High Voltage Engineering

BEKP 4883

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
BEKP 4883
Tutorial 1

1. Assuming that the breakdown voltage of a uniform-field spark gap in atmospheric

given by the expression Vs= Apd + Bpd. Where d is the gap length in cm, p is
the relative air density and A and B are constants, complete the following table.

Gap length Pressure Temp Breakdown Voltage

cm mb ºC kV
2.0 533 5 33.48
1.25 933 25 34.46
1.5 500 47 ?

2. Breakdown voltage