During this time we often enjoy electrical energy and even we cannot escape with

electricity, at home, office, school, our campus is never separated from electricity. In
modern times almost all equipment in our environment is related to electrical energy. But
do you know where electricity comes from and how electricity can reach our homes. At
this time with me rejeki anggun lestari. number absen 16. i will describe the electrical
distribution from the power plants to houses.
The electrical energy ditribution sytem is divided into several parts called the electric
power system (STL), the electric power system is a series of electricity distribution
installations which are divided into:
1. Generation
2. Transmission
3. Distribution
4. Consumer
1. Generation:
- the power plant is a tools/ machines that function to convert certain energy into
electrical energy.
- Types of power plants :
1. PLTU ( steam power plant)
a. Much cheaper that using wind power, solar power, and biomass
b. PLTU produce a lot of green house gasses
2. PLTP (Geothermal Power Plant)
a. Geothermal energy is environmentally friendly which does not cause pollution
b. High capital costs (especially in exploitation and drilling)
3. PLTG (Gas Power Plant)
a. Can be placed in all location
b. The price of fuel is high
4. PLTGU (Gas and Steam Power Plant)
a. The power produce is greater
b. Exhaust gas emissions are not environmentally friendly
5. PLTA (Hydroelectric Power Plant)
a. Does not cause pollution
 b. Requires a substantial investment
6. PLTD
a. Cheap investment, fast construction, suitable for areas where there is no water
b. Not environmentally friendly

The principle of the generation of the electrical energy is basically the initial energy (which will
be converted into electrical energy) is used to rotate the turbine connected to the generator, then
produce electromagnetic which will produce electricity.

2. Transmission is the process of electricity distribution from generation. The transmission

line consist of (airways) SUTT/ SUTET and (underground cables) SKTT
3. Distribution is the process of distribution from transmission to consumers. Distribution is
divided into primary distribution and sekunder distribution.
a. Primary distribution
b. Secondary distribution
4. Consumers : consumer are using electricity services,
Consumers : consumer are using electricity services,
380/220 V for homes or office
20kv for businesses such as malls, hotel and other
150, 70 kv for large industrial consumers such as cement factories.

The voltage that can be released by a generator is usually around 12 kV to 20kV and is transmitted
to the transmission, before entering the transmission voltage is increased by a step up transformer.

Voltage from generator is increased to the 70 Kv, 150Kv (classified as high voltage (TT)) and
500 Kv (classified as extra high voltage (TET).
The voltage that has been raised is then transmitted through a network of SUTT or SUTET to the
substation (GI). It is at this substation that the voltage is lowered to a medium voltage of 20Kv.
After being lowered, then distributed through a network of SUTM , which is then channeled
towards the distribution transformers. In the transformers the voltage distribution is reduced from
20Kv to 380/220 V. From distribution transformers are then channeled through the SUTR to
electricity houses / customers.

Why before entered to the transmition the voltage is increased by a step up transformer?
The purpose of rising this voltage to reduce losses due to barriers to the conductive wire while
the transmission process.
Internal disruption: damage to the generator
Eksternal disruption: disconnection of the channel / cable by lightning, wind, trees.
Humans disruption: carelessness operator