EFFECT OF JOB DESIGN OVER JOB SATISFACTION

AT GOVERNMENT OWN SCHOOLS OF SHAINBAR NAGAR REGION

XXXXXXXX
ROLL NO. XXXXXX

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for

B.Ed. (1.5year) program in LEADERSHIP AND MANAGMENT

at Department of Early Childhood Education and Elementary Teacher Education

FACULTY OF EDUCATION

ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

JUNE, 2018
 FACAULTY OF EDUCATION
ALLAMA IQBAL UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

APROVAL FORM
The research project attached here to EFFECT OF JOB DESGIN OVER JOB

SATISFACTION Proposed and submitted by XXXXXX ROLL NO.

XXXXX in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of B.Ed.

(1.5year) LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENTis hereby accepted.

Supervisor: EJAZ HUSSAIN Signature: ________________

Evaluator: _______________ Signature: ________________

Dated:June, 25, 2018

 DECLARATION

I XXXXXX daughter of XXXXXXX Roll no XXXXXXX Registration no:

XXXXXX student of B.Ed. (1.5year) program (LEADERSHIP AND

MANAGMENT) at Allama Iqbal Open University do hereby solemnly declare that

the research project entitled “EFFECT OF JOB DESIGN OVER JOB

SATISFACTION AT GOVERNMENT OWN SCHOOLS OF SHAINBAR

NAGAR REGION”. Submitted by me in partial fulfillment of B.Ed. (1.5 year)

program, is my original work, and not been submitted or published earlier. I also

solemnly declare that it shall not, in future; he submitted by me for obtaining any

other degree from this or any other degree from this or any other university or

institution.

I also understand that if evidence of plagiarism is found in my thesis

/dissertation at any stage, even after the award of a degree, the work may be cancelled

and the degree revoked.

Signature_________________

Date:25th June, 2018

XXXXXXX
 DEDICATION
This work, the culmination of my B.Ed. (1.5 year) Degree is dedicated to God
Almighty, for making the impossible possible. Also to my wonderful parents who acts
as the driving force in my academic life.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to express my sincere gratitude to a number of individuals who were
instrumental in the development of my career and ultimately this research work.

First of all, I would like to express my sincere thankfulness to my supervisor who

through his diligence, this work was enriched.

My appreciation also goes to all those who aid in the collection of data, especially Mr.
Frazil Hussain, and Mr. Sadiq Ali

The immense support of my school teacher especially Mr. Abdul Hasan Principal of
My School is duly acknowledged.

Finally I wish to thank my family and my friend, for their emotional support
throughout the pursuit of this program.
 Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Job design on job
satisfaction in the Govt own schools in Chalt Shainber District Nagar Gilgit Baltistan.
Job design plays a vital role in the performance maximization. A well designed job
brings involvement and satisfaction to employee and they perform will by employing
all their energies in the work. Job design remains a value issue among the researchers
for its importance and effectiveness. A well designed job, according to psychological
perception and attitude of employees, motivate worker towards tasks performance,
and such employee s become highly productive and loyal to the organization.
 Table of Content

Acknowledgement

Abstract

1. Chapter 1 Introduction----------------------------------------------- Page.01

1.1 Background------------------------------------------------Page.01

1.2 Introduction of the Organization------------------------Page.02

1.3 Objectives--------------------------------------------------Page.02

1.4 Significance------------------------------------------------Page.02

2. Chapter 2 Literature Review-----------------------------------------Page.03

2.1 Background------------------------------------------------Page.04

2.2 Theoretical Framework-----------------------------------Page.05

2.3 List of Hypothesis-----------------------------------------Page.05

3. Chapter 3 Research Methodology-----------------------------------Page.06

3.1 Type of research-------------------------------------------Page.06

3.2 Data collection source------------------------------------Page.06

3.3 Subject/Participant----------------------------------------Page.06

3.4 Data Processing--------------------------------------------Page.06

4. Chapter 4 Data Analysis----------------------------------------------Page.07

4.1 Summary---------------------------------------------------Page.08

5. Chapter 5 Conclusion, Recommendations & limitation---------Page.09

5.1 Conclusion-------------------------------------------------Page.09

5.2 Recommendations----------------------------------------Page.09

5.3 Limitations------------------------------------------------Page.09

References------------------------------------------------------------------Page.10

Annexure 1 Questionnaire------------------------------------Page.11-12

Annexure 2 Data Matrix--------------------------------------Page.13

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Background
Human resource is the most important resource compared with other resources like
machine, material land etc. In the organizational context, the effectiveness of human
resource depends on designing the job according to human capability and
characteristics.

Job design is the most important function of Human Resource Management. It

indicates that, designing of contents, methods, functions of a job.

The education is the most important to produce a total man with the knowledge,
attitudes and skills required not only for the present world but also for that of the
future. In the case of delivery of quality education, the teacher are the most crucial
and valuable resource.

