“CROP CUTTING MACHINE’’

A
Project report
submitted
in partial fulfillment
for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of technology
In department of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY:
SATYANARAYAN SHARMA PRAVEEN SINGH
LADU SINGH RAWAT YASHPAL SINGH
LALIT SHARMA YASHWANT SINGH

SUBMITTED TO:
MR. PANKAJ JAIN(HOD MECH.DEPT)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANCAL ENGINEERING
ARYABHATTA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH
CENTRE , AJMER
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certified that SATYANARAYAN SHARMA LADU SINGH RAWAT LALIT

SHARMA PRAVEEN SINGH YASHPAL SINGH YASHWANT SINGH students of B.tech
(mechanical engineering) VII semester has submitted their project report entitled “CROP
CUTTING MACHINE” under my guidance.

Guided By :
MR. PANKAJ JAIN
(HOD mechanical dept.)
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First off all I am delighted this achievement to almighty god and our parents without whose
blessing we would have not reached here. We would like to express our best regard to our project
guide MR. PANKAJ JAIN (HOD of mechanical dept) whose valuable guidance, encouragement
and provision of necessary facilities made this work possible I hereby feel immense pleasure in
paying acknowledgment to the staff of mechanical dept of Aryabhatta Engineering college ajmer
he tough me theoretical and so called bookish knowledge into real time applications od the daily
life
This acknowledgement as well as report would remain incomplete unless we don’t pay our
gratitude and genuine respect to lab assistant sir for his overall support and overwhelming
response whenever needed during the whose completion of project section at Aryabhatta ajmer I
am heartily thank full to entire staff to ME dept. of Aryabhatta ajmer for sharind their knowledge
of the real time use in present scenario and encouraging us towards the emerging trend and
technology. Though I am expressing tis but the immense gratitude toward this personality can
not be expressed in mere words

SATYANARAYAN SHARMA
(13EAJME055)
LADU SINGH RAWAT
(13EAJME031)
LALIT SHARMA
(13EAJME032)
PRAVEEN SINGH
(13EAJME048)
YASHPAL SINGH
(13EAJME069)
YASHWANT SINGH
(13EAJME068)
 ABSTRACT

Crop cutting machine is a mechanical device. It can be used for cutting the dry cut stalls of grain
break or covering of trunck of tree. In the crop cutting machine required less human effort and it
is very reasonable for middle class farmer it is not complicated structure and it is easily operated
By unskilled person.
In this cutting machine have one blade rotary cutter. This can be applicable for the cutting of
crop such as Javari, tuar, maize etc. it can reduce labor cost due to the only one person can
handle. Crop cutter machine does not required high maintainance.
 LIST OF CONTENT

S.NO TITLE PAGE NO

CERTIFICATE I
ACKNOWLEGDEMENT Ii
ABSTRACT Iii
1 INTRODUCTION
3 WORKING PRINCIPLE
4 STUDY OF DESIGN
4.1 DC MOTOR
4.2 12 V BATTERY
4.3 CROP CUTTER
4.4 BEVEL GEAR
5 RESULT
6 MERITS AND DEMERITS
6.1 ADVANTAGES
6.2 DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
 LIST OF FIGURE

S.NO TITLE PAGE NO

2.1 CROP CUTTING MACHINE
3.1 DC MOTTOR
4.1 ROTTARY CUTTER
4.2 BATTERY
 INTRODUCTION
Crop harvesting is last stage in farming which takes maximum time of farmer among all farming
Process. In india harvesting is generally done manually. Thus our intention is to provide farmer a
“CROP HARVESTER IN AGRICULTURAL APPROACH”. This machine consist of simple
Mechanism make to run by a d.c. motor which will be economical to farmer and will take less
time for harvesting operation.

Crop harvesting is a process of cutting the crops clos to the ground or pulling the plants when
they are ripped out. It include cutting the stems of coral crops like tuar, javar, bajara, maize grass
etc. closs the ground. In our country it is generally done by sharp sickle. On the basis of large no.
of this crop harvester are in use at todays date, which are available at different shape and size and
on different power supply. Some of them are pneumatic crop harvester, hydrolyc cops harvester
and crop harvester running on tractor engine. Since the they are costelier keeping in to
consideration the economic ability of our farmer it is required that is should be simple and should
fulfill the same intession which are achieved by “CROP HARVESTER IN AGGRICULTURE
APPROACH”. This machine is made to run by a d.c. motor with the help of battery having
speed of nearly 1500 rpm.
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

In crop cutting machine we have used 1 HP DC motor which running with the help of 12 v
battery. In this machine when motor are running armature are also rotate and armature are
connected to the mechanisum of bevel gear system and bevel gear connrcted one gear to the
armature and other gear connected to the rotory cutter which cut the crop. In this machine power
is transmitted through the bevel gear system.
Crop cutting machine required when crop cut a person which push the machine to running on the
filled tyre are used for run on the filled. So it is easily operated any person it required human
effort are very less.
Figure – Crop cutting machine
 Study of design

1 Bevel gear

Figure - Bevel gear

In this paper the spiral bevel gear sets which can be manufactured by cup shape grinder or
milling cutter on a general purpose four-axis milling machine is proposed. constraint equation of
bevel gear sets was first presented in our previous publication to be followed again as a
continuation of design and constructing solid model. In order to derive the meshing constraint
edesign oquation of bevel gear sets with point-contact characterstics, the degeneration condition
is sets. Because of occurrence of just one contact point in each instant, there exists a contact path
on each tooth surface. After configuring the designd parameters, the contact path can be designed
as an approximate of circular arc curve. Finally, the torus surface is used to construct the tooth
surface. According to the idea described in this paper, a new approach of manufacturing the
spiral bevel gear is developed. The major merit of this spiral bevel gear is only single axis
motion has to be controlled during the cutting process.
DC MOTOR-

Fig- DC MOTOR

Electical motor are everywhere around us. Almost all the electo-mechanical movment we see
around us are caused either by a ac or a dc motor. Here we will be exploring dc motors. This is a
device that convert dc electrical energy into mechanical energy. This dc or direct current motor
work on the principal, when a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it
experiences a torque and has a tendency to move.

