correct as much as necessary.
If there are no conditions for this method application, you can resort
to the method of measuring the outer contour of the half couplings
and the gap between their faces (picture below).
apalpa
apalpa
folgas
folgas
clearances checker
régua
régua
ruler
Way to proceed:
a) A ruler placed on the cylindrical surface of one of the half couplings,
also touches across the surface of the other half coupling.
b) Repeat the operation by moving the ruler 900 around the coupling.
c) With a feeler gauge, check that the distance between the two faces
of the half couplings is equal in its total periphery.
If any of these points is lacking, gently ease the mounting screws of
the engine and according to need:
• To correct low engine - upload the engine by applying plates/
thin supports made of brass or stainless steel under its feet.
• To correct lateral parallel or oblique deviations - proceed to
the correction of the positioning of the engine using a plastic
hammer (small engine) or lever (large motor).
If the pump will work at high temperature, the group has to be
realigned to temperature service.
After the alignment operation restore the coupling
4.4 Connection of the suction piping and discharge
To avoid misalignment, bearing overheating and excessive wear of
parts, it’s essential to make correct connections of the suction and
discharge piping. Vibrations, leak in seal, shaft breakage or cracking
of the bodies may result from improper plumbing connections, so
the flanges of the pipes and pump should be parallel and concentric
and attached without the need to make efforts to move them when
starting.
Never weld piping while connected to the pump. Must be installed
a retention valve and a shutoff valve in discharge pipe. The shut-off
valve is used to start the pump and also for proper regulation of flow.
The retention valve is to prevent the return of fluid to the pump in
case of power failure (preserves the pump from hydraulic shock).
PIPING WARNINGS
We recommend that the support is made appropriately and
regardless of the pump’s piping, avoiding any stress on the
suction flanges and the pump discharge.
Piping dimensions are not determined by the pump flanges
dimension but by the loss of acceptable pressure.
The correlation between the size of the pipes and the pump will be
made by eccentric cones in aspiration with top generating line on
the horizontal and concentric in discharge.
The suction piping layout should allow all air to be purged and not
become trapped inside.
Check if the pipes, the inlet and outlet holes of suction and discharge
and the aspiration tank contain any strange particles or incrustation
(clean them before making the pipe joints).
Temporarily install a filter as close as possible to the pump suction,
to filter the pumped liquid.
The flow passage area of the filter network must be at least 2 ½
times the area of the section of pipe. The filter should be used until
the pipes are completely clean.
EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 07
It is recommended the installation of pressure gauges upstream
and downstream of the filter to control obstruction. When there is a
significant pressure drop that means it is obstructed (blocked). Stop
the group immediately and clean the filter.
The pumps that convey hot liquids should have expansion joints in
the piping, to avoid efforts in flanges due to dilation.
When installing any elastic joint in the pipe under pressure, is
generated a force equal to the value of the multiplication of the
pressure (in kg/cm2) times the area of the free section of the elastic
joint (in cm2). Because this value increases with the pressure and
the section of the pipe, the pump cannot handle this force. You’ll
then need to unload this force in an external support, placing the
expansion joint by the following order: pump > external support >
joint, so the pump is protected.
4.5 Final alignment verification
Non applicable to the NNJ and NNJM/NNJME (single-stage)
After making all the pipe joints, you should recheck the alignment,
to ensure that the piping did not change the alignment of the group,
and after which you’ll need to reassemble the coupling’s guard.
If the pump is pumping hot liquids, the alignment of pump and motor
should be checked after the unit has reached operating temperatures.
Stop the pump and check the alignment.
It is recommended that a new check alignment is made after the first
days of normal work.
4.6 Electrical Connection
All electrical connections must be made only by
qualified personnel, and implemented in strict
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions of the
engine and electrical equipment.
Remove the cover of the terminal box, make
connections according to the instructions inside the
box or cover, then replace the cover and close the
terminal box.
ATTENTION
You must always install a system to protect the motor against
overloads or low voltages.
For the correct sizing of the protections must take into account
the values indicated on the engine’s nameplate.
All electrical connections must be done correctly and with proper
section cables.
08 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A
5. Commissioning and Startup
5.1 Commissioning and startup
Before the pump startup it’s necessary to:
• Prime the pump and the suction pipe;
• Once primed, close the discharge valve and start up the pump
for a split second checking the direction of rotation;
• If the rotation is not in accordance with the direction of the
arrow on pump’s body, correct it. As the motor is three-phased,
change one of the phases.
• If the start-up time with closed valve is not short, the pump
liquid undergoes a rapid heating, the pump vibrates, can
cavitate and destroy itself.
• Make sure when fixing the pipe alignment that it was not
damaged.
• Check that the pump and suction pipe are completely primed.
• If there are auxiliary circuits check that the liquid flows freely.