The curriculum development impact teachers, students, society as well as the

government. The challenge for government is that, when new curriculum is
implemented, there would be an increase cost to government in the case of printing
new books, preparing the new syllabus, train the teachers as well as other relevant
people.

Regarding this government has responsibility in designing the curriculum to create

highly talented people in the area. As the government performs curriculum
development the teacher’s job also ha to redesign to achieve the goal of new
curriculum.

Being as teacher it is better to analyze teacher’s Job design and its impact on their
satisfaction. In the view of the researchers most of the teacher s face the big problem
in relation to their roles change periodically and become more complex because of the
curriculum development which include changes in subjects, teaching methodology,
evaluation and control. This changes highly impact on teachers’ satisfaction. So these
issues are to be studied empirically.

The objective of the paper are to investigate the effect of Job design over job
satisfaction for school teachers in the Chalt Shainbar District Nagar Gilgit.

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1.2 Introduction of the Organization

Chalt Nagar is one of the beautiful Area of Gilgit Baltistan situated along the side of
Indus River. There are five Government Schools in this area. Two high Schools and
one Middle school and two primarily schools. In this area there are four private
educational institution also situated. There are very different approach of Job design
in both institution. Due to this approach the graph of progress of the private institution
is increasing day by day, and Govt institution graph is decline. The Purpose of the
research is to identify the effect of Job design over Job satisfaction of Govt. own
schools of this area.

1.3 Objectives:

The basic objective of the this research is

i. Identify the effects of Job design over Job satisfaction of Govt own
schools of Chalt Nagar District Nagar Gilgit Baltistan.
ii. Identify the factor effecting the Job Satisfaction.

1.4 Significance

This research will help Government Education Department to redefine the elements of
Job design in such a way that it will improve job satisfaction of its employees.

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Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Background
Employee’s Job satisfaction is very interesting topic for researcher. Number of
researchers have conducted research on the topic of Job Satisfaction. For example
Ramayah, Jantan, and Tadisina (2001) reveal that Job satisfaction explains how
employees are floating to join the work and how they get motivated and enforce to
perform their Job. Velnampy (2008), in his study on Job attitude and employees
performance says that Job satisfaction have positive impact on the performance of the
employee as it increase job participation and the higher performance also make people
sense moresatisfied and loyal to the organization. It is a cyclical work of satisfaction
and performance of the employee. Job satisfaction and involvement of the employee
lead him to have high levels of performance. According to Nancy C Morse (1997)”
satisfaction refer to the level of fulfilment of one’s needs, wants and desire”.
Satisfaction depends basically upon what an individual wants from the world and
what he gets.

(Hom and Kinicki 2001: Lun and Lin 2002: Bernhard and Sverke 2003) Reveal the
effect of the job design on the employee satisfaction.

Ben AkpoyomareOghojafor, 2012) The effect of Job design On Job satisfaction

should never be underestimated. Any attempt to assume that job design is irrelevant to
productivity and performance is hazardous to the good name and long term survival
of any organization because absenteeism, high turnover of labor and low performance
will each take its toll on the organization.

Job Design has been one the most effective tool used for optimizing an employee’s
performance. It can be defined as changing the content and process of a job to
increase an employee’s satisfaction, motivation and productivity. Knapp and Mujtaba
(2010). An effective job design brings involvement of an employee in work related
activities with clearly forecasts employee output, departmental productivity and
organizational success (Bates, 2004: Hater, 2002: Bauru 2004). Herberg’s claim was
that the job should be designed or assigned in a such way that it aid in enhancing their
growth in competence, achievement, advancement, recognition and responsibility.

3
Hackman and lawler (1971) also suggested that those employees who are willing to
do their best for putting their best potential in doing a task are high on the core
dimensions of autonomy, variety, task identity, and feedback. As a result the
employee become motivated and give their best efforts in order to achieved the
organizational goals as well as personal goals, in response the performance improves
and employee keep on giving their best effort to show good results. These employees
continuously work hard to enhance their performance.

AlamSageer, 2012) Job satisfaction is impacted by Job design. Jobs that are rich in
positive behavioral elements-such as autonomy, task identity, task significance and
feedback contribute to employee’s satisfaction.

According to (Hodgetts and Hegar, 2005) Job design is a very important issue in
human relations as well. After all, as Job design give the feeling to the employee
regarding understanding of work, identification of task and its significance and
provided with skill variety, independence and feedback stimulate motivation and by
extension, Job satisfaction.

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2.2 Theoretical Framework

According to the literature, all the research variables related together into a theoretical
model as illustrated in the following figure.

Autonomy

Task Identity
Job Design Job Satisfaction

Task Variety

Feedback

2.3 List of Hypotheses

H1 = There is a relationship between Job Design and Job Satisfaction.

