Why do we need analytics?

1. Cost reduction: Investments on company, campaigns etc. (Which section performs well)
2. Better marketing: present market, public demand: create a better product (Trend) {Models}
3. Organization analysis: current situation (Their own performance as an individual and organization)

What exactly is Business analytics?

Process of examining a large set of data and determine a pattern or correlation. (Org. data, market
research) to find the missing thing.

Gives idea for which path to follow

Data visualization: visual access to data to enable other people to process raw data (Pie charts, bar
graphs)

R: programming language and statistical language + Data analysis and data visualization

Fundamentals:
1. Variables: reserved memory location
Three ways to create a variable
a. X = 25
b. Y <- “Hello”
c. True -> B

Data operator:

Arithmetic operator: +, -, *, /, ^, %%, %/%

Assignment operators: = , <-, <<-,- >>

Relational operators: <, >, ==, != {These give the Boolean values}

Logical operators: &, |, !

Special operators: :, %in%

Data types:

1. Vectors: basic data types {Numerical, integers, floats, character, complex, logical}
2. List: have different data types in single entity
3. Arrays: store data in more than 2 dimensions
4. Matrices: two dimensional entity { matrix(data, Nrow, Ncolumn, byrow, dimnames)}
5. Factors: categories data in levels (It shows the unique entities inside from the data set)
6. Data frames: It is a table or a matrix representation (2 dim){data.frame()}

Flow control statement:

1. Selector statement: If, If-else and switch

A. IF statement: syntax
 {If(condition):
Statement}

B. IF-ELSE statement: Syntax

If(Condition1)
{Statement
.
.
.}
Else
{Statement}

C. Switch Statement: Syntax

Switch (Expression,
Value1: statement 1
Value 2: statement 2
.
.
Default statement
)

Loops: Re-iterate, types: REPEAT, WHILE, FOR (Number of iterations are known)

Repeat loop syntax:

Repeat{

Commands

If(condition) {

Break

}}

While loop syntax:

While(condition is true)

Statements

For loop syntax:

For(value in vector)
{

statement

Visualization of data in R:

1. Pie charts
2. Bar charts
3. Boxplot
4. Histogram
5. Line graph
6. Scatter plot

Pie charts: best used to compare parts of group.

Bar chart: comparison between two different groups

Histogram: displays the frequency

Line graph: single and multiline { Type: p- points; L- lines; O- lines and points}

Scatter plots: One variable is affected by another