• Verify that all suction pipe is sealed to prevent the entry of air.
• The packing rings must be adjusted slightly so that the number
of drops per minute stabilizes between 30 and 60. But initially
the leak must be more abundant. The final adjustment of the
cable gland should be done to control leaks, after the pump
has worked in the required service conditions for a reasonable
time.
• If the seal is mechanical it doesn’t have regulation, but it should
not drip; if it does, dripping stops naturally after a short time.
Starting up:
• Make sure the pump is working within the operating limits and
current values in the control panel are not exceeding the values
indicated on the motor’s nameplate. If necessary, partially
close the valves or regulate the pressure switches.
• When the pump is controlled by variable speed, check the
machine for vibration if varying the frequency of the rotation
the machine vibration resonates with the vibration of the
machine itself.
• If there is resonance the solution is to inhibit this small variable
in the speed frequency field, or try to change the stiffness of
the whole pump/base/accessories/pipelines (operation always
expensive and uncertain).
• With variable speed, this should not run in continuous below
25 rotations per minute, at this frequency the flow changed
to half and the pressure to one fourth; these conditions
are no longer acceptable for exploration. Some frequency
converters manufacturers indicate minimum values of
frequency that should be followed.
If during the start up you notice that the pump operates
abnormally, then it is mandatory that you stop the
pump immediately and seek the causes.
ATTENTION
Before starting the pump, it is necessary that the installation
is completed properly from the standpoint of electrical and
mechanical. Never put the pump at work without being fully
filled with liquid. Check that all safety systems are active. It is
absolutely forbidden to start the pump without coupling guard
protection or without the cover of the terminal box installed.
5.2 Appropriate use
• Use the pump exclusively to pump the agreed liquids
(datasheet).
• Comply with the operating limits and minimum flow rate above
the minimum for continuous operation.
• Avoid a dry run:
- Causes immediate damage, such as the destruction of the
mechanical seal and plastic parts.
- Make sure that the pump is put into operation only with pump
liquid and it does not operate without it.
• Avoid cavitation:
- Fully open the valve on the suction side and do not use it to
regulate the flow.
- Do not open the valve on the pressure side beyond the agreed
set point.
• Avoid overheating:
- Do not place the pump working against a closed valve.
- Respect the minimum flow.
• Avoid engine damage:
- Do not open the valve on the pressure beyond the agreed set
point.
- Respect the number of switches of the engine allowed per hour
(manufacturer’s data).
• Check for any other use with manufacturer.
• In case of a supply of pumps without motor, the complete unit
(pump+motor) must be in accordance with the provisions of
the Machines Directive 2006/42/CE.
• Comply with the limits of the pump for temperature, pressure,
flow and rotation (Datasheet).
• The use of auxiliary systems operation, ensure constant power
supply of its working fluid.
Avoid use near pump limits
6. Maintenance
6.1 Regular maintenance
Checking the temperature of the bearing in a normal operation
mode is a very important action; this temperature should not
exceed 500C ambient temperature and never more than 800C total.
Once verified the smooth functioning of the installation (the
values of manometers, vacuum gauges and the ammeters,...), no
maintenance is required except for tests relating to:
• Proper functioning on the waterproofing
• Smooth functioning of the bearings
Gland Packing
Changing the seal when necessary, taking into account the quality
and size should always be in accordance with the intended use.
Replace all the rings and not only the two outer rings.
Check, in the area where works the seal works, the seal sleeve or in
the absence of it the shaft itself.
If there are grooves shallow parts can be reworked taking the
minimum, if not replace with a new piece. (See 5.1)
Mechanical Seal
If the seal tightness loses waterproofing, change it by another of the
same type and quality.
It is recommended to conduct an examination of the seal after 4,000
hours of operation: check the faces of friction if there are marks,
cracks, wear or pullout of material delivered and verify if the shaft
shirt or the shaft itself have wrinkles or cracks.
Bearings mass lubricated
The bearings are double shielded so they are lubricated for extended
bearing’s life.
The bearings must be replaced when they get noisy.
Control the bearing temperature, if exceeds 700C check alignment.
Bearings oil lubricated (when applicable)
An oil-type CLP ISO VG 46, with a viscosity index of ≥100 (E.g.
Fuchs RENOLIN B) is sufficient for proper lubrication in almost
all conditions. However, other installations may require specific
viscosities for proper lubrication.
Fill the bearing box with oil to the indicated level. If the pump is
equipped with constant level oilers, it is not necessary to readjust
the oil level.
To refill, turn the hood and fill it then release it.
Run the first oil change during the first 200 hours of operation.
For the following changes, the period shall not exceed the 2500
hours.
EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 09
 7.1 Disassembly of the pump from installation
bearing • Remove the caps and if necessary free the motor from
bracket
lubricator settlement base.
• Remove the screws of fixation from the pump to piping.
• Turn off all power auxiliary supplies and all connections to
measurement devices and control.
• Disassemble the pump by unscrewing the fasteners to the base.
• Remove the pump and/ or the motor using the means
position to complete
oil level
described in 2 and send the pump to a qualified company or the
manufacturer.

