1. What do you mean by wind?

Wind is the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of
air blowing from a particular direction. Wind is caused by uneven heating of the earth
from the sun making wind a renewable and free source of energy.

2. Mention the different configuration of wind turbine?

Wind turbines are an alternate source of energy that harnesses this renewable wind
power to make electricity. Since wind turbines run solely on wind, they cause no
pollution making them environmentally friendly. Basically, wind turns blades that are
connected to a generator; the generator then makes electricity (more on this later).
There are two main types of wind turbines, horizontal and vertical axis. A wind
turbine applicable for urban settings was also studied. All three types of wind
turbines have varying designs, and different advantages and disadvantages.

3. What is darrieus type turbine?

The Darrieus wind turbine is a type of vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT) used to
generate electricity from the energy carried in the wind. The turbine consists of a
number of curved aerofoil blades mounted on a vertical rotating shaft or framework. The
curvature of the blades allows the blade to be stressed only in tension at high rotating
speeds.
4. Mention the different types of horizontal axis type turbine?
It is a turbine in which the axis of rotation of rotor is parallel to the ground and also
parallel to wind direction.
They are further divided into two types
(i) Upwind turbine
(ii) Downwind turbine
5. Write the application of wind energy?
Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to provide the mechanical power
to turn electric generators. Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is
plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions
during operation, consumes no water, and uses little land.
6. Write about the characteristics of darrieus type turbine.
The Darrieus wind turbine is a type of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) used to
generate electricity from the energy carried in the wind. The turbine consists of a number of
curved aerofoil blades mounted on a vertical rotating shaft or framework. The curvature of
the blades allows the blade to be stressed only in tension at high rotating speeds. There are
 several closely related wind turbines that use straight blades. This design of wind turbine
was patented by Georges Jean Marie Darrieus, a French aeronautical engineer; filing for the
patent was October 1, 1926. There are major difficulties in protecting the Darrieus turbine
from extreme wind conditions and in making it self-starting.
When the Darrieus rotor is spinning, the aerofoils are moving forward through the air in a
circular path. Relative to the blade, this oncoming airflow is added vectorially to the wind, so
that the resultant airflow creates a varying small positive angle of attack (AoA) to the blade.
This generates a net force pointing obliquely forwards along a certain 'line-of-action'. This
force can be projected inwards past the turbine axis at a certain distance, giving a positive
torque to the shaft, thus helping it to rotate in the direction it is already travelling in. The
aerodynamic principles which rotate the rotor are equivalent to that in autogiros, and normal
helicopters in autorotation.
7. What is the basic principle of wind energy conversion?
The power in the wind is proportional to the wind speed cubed; the general formula for power
in the wind is: where P is the power available in watts, p is the density of air (which is
approximately 1.2kg/m3 at sea level), A is the cross-section (or swept area of a windmill rotor)
of air flow of interest and V is the instantaneous free-stream wind velocity. If the velocity, V, is in
m/s (note that lm/s is almost exactly 2 knots or nautical miles per hour), the power in the wind
at sea level is: Because of this cubic relationship, the power availability is extremely sensitive to
wind speed; doubling the wind speed increases the power availability by a factor of eight.
8. What do you mean by savonius rotor?
Savonius wind turbines are a type of vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT), used for
converting the force of the wind into torque on a rotating shaft. The turbine consists of a
number of aerofoils, usually—but not always—vertically mounted on a rotating shaft or
framework, either ground stationed or tethered in airborne systems. The Savonius wind
turbine was invented by the Finnish engineer Sigurd Johannes Savonius in 1922.