This is known as motoring action. If the direction of current in the wire is reversed, the direction
of rotation also reverses. When magnetic field and electric field intract they produse a
mechanical force, and based on that the working principal of d.c. motor is stablished.

The direction of the rotation of a this motor is given by flammings left hand rule, which states
that if the index figure, middle finger and thumb of your left hand are extended mutually
perpendicular to each other and if the index finger represents the direction of the magnetic field,
middle finger indicates the direction of current, then the thumb represents the direction in which
force is expeirinced by the shaft of the d.c. motor.
Structurally and construction wise a direct current motor is exectaly similar to a d.c. generator,
but electrically it is just opposite. Here we unlike a generator we suplly electrical energy to input
port and derive mechanical energy from the output port.

Crop cutter-

Fig - crop cutter

Agriculture is the backbone of the india. In india agriculture has facing serious challenge like
scarcity of agricultural labour. In peak working season but also in normal time. This is mainly for
increased non farm job opportunites having higer wage, migration of labour force to cities and
low status of agricultural labours in the society. In india two type of crop cutting like as manual
method (conventional method ) and mechanized type of crop cutter. The crop cutting is
important stage in agriculture fieled. Currently Indian farmer used conventional method for crop
cutting i.e. cutting crop manually using labour but this method is very lengthy and time
consuming.

To design and analysis the crop cutter machine which is help to the Indian farmer which is rural
side and small farm. It will reduce the cost of crop cutting in filled. It will help to increase
economical standard in Indian farmer. The design of the crop cutting machine will be presented
by using KERO drawing software. The force analysis on the crop blade. The force analysis on
the cutter blade using ANSYS 14.0 software. This rendered the cutter safe from the cutting
forces.
Material of crop cutter is hss steel whis easily cut the crop.

12 v battery

Fig - Battery
In the modern era, electrical energy is normally converted from mechanical energy, solar energy,
and chemical energy etc. A battery is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy.
The first battery was develop by alessandro volta in the year of 1800. In the year 1836, john
Frederic daniell, a british chemist developed the danieel cell as an improved version of the
voltaic cell. From that time until today, the battery has been the most popular source of
electricity in many daily life applications. In our daily life, we generally use two types of battery,
one of them is which can be used once before it gats totally discharged. Another type of battery
is rechargeable which it can be usedmultiple times by recharging externally.

The former is called primary battery and the later is called secondary battery. The batteries can
be found in different size. A battery may be as small as a shirt butten or may be so big in size
that a hall room will be required to install a battery bank. Which is variation of size, the battery is
used any where from small wrist watches to a large ship.

We often see this symbol in many diagram of electrical and electronics network. This is the most
popularly use symbole for battery. The bigger lines represents positive terminal of the cells and
smaller lines represents terminal of the cells connected in the battery.

We are often confused obout the terms battery cell and battery. We generally refer a battry as a
single electro-chemicall cell. But literally, battery does not mean that.battery means a number of
electro-chemical cells connrcted together to meet a certain voltage and current level. Although
there may be a single cell battery,literally, battery and cell are different

RESULTS
 MERITS AND DEMERITS

6.1Advantages

6.1.1 Reduce the human effort- Crop harvester is mostly design for reduce the human effort in
which only one operator can be operate or handle the machine. While the machine will begin
there not required more then one or two worker.

6.1.2 Reduce the cost- In the agriculture for cropping the soyabin, javar and tuvar. It can cut
cheapest prices because it saves the worker cost.

6.1.3 Reduce the time- When worker is cutting the crop they have more time for cutting but
when the use of the crop cutter harvester they increase the capacity of the working and cutting
and it can possible the maximum cutting within minimum time.

6.1.4 Easy to handle-Crop cutter machine is easy to handle for handle we can easily start the
machine.

6.1. 5 Unskilled worker can operate- No skilled person required for operating this
machine.

6.1.6- safety to use:- during the working if any problem occurs in the machine we can easily
find it.

6.2 Disadvantages
1- light weight crops it cannot cut.
2-battery should be charged again and again.
3-water is harmfull for this.
CONCLUSION

Following conclusion were drawn for the study and observation

For machine – machine is working in one acre the consume battery power 12v for rs. 50 and
labour cost 250 rs.
For labour- labour working in one acre area the associate cost= 400 rs.
Cutting time for two labour in one acre area of farm= 6 hr.
Hence in above compression it is clear that the cost of working the machine in the farm for said
Application is less as compare to labour cost.

Future scope- total cost of the project is rs. 24000. In future launch in the market the cost of this
project will be near about rs. 15000. Hence it can easily affordable by farmer.
 REFERENCE

1. m.indiamart.com
2. https://www.alibaba.com