ECE 260 ES 2 Lecture 01 Slides PDF

Electrical Science - 2
(ECE-260)
Lecture-01
Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Course Overview

Background Expected
 Basics of Electromagnetism
 Circuit Analysis concepts (ES-1)

Grading Plan
 Assignments/Quizzes – 20%
 Mid Exam – 30%
 End Semester Exam – 50%

Texts/References
1. Principles & Applications of Electrical Engineering

by Rizzoni
2. Circuits, Devices & Systems by Smith & Dorf
3. Engineering Circuit Analysis by Hayt, Kemmerly

& Durbin

Office Hours
5:00 – 7:00 pm on Fridays

Methods of Producing
Electricity

Various Methods
 Friction

Various Methods
 Friction
 Chemical

Various Methods
 Friction
 Chemical
 Pressure

Various Methods
 Friction
 Chemical
 Pressure
 Heat

Various Methods
 Friction
 Chemical
 Pressure
 Heat
 Light

Various Methods
 Friction
 Chemical
 Pressure
 Heat
 Light
 Magnetism

Static Electricity (Friction)

Voltaic Cell

Voltaic Cell

Sealed Cells

Fuel Cell

Piezo Electricity

Thermo Electricity

Thermopile

Photo Electricity

Solar Cell

Array of Solar Cells

Electromagnetic Induction

Methods Generally used
 Friction
 Chemical
 Light
 Pressure
 Heat
 Magnetism

Nuclear Power Plant

History of Electromagnetism

Oersted’s Observation

Oersted’s Experiment
 Demonstrated in 1820.
 Before this, electricity & Magnetism are treated

as independent.
 This is the first demonstration which showed that

electricity produces magnetic field.


When the wire carries current in one direction,

the compass moves in a particular direction and
if the current direction is changed the compass
deflects exactly in opposite direction.


Ampere’s Demonstration

Ampere’s Experiment
 Demonstrated in 1820.
 Observed the magnetic effects of an electric

current.
 There is a force of repulsion or attraction

between two current carrying conductors placed
nearby.
 The expression force the force is deduced from

the experimental results.

Ampere’s Observation

Michael Faraday’s Experiment
Showed that electric current carrying conductor
placed in a magnetic field experiences force causing
the conductor motion.
Click on the image for video.

Principle of Induction
Faraday was convinced that if electricity could
produce magnetism then magnetic field can also
produce electricity.


 When the switch in the primary circuit is closed,

galvanometer in the secondary circuit defects
momentarily.
 The emf induced in the secondary circuit is

caused by the changing magnetic field through
the secondary coil.

Faraday also demonstrated that electric current can
be produced in a coil by moving a steady current
carrying coil or a magnet towards or away from the
coil.

Lenz’s Law

Faraday’s Experiments
Through the experiments, Faraday demonstrated

the basic principles of motor, generator, induction
coil, and Transformer.

Electromagnetic Devices
Joseph Henry built a commercial electromagnetic
device to lift heavy loads in 1831.

Electromagnetic Devices
Joseph Henry also built a beam motor.
Click on the image for video.

Maxwell’s Equations
Maxwell formulated 4 equations related to electro-
magnetic fields in 1864.
Used the discoveries of Coulomb, Oersted, Ampere

and Faraday to formulate four basic relations.
Also, calculated the theoretical velocity of

propagation of electromagnetic waves (concluded
that light is an electromagnetic wave)

Maxwell’s Equations

Magnetic Fields

Lines of Force in a Magnetic
Field

Field

Field

Force on a charge moving in
a Magnetic Field

Force on a charge moving in
a Magnetic Field

Magnetic Field due to Currents
ar

Biot-Savart’s Law
ar

Biot-Savart’s Law
ar
ar is the unit vector in the direction of r

Magnetic Field due to Long Straight
Current Carrying Conductor
z
(x0 , y0 , z0)
p
r
I
Idl
(0, 0, z)
z
D
y
(0,0,0)

B at point p = (x0 , y0 , z0) due the current carrying

conductor is


conductor is


conductor is
where

B at any point p on y-z plane (i.e., x = 0) due the

current carrying conductor is
where
The direction of the magnetic field at point p

will be in – ax direction (-ve X axis, that is, into
and perpendicular to the page )

Ampere’s Circuital Law
The law states that the line integral of vector H
along any arbitrary closed path is equal to the
current enclosed by the path.


Magnetic field calculation using Ampere’s circuital

law makes calculation much simpler compared to
Biot Savart’s law.

Magnetic field calculation using Ampere’s circuital

law makes calculation much simpler compared to
Biot Savart’s law.
One has to choose suitable path looking at the field
distribution.
z
d
y
I p

Magnetic Field using Ampere’s Law
H
dl
D

H
dl
D
H = H aø

H
dl
D
H = H aø
dl = Ddø aø
x



A/m

ECE 260 ES 2 Lecture 01 Slides PDF

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

ECE 260 ES 2 Lecture 01 Slides PDF

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Electrical Science - 2

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

 Circuit Analysis concepts (ES-1)

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

 Mid Exam – 30%

 End Semester Exam – 50%

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

1. Principles & Applications of Electrical Engineering

2. Circuits, Devices & Systems by Smith & Dorf

3. Engineering Circuit Analysis by Hayt, Kemmerly

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

5:00 – 7:00 pm on Fridays

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

 Before this, electricity & Magnetism are treated

 This is the first demonstration which showed that

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

When the wire carries current in one direction,

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

 Observed the magnetic effects of an electric

 There is a force of repulsion or attraction

 The expression force the force is deduced from

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Click on the image for video.

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

 When the switch in the primary circuit is closed,

 The emf induced in the secondary circuit is

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Through the experiments, Faraday demonstrated

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Electrical Science-2 Instructor: Rambabu Kalla, IIIT Hyderabad

Click on the image for video.

Used the discoveries of Coulomb, Oersted, Ampere