drainage plug correct oil level

7.2 Disassembling the pump

Annually
Measure equipment vibrations. NNJ
If after a vibration analysis it appears that there is no evidence of
03D 45A 03C 45B 06A
degradation of the bearings, misalignment, nor unbalances and also 16A 05C 13B 05B 31A 09B
18A
the characteristics of the pump is not degraded, is not necessary to
17
disassemble the pump. 01A
42A

In the absence of the vibration analysis disassemble the pump com- 09A
03A
pletely. Check for wear, corrosion and erosion of all parts and re-
place damaged ones. Replace all gaskets and packing cords.
Seals – analyze (see 2.1).
Check the alignment of the group.
Check reliability of valves, manometers, etc..

05A
04

6.2 Pump stop 18A

65A 07 05D 34A 02

Perform the following operations: 03B 13A 03E 26
- Cut the power supply
- Close the suction and discharge valves
42B
34B 31B 36 41
Once the pump is stopped and there’s risk of frost, empty the pump 13E 06B 47 16B 01B 13C/F

completely.
Prime the pump before restarting and proceed in accordance with 5.1.

7. Disassembly
The operations of disassembly and reassembly should only be made
by qualified personnel. 18B

Before any intervention on the pump you need to: OIL LUBRICATED HOLES FOR AXIAL
BEARING BRACKET BALANCE
- Cut the power supply;
- Close the suction and discharge valves;
45D
- If the pump operates with liquids at a high temperature
wait until it reaches room temperature;
- Drain the liquid from the interior through the drainage
hole at the bottom of the pump.

PACKING SEAL

10 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

01 Impeller NNJM
02 Shaft 03D 45A 03C 52
16 05C 45B 05B 49
03A Impeller Washer 18A
17
03B Centrifugal Washer 01A
42A
03C/D/E Washer 09A
03A
04 Bushing
05A Self-locking Nut
05B/C/D Nut
06 Bearing
05A
07 Circlip 65A
18A
09A Impeller Key
13B
09B Key
11 Shaft Sleeve 01 Impeller
13A Bearing Bracket Cover 02 Shaft

13B Casing Cover 03A Impeller Washer

16A Casing Joint 03B Splash ring

03C/D/E Washer
16B Joint
04 Bushing
17 Casing
05A Self-locking Nut
18A/B Plug
05B/C/D Nut
21 Gland
06 Bearing
26 Supporting foot 07 Circlip
31A Bearing bracket 09A Impeller Key
31B Oil bearing Bracket 09B Key
34A/B Screw 11 Shaft sleeve
36 Oil level control 13A Bearing bracket cover

