TRANSFORMACIONES COEFICIENTES DE DESEMPEÑO PROPIEDADES DE SUSTANCIAS PURAS

𝑅 = °𝐹 + 460 𝑄𝐿 1 ℎ = ℎ𝑙 + 𝑥ℎ𝑓𝑔 ℎ, 𝑢, 𝑠
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑅 = =
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 𝑄𝐻 /𝑄𝐿 −1
°𝐹 = 1,8°𝐶 + 32 𝑚𝑣
𝑄𝐻 1 𝑥=
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐻𝑃 = = 𝑚𝑣 +𝑚𝑙
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 1 − 𝑄𝐿 /𝑄𝐻
1𝐵𝑇𝑈 = 5,40395 𝑓𝑡 3 ∗ 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐻𝑃 = 1 + 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑅
EFICIENCIAS ISOENTROPICAS
BALANCES DE ENERGÍA 𝐸𝐸𝑅 = 3.1412𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑟 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 ℎ1 − ℎ2𝑎
𝑛𝑙𝑙 𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐴 = =
𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝐼𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑜 ℎ1 − ℎ2𝑥
𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 ∆𝑈 = 𝑊 − 𝑄
ENTROPÍA 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜 ∆𝐻 = 𝑊 − 𝑄 𝑛𝑙𝑙 𝐶𝑂𝑀𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑂𝑅 =
𝜕𝑄 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝐶𝑝 = 𝐶𝑣 + 𝑅 ∆𝑆 =
𝑇 𝑛𝑡é𝑟
FORMULAS DE CARNOT 𝑛𝑙𝑙 =
𝑛𝑡é𝑟,𝑟𝑒𝑣
∆𝑆 + ∆𝑆𝑔𝑒𝑛 = ∆𝑆𝑠𝑖𝑠
1-2; 3-4 (isotérmico)
𝑋𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑋𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑎
G(cerrado) 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑇𝑑𝑠 − 𝑃𝑑𝑣 𝑛𝑙𝑙 = =1−
𝑉2 𝑃1 𝑋𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑋𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜
𝑊 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑙𝑛 = 𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛 G(abierto) 𝑑ℎ = 𝑇𝑑𝑠 + 𝑣𝑑𝑃
𝑉1 𝑃2
𝐼𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎 = 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
2-3; 4-1 (adiabático) Líquidos, sólidos
𝑇2 𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑟 = 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝑅 𝑇2 − 𝑇1 𝑃1 𝑉1 − 𝑃2 𝑉2 ∆𝑆 𝑠,𝑙 = 𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 ln
𝑊= = 𝑇1
∝ −1 ∝ −1
Gases ideales EXERGIA
𝑇2 𝑉2
(cerrado) ∆𝑆 𝑔 = 𝐶𝑣 ln + 𝑅 𝑙𝑛 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 𝑃 ∆𝑉
𝑇1 𝑉1
RELACIONES ISENTROPICAS
(Cp=cte)Isentropicos gas ideal 𝑇2 𝑃 𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 = 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑟𝑑
(abierto) ∆𝑆 𝑔 = 𝐶𝑝𝑙𝑛 − 𝑅𝑙𝑛 𝑃2
𝑇1 1
𝑇𝐹𝐼𝑁𝐴𝐿 𝑉𝐼𝑁𝐼𝐶𝐼𝐴𝐿 𝛼−1 𝐼 = 𝑇0 𝑆𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝑠𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙 𝑠𝑎𝑙
= ; Cp variable
𝑇𝐼𝑁𝐼𝐶𝐼𝐴𝐿 𝑉𝐹𝐼𝑁𝐴𝐿 𝐼 = 𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑡 − 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑇
𝛼−1 𝑑𝑇
𝑇𝑓 𝑃𝑓 𝛼 𝑆2 0 − 𝑆1 0 = 𝐶𝑝 𝑇 𝑊𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿,𝑈𝑇𝐼𝐿 = 𝑈 − 𝑈0 + 𝑃0 𝑉 − 𝑉0
= ; 𝑇 − 𝑇0 𝑆 − 𝑆0
𝑇𝑖 𝑃𝑖 0

𝑃𝑓 𝑉𝑖
∝
∆𝑆 = 𝑆2 0 − 𝑆1 0 − 𝑅 𝑙𝑛
𝑃2 𝜑𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 = ∆𝑈 + 𝑃0 ∆𝑉 − 𝑇0 ∆𝑆
= 𝑃1 + 𝑚𝐸𝐾 + 𝑚𝑔ℎ
𝑃𝑖 𝑉𝑓
Isentropicos CP=variable 𝜑𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜 = ∆𝐻 − 𝑇0 ∆𝑆 + 𝑚𝐸𝑘 + 𝑚𝑔ℎ
EFICIENCIAS 𝑆2 0 = 𝑆1 0 + 𝑅 𝑙𝑛
𝑃2
𝑇𝑜
𝑃1 𝑋𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 = 1 − ∗𝑄
𝑇
Carnot
𝑋𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 = 𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 𝑇𝐿 𝑃2 𝑃𝑟2
𝜂 𝑇𝐻 = =1− =
𝑄𝐻 𝑇𝐻 𝑃1 𝑃𝑟1 𝑋sin 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 = 𝑇𝑜 ∆𝑆
𝑆=𝐶𝑇𝐸
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 = 𝑄𝐻 − 𝑄𝐿 𝑉2 𝑉𝑟2 𝑋𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 = 𝑇𝑜 𝑆2 − 𝑆1 + 𝑆𝑔𝑒𝑛
=
𝑛 𝑊𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐿
𝑉1 𝑆=𝐶𝑇𝐸 𝑉𝑟1
𝐼𝐼 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏=
𝑊𝐼𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐿.

𝑛 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑣 Min de trabajo del compresor

𝐼𝐼 𝑏𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑎=
𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 Compresion etapas multiples 2W
𝑘𝑅𝑇1 𝑃2 𝑘−1 𝑛𝑅𝑇1 𝑃𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑆0𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑝,𝑒𝑛𝑡 = [ 𝑘 − 1] 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑝,𝑒𝑛𝑡 = [ 𝑛 −1
𝑘−1 𝑃1
𝑛 − 1 𝑃1
1 𝑃𝑥 𝑃2 𝑛𝑅𝑇1 𝑃2 𝑛−1
𝑃𝑥= 𝑃1 𝑃2 2 𝑜 = + [ 𝑛 −1
𝑃1 𝑃𝑥 𝑛 − 1 𝑃𝑥