Lyceum North Western University

Institute of Graduate Professional Studies

Tapuac District, Dagupan City, Pangasinan

NAME: MARIE JOY P. TAMONDONG

SUBJECT: ANTHROPOLOGY OF CYBER CULTURE

PROFESSOR: DR. VALENDRIANO DAGUROS

TOPIC: CYBER CRIMES

HOW DOES THE CYBER-CRIME AFFECTS THE PEOPLE IN CYBER-

BULLYING, CYBER-SEX AND CYBER TERRORISM

1. CYBER-BULLYING

Cyber bullying is one of the massive problems in our society today, mostly
students or the teenagers are the victims in such cases. Bullying that takes place
over digital devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets. Cyberbullying can
occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online in social media, forums, or gaming
where people can view, participate in, or share content. Cyberbullying includes
sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or mean content about
someone else. It can include sharing personal or private information about
someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation.
With the prevalence of social media and digital forums, comments, photos,
posts, and content shared by individuals can often be viewed by strangers as
well as acquaintances. The content an individual shares online – both their
personal content as well as any negative, mean, or hurtful content – creates a
kind of permanent public record of their views, activities, and behavior. This
public record can be thought of as an online reputation, which may be accessible
to schools, employers, colleges, clubs, and others who may be researching an
individual now or in the future. Cyberbullying can harm the online reputations of
everyone involved – not just the person being bullied, but those doing the
bullying or participating in it. Cyberbullying has unique concerns in that it can be:

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Persistent – Digital devices offer an ability to immediately and continuously
communicate 24 hours a day, so it can be difficult for children experiencing
cyberbullying to find relief.
Permanent – Most information communicated electronically is permanent and
public, if not reported and removed. A negative online reputation, including for
those who bully, can impact college admissions, employment, and other areas of
life.
Hard to Notice – Because teachers and parents may not overhear or see
cyberbullying taking place, it is harder to recognize.
2. CYBERSEX

Cybersex is another crime specifically a violation of human trafficking, defined as

those sexual acts that are derived from surfing electronic media sites that would
titillate the sexual mind and that satisfies the erotic needs of an individual, who
constantly watches explicit sexual sites.

These sites might be on Websites, Chat-rooms with Web cams, streaming video
material, live sex shows and/or SMS messages. Reuters reported that in a period
of two years the sexual sites on the Internet, grew with more than 27% (from 22
million – 28 million in 2001).

Reuters stated further that 6.5% of male Internet users are compulsive Cybersex
fans. This condition can be defined after a person has developed compulsive
sexual thoughts and/or behaviour that would lead to increasingly serious
consequences, in both the addict’s internal and external worlds.

The consequences on the psychological (internal) side may include the

development of severe depression, suicidal thoughts, low self-esteem, shame,
self-hatred, hopelessness, despair, helplessness, intense anxiety, loneliness,
moral conflict, contradictions between ethical values and behaviours, fear of
abandonment, spiritual decline, distorted thinking, remorse and self-deceit. In
the external world this person might put his family and work on the line.

The problem starts when the online fantasy lives are so intense that off-line
relationships may suffer. These sufferers engaged in Cybersex on average 5.7
hours/week by visiting porn sites and sex chat rooms. The reported reasons for
visiting these sites frequently are given as stress relieving and not for
entertainment reasons. Usually the addict will engage in Cybersex actions that
he/she would not attempt in real life. It is further reported that they have

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reduced real time sexual activity with an offline partner; this would therefore
further alienate these people from real life experiences and enhance their
behaviour through sexual fantasy.
The profile of the cybersex addict
70 – 75 % of these addicts have thought of suicide at some time, due to
depression and the feeling that life is empty. They tend to suffer from
dysfunctional/broken relationships (40 % experience severe marital relationship
problems and are frequently absent from interacting with the family, resulting in
loss of time as a spouse or parental role model).

As a result of the marital problems, their partners might develop their own
addictions and compulsions, psychosomatic problems, depression or other
emotional difficulties.

72 % of the addicts report that they were physically abused as children, 81 %

sexually abused and 97 % report to have been emotionally abused in their lives.

Healthy adults use sexuality as an integrated life experience. This includes sex
with partners, masturbation or the use of sex as part of exploring new
relationships. It is a pleasurable act of choice.

For the cybersex addict the sexual behaviour is driven, compulsive and hidden.
They use sex to cope, to handle boredom, anxiety, to feel important, wanted or
powerful. Secrecy of their actions would be a hallmark – wrapped in a web of lies
and manipulations, hiding the actions from those close to them.

These people tend to find themselves in a vicious circle from which they cannot
escape. Treatment is necessary and can fortunately be very successful. For the
best results, a person should have cognitive behaviour therapy as well as
medication.

3. CYBER TERRORISM

Cyberterrorism is any "premeditated, politically motivated attack against

information, computer systems, computer programs, and data which results in
violence against non-combatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine
agents. An example of cyber-terrorism could be hacking into a hospital computer
system and changing someone's medicine prescription to a lethal dosage as an
act of revenge. It sounds far fetched, but these things can and do happen.

Cyber terrorism is the convergence of cyberspace and terrorism. It refers to the

unlawful attacks and threats of attacks against computers, networks and the
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information stored therein when done to intimidate or coerce a government or its
people in furtherance of political or social objectives [1] [2]. Further, to qualify as
cyber terrorism, an attack should result in violence against persons or property,
or at least cause enough harm to generate fear. Attacks that lead to death or
bodily injury, explosions, or severe economic loss would be examples. Serious
attacks against critical infrastructures could be acts of cyber terrorism, depending
on their impact. Attacks that disrupt nonessential services or that are mainly a
costly nuisance would not be considered as cyber terrorism.

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REFERENCES:

https://www.health24.com/Sex/Relationships/What-is-cybersex-20120721

https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it/index.html

https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/cyberterrorism

http://csciwww.etsu.edu/gotterbarn/stdntppr/

https://observatoire-fic.com/en/addressing-cyber-terrorism-threats-by-zahri-bin-
yunos-cybersecurity-malaisia/