41 Shaf sealing ring 13B Casing cover

42A/B Wear Ring 16A Casing joint

16B Joint
45A/B/C/D Bolt
17 Casing
47 Vent plug
18A/B Plug
49 Motor
21 Gland
52 Adaptor
26 Support foot
64 Lantern ring 31A Bearing bracket
65A Mechanical Seal 31B Oil bearing bracket
65B Gland Packing 34A/B Screw
41 Retainer
42A/B Wear Ring
45A/B/C/D Bolt
47 Vent plug
49 Motor
52 Adapter
64 Lantern Ring
65A Mechanical seal
65B Gland packing

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 11

NNJME
NNJ pumps with bearing bracket by mass and mechanical
seal:
Remove the fixation nuts (05C) from the casing cover to the casing,
18A
03D 45A 03C 52 03G 49 remove the set bearing bracket / casing cover / impeller, from the
16A 05C 45B 05B 34A 03E
17 pump’s casing (31A/13B/01).
01
42A
In the casing of the pump remove the drain plug and the plug of the
09A outlet pressure (caps 18A).
03A
02 In the set motor bracket / casing cover / impeller remove self-locking
nut (5A), and remove the impeller (01). Then remove the fixing nuts
(05B) from the cover to bearing bracket without unlock the cover,
then carefully, because the mechanical seal is housed in the cover,
remove the casing cover (13B), collect the rotating portion of me-
05A
chanical seal (65A) and remove the stationary part of the same seal
65
18A of the body cap (13B).
13B 03H 34C 05E Dismounting the bearing itself: remove the centrifuge ring (03B), re-
34B 03B 03F 35
move the brake (07) and the cover bearing (013th), remove the fixed
05F* 34D
part of union to the shaft (02) and with a press, press the shaft from
the union side to remove the shaft with the bearings of the bearing.
Remove now the bearings from the shaft.

01 Impeller
02 Shaft NNJ pumps with gland packing
The process is the same as the version with mechanical seal, with
03A Impeller washer
the following differences: in the beginning to remove the nuts (05E)
03B Special washer that compress the gland (21) and remove the gland. After removing
03C Washer the cover remove the gland packing (65B) and the lantern ring (64).

03D/F Washer
NNJ pumps with bearing brackets lubricated with oil
03E Washer
Drain the oil through the drain plug (18B), remove the constant lev-
03H Washer el oiler (36), screws (34) of the two bearing brackets, remove their
05A Self-locking nut joints and finally grab the shaft bearings.

05B Nut
NNJME pumps
05C/E Nut
The process is the same as the version with mechanical seal, with
09A Impeller key the following differences:
13B Casing cover The process ends when the disassembly is isolated from the bracket
itself, which in this version the engine stays isolated.
16A O'ring
17 Casing
18A Plug
34A Bolt
34B Bolt
34C Bolt
42 Wear ring
45A Stud
45B Stud
49 Motor
52 Adaptor
65 Mechanical seal

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

E-NM Pumps The dismount of these pumps will start by removing the screws
(200) of fixing the body and remove the body, from it remove the
wear ring (73).
Remove the impeller’s nut (34), remove the impeller (7), spacer (30)
and mechanical seal (11).
Remove the O-ring (26) and the casing cover (4), leaving the bearing
bracket isolated.

After pump dismounting all parts must be cleaned and checked

their condition and degree of wear, namely the impeller, wear ring,
the shaft shirt if exists, and bearings. Damaged or worn parts must
be replaced by spare parts.
As a precaution, bearings, gaskets, o-rings, seals and packing cords
should always be replaced.
Check the status of the impellers, wear rings, bearings, shaft sleeves
and bearings, if worn or scratched or damaged must be replaced.