H0 = There is no relationship between Job Design and Job Satisfaction

H1 = Majority of teachers are satisfied with their Job in Govt Own school

in Chalt Nagar District Nagar Gilgit Baltistan

H0 = Majority of teachers are not satisfied with their Job in Govt Own school in
Chalt Nagar District Nagar Gilgit Baltistan

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Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLGY

3.1 Type of Research

This is research is basically trying to find the impact of Job design over Job
Satisfaction. A Questionaries’ is used for the measuring the two variables like Job
design as independent variable and Job satisfaction as dependent variable. Data is
analyzed by the statistical operation including mean, standard deviation. Correlation
techniques are also used to find the impact of JD over JS.

3.2 Data Collection source.

Data is collected by the questionnaires filled from the staff of Govt. own school from
the Chalt Nagar District Nagar Gilgit Baltistan.

Questionaries’ contained two sections. One is on Job Design and other is on Job
satisfaction. Job design section contained five variables including “Autonomy”, “task
significance”, “task verity”, “task identity” and “feedback from job”. Job design part
have 5 item likert scale question “Never”, Not Often”, “Sometime”, “Mostly” and
“Always”. Job satisfaction section contained 5 item likert scale questions, “strongly
Disagree”, “Disagree”, Neutral,” “Strongly agree” and “agree”. The reason of this
particular tool selected is to focus the particular targeted organization.

3.3 Subject/Participants

There are 30 employees of Govt. own schools of Chalt Nagar selected as targeted
population. Initially sample size was 50 employees. But due to winter vocation in
Govt. Schools employee was not available. So the size is minimize to 30 employee.
the sample of the study is random sampling method. The reason of using this method
is a fair way of selecting a sample from given population. Every member of this
population given equal opportunity to response.

3.4 Data Processing

Mean, standard Deviation and correlation techniques are used during this research
work. MS-Excel 2010 and SPSS are used to get the data.
6
CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS

Mean values of Job Design and Job Satisfaction are mention in blow table

By using correlation research measure the relationship between two variables. If any
correlation exits between the variables it shows that their values vary together either
by positive or in negative.

Positive correlation showthat the value of one variable cause of increasing the value
of other variable. In above table correlation of job design and job satisfaction is
0.1121. The value of correlation is show strong positive relation between job design
and job satisfaction. It also show that improved job design shall bring the more job
satisfaction to the employee. In the same way this relation also tell that weak job
design bring job dissatisfaction to the employee.

7
Summary

The research study show the prediction about the effect of job design over the job
satisfaction is conform. So the improvement in job design for Teacher result in
improvement in job satisfaction of the employee and thus performance of the
organization also improve. Teacher’s job satisfaction do not depend on the behavior
of the other teachers but the job characteristics and motivation play an important role
in the organization.

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Chapter 5 CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS & LIMITATION

5.1 Conclusion

Basically this research is about the impact of job design over job satisfaction. So the
job design is acting independent variable and job satisfaction as dependent variable.
Selecting 30 respondents from the Govt own school from the Chalt. Questionaries’
about both variable are filled from the selected respondent.

Both variable (job design and job satisfaction) carries 5 likert scale questions.

Data matrix is arrange by the MS. Excel 2010. Mean and correlation of the data are
found the data obtained from the respondent.

5.2 Recommendation

Base on the research the following recommendation may improve the teacher’s
performance and satisfaction level.

Govt Education department should be carefully adapt the policy which should not
beyond the teacher job design.

5.3 limitations

Research is conducted with hard work but there is still some limitations. There are
thousands employee of Govt Education Department. In research study there are 30
respondents. Due to less number of employee research result may not be represent
the whole education department..

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References

1. Ramayah T. Jantam. M.&Tadisna. S.K (2001). Job satisfaction: empirical

evidence for alternatives to JDI. 32 Annual Meeting of Decision science
Institute conference, Track OB2, San Franciso: USA
2. VelnampyT.(2008). Job Attitude and Employee performance of Public Sector
organization in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. GITAM Journal of Management,
vol. 6 Issue -2 Pg. (66-73)
3. Nancy C. Morse, (1077)-Satisfaction in the white collar Job, Ayer Publishing.
4. Hom PW, Kinicki AJ (2001) toward a greater understanding of how
dissatisfaction drives employee turnover.
5. Ben Akpoyomareoghojafor, M.A (2012).Assessment of Job design and Job
satisfaction among doctors and nurses in Lagos, Nigeria Hospital, African
Journal of Business Management, Vol. 6(48), pp .11702-11706
6. Knapp, P.R and Mujtaba, B.G.(2010). Strategies for the Design and
administration of Assessment center.
7. Hackman, J.R & Lawler, E.E (1971). Employee reactions to Job
characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55, 259-286
8. Alamsageer, D.S. (2012). Identification of Varibles affecting employee
satisfaction and. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, Volume 5(issue
1), PP 32-39
9. Hodgetts RM, Hegar KW (2005). Modern Human relation at work 9thed
Thomson. South- western, USA

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Annexure 1 Questionnaire

11
12
Annexure 2 Data Matrix

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