E-NPVL Pumps

001 Casing 022 Tie bolt

003 Motor bracket 025 Drain plug
004 Casing cover 026 O-ring
006 Shaft with rotor 030 Mechanical seal spacer
007 Impeller 032 Key
011 Mechanical seal 034 Impeller nut
012 Motor frame with stator 038 Counter flange
013 Motor cover 042 Motor support
014 Fan 056 Box gasket
015 Fan cover 058 Cable entry
016 Terminal box 072 Casing ring
017 Terminal box cover 073 Casing ring
018 Splash ring 092 Lip seal
019 Pump side ball bearing 093 Lip seal
020 Fan side ball bearing 200 Screw 001 Casing 032 Key

021 Adjusting ring 003 Bearing bracket 033 Key

004 Casing cover 034 Impeller nut
006 Shaft with rotor 038 Counter flange
007 Impeller 066-067 Bearing cover
011 Mechanical seal 072 Casing ring
018 Splash ring 073 Casing ring
019 Bearing 089 Seeger ring
020 Bearing 092 Lip seal
025 Drain plug 093 Lip seal
026 O-ring 200 Screw
Mechanical seal
030 spacer

12 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

The dismount of these pumps will start by removing the screws (200)
of fixing the body and remove the body, from it remove the wear ring
9. Spare parts
(73).
Remove the impeller’s nut (34), remove the impeller (7), spacer (30) For a secure and easy process, to process your order must always
and mechanical seal (11). specify:
Remove the O-ring (26) and the body cover (4), leaving the motor • Type of pump
bracket isolated. • Serial number of the pump
• The name of the part and its number referred on the cut draw

Dismantling the bearing bracket starts by removing the respective

Pumps type and the serial number are registered on the nameplate.
cover from the side of the impeller (66) with its lip seal (92).
Remove the brake (89), the keys (32) and (33). Remove the shaft (6)
The store parts recommended are:
from the motor bracket (3) and bearings (19) and (20) of the shaft.
Remove the bearing cover (67) by coupling side and the foot (42).
For pumps for non critical usage (related with the conse-
quences on a repairing delay):
After pump dismounting all parts must be cleaned and checked • A complete set of gaskets and O-rings
their condition and degree of wear, namely the impeller, wear ring, • A complete set of wear parts (bushings, wear rings,
the shaft sleeve if exists, and bearings. Damaged or worn parts must shaft sleeves)
be replaced by spare parts. • A set of packing rings ( mechanicals or gland packing)
As a precaution, bearings, gaskets, o-rings, seals and packing cords
should always be replaced. For pumps in critical usage
Check the status of the impellers, wear rings, bearings, shaft shirts Beside all parts referred also:
and bearings, if worn or scratched or damaged must be replaced. • Impeller
• Shaft
Set of wear rings
The clearance between the wear rings and impeller should be veri-
fied, clearance means the difference between the inside diameter
of the outer ring of the casing and the impeller collar. If clearance is
higher than 0,7, wear rings should be replaced.

During its functioning, the clearance tends to increase, making the

decrease of the characteristics and the incoming of pump that can
make necessary to the respective substitution.
Its proper have one set of substitution parts to be able to restore the
characteristics.

8. Pump reassembling
Select to do the assembling an adequate area, particularly clean.
Clean carefully every part to reassembly.
Do not use lubrication oil to assemble O-rings or gaskets, because
over time cause a chemical attack that draw life into these parts, use
soap or specific lubricant.

Proceed to the reassembling on the inverse sequence

from the disassembling.
- Before starting the pump confirm that rotates freely
- Connect the auxiliary lines and close the drain plug
- Do priming pump
- You should always review the alignment

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 13

10. Functioning anomalies of the centrifugal pumps

Table 1

Anomaly Possible causes (see table 2)

1. Pump doesn’t delivers ..................................................................... 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 21, 22, 25, 30, 32, 38, 40
2. Pump don’t deliver the desired flow ................................................ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7a, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 31,
32, 40, 41, 44, 63, 64
3. Pump doesn’t target the desired pressure ....................................... 4, 6, 7, 7a, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 34, 39, 40, 41,
44, 63, 64
4. Pump unprimed after starting up .................................................... 2, 4, 6, 7, 7a, 8, 9, 10, 11
5. Pump consumes excessive power ................................................... 20, 22, 23, 24, 26, 32, 33, 34, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 61, 69, 70, 71
6. Pump vibrates or makes noise with any flow ................................... 2, 16, 37, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57,
58, 59, 60, 61, 67, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85
7. Pump vibrates or makes noise at reduced flows .............................. 2, 3, 17, 19, 27, 28, 29, 35, 38, 77
8. Pump vibrates or makes noise with high flows ................................ 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 33, 34, 41
9. The shaft oscillates axially ............................................................... 17, 18, 19, 27, 29, 35, 38
10. Vanes with visible wear of the impellers ........................................ 3, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 41
11. Hidden vanes of the impeller ......................................................... 12, 17, 19, 29
12. Impellers vanes with compression wear near centre ..................... 37
13. Impellers vanes with compression wear near the back vanes or the 27, 29
back vanes itself
14. Impellers back vanes bent or fractured ......................................... 27, 29
15. Pump is overheated and seized-up ............................................... 1, 3, 12, 28, 29, 38, 42, 43, 45, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59,
60, 61, 62, 77, 78, 82
16. The internal parts show prematurely wear .................................... 66
17. Internal tolerances set damaged ................................……………… 3, 28, 29, 45, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 61, 62, 66, 67
… 63, 64, 65
18. Discontinuity (by strain) on the body joint limits of the axial split
pumps 53, 63, 64, 65
19. Discontinuity (by strain) on stationary internal joints ................... 8, 9, 45, 54, 55, 57, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74
20. Excessive leak in the seal box or seal with premature wear ..........
8, 9
21. Sleeveof the stuffing box damaged .............................................. 45, 54,5 5, 57, 58, 62, 75, 76
22. Excessive leakage of fluid from the mechanical seal ..................... 45, 54, 55, 57, 58, 62, 75, 76
23. Sides of the mechanical seal damaged ......................................... 3, 29, 41, 42, 45, 50, 51, 54, 55, 58, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85
24. Bearings prematurely wear ........................................................... 45, 50, 51, 54, 67
25. Failure in the coupling ...................................................................

14 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

Table 2

POSSIBLE CAUSES FOR ANOMALIES

Suction Anomalies
1. The pump is not primed
2. Pump suction pipe not completely filled with liquid
3. Available NPSH Insufficient
4. Excess of air or gas in the liquid
5. Air pocket in suction pipe
6. Air entrance into the suction pipe
7. Air inlet in the box of packing rings or mechanical seal
7a. Air supply source in fluid sealing
8. Tubing seal obstructed
9. Seal box badly mounted
10. Entrance to the suction pipe barely dipped
11. Vortex formation at the suction
12. Pump operating with the suction valve totally or partially closed
13. Suction Strainer clogged
14. Obstruction in suction line
15. Excessive pressure losses in suction
16. Impeller clogged
17. Suction curve in a parallel plan to the shaft (double suction pumps)
18. Two curves in the suction pipe 900 to one another, causing turmoil and pre-rotation
19. Pump selection with specific suction speed too high

Other hydraulic anomalies

20. Pump speed too high

21. Pump speed too low
22. Counter-clockwise rotation
23. Inverted mounting of the double suction impeller
24. Uncalibrated Instruments
25. Impeller diameter less than the required
26. Impeller diameter greater than the required
27. Selection of the impeller with a high ratio too high
28. Pump running with compression valve closed without opening a by-pass
29. Pump operating at a flow rate below the minimum recommended
30. Static height above the height of the shut-off
31. Pressure loss in compression higher than those established
32. Total height of the system higher than the pump design
33. Total height of system lower than pump design
34. Pump running at a flow rate too high (for pumps of low specific speed)
35. Pump running at too low flow (for pumps of high specific speed)
36. Parallel operation of pumps poorly selected for the work required
37. Specific gravity of liquid different from provided
38. Viscosity of liquid differs from expected
39. Tolerance sets internaly deteriorated
40. Piping obstruction in balancing device
41. Foreign elements in the suction source (imbalance between pressure on the liquid surface and vapor pressure in the suction
flange)

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 15

 Mechanical anomalies - General
44. Clogged impellers
45. Misalignment
46. Insufficiently rigid foundation
47. Loose fixing screws
48. Loosened screws from pump or engine
49. Incorrect filling of the base
50. Excessive forces and moments on the pump flanges
51. Expansion joints incorrectly assembled
52. Pump start without enough preheating
53. Mounting surfaces of internal parts (wear rings, impellers, shaft sleeves, shaft nuts, bearings, etc.).
54. Inclined shaft
55. Unbalanced Rotor
56. Loose parts on shaft
57. Shaft running off center due to wear of bearings
58. Pump operating at critical speed or near it
59. Excessive length of shaft or shaft diameter too small
60. Resonance between the operating speed and the natural frequency of the foundation, the base or of the piping
61. Rotary set rotary friction with the stationary set
62. Incursion of hard solid particles in the operating tolerances clearances
63. Body joint material poorly selected
64. Incorrect assembly of the joint
65. Wrong tightening of the casing screws
66. Pump materials suitable for the pumped liquid
67. Improper lubrication of couplings

Mechanical Anomalies – Seal area

68. Shaft or shaft shirts worn or damaged

69. Inadequated seal to working conditions
70. Poorly mounted seal
71. Gland too tight preventing the entry of the lubricating fluid seal
72. Tolerances clearances excessive in the bottom of the seal box prompting the passage of the seal into the pump
73. Dirt or sand in the liquid seal
74. Failure of the cooling liquid in cooled stuffing boxes
75. Mechanical seal inadequate to the required operating conditions
76. Mechanical seal improperly installed

Mechanical problems - Bearings

77. Excessive radial momentum in a single volute pumps

78. Excessive axial thrust resulting from deterioration of the internal tolerances or defect, or excessive wear of the balancing device
when used.
79. Incorrect grade of lubricant or oil
80. Excessive lubricant or oil in anti-friction bearings
81. Lack of lubrication
82. Improper installation of anti-friction bearings, including damage during installation, incorrect installation of rollings, improper
use of bearings as a pair, etc..
83. Dirt in bearings
84. Humidity on bearings
85. Excessive cooling in water cooled bearings

16 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A

Table 3

Diagnosis based on Seal Condition

SYMPTOM CAUSE
- Wear on one or two rings closest to the stuffing gland. Rest of - Incorrect installation of the packing rings
the rings Ok
- Wear on the external diameter of the packing rings - Packing rings rotating with shaft or leak between packing
rings and the internal diameter of the stuffing box
- Incorrect project of the seal or incorrect cut of the packing rings

- Internal circumference of packing rings carbonized or glazed - Overheating

- Insufficient leak for the packing rings lubrication. Unadapted
seal.
- Extremely deteriorated internal diameter or packing rings on - Eccentric rotation
sections of the internal circumference

Table 4

Vibration Symptoms and causes

VIBRATION FREQUENCY CAUSE
- Pump RPM – several times - Bad condition of the bearings
- Pump RPM – Twice - Loose parts on the motor. Axial misalignment of the coupling.
Double volute influence were the distance is too small
- Pump RPM - Rotor unbalance, clogged impeller. Loose or misaligned cou-
pling.
- Passage frequency – Pump RPM x nº vanes - Vane passing syndrome – insufficient distance between collec-
tor vanes.
- Suction Section Recirculation

- Half speed rotation - Oil Wirl

- Random low frequency - Internal recirculation on the impeller, or cavitations
- Random High frequency - Usually resonance
- Sub synchronous frequency – About 70% of pump’s RPM - Hydraulic resonance

11. Decommissioning
The decommissioning and dismantling will occur when the pump is
permanently stopped.
We must ensure the avoidance of polluting materials into the interior
pump. We recommend the selective dismantling of the pump.

The materials are:

• Steel, cast iron or bronze
• Rubber and plastic products
• Copper and brass

Liquids and polluting materials should be disposed of according to

regulations.

EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A 17

18 EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores, S.A
COMPANY
EFAFLU is a Portuguese company with more than 70 years of experience,
entirely dedicated to development, manufacture, marketing, technical
support as well as after-sales service of pumps, pumping systems and
fans. Our products are distributed throughout Portugal and abroad by
specialized and qualified partners. 04/2019
MI 004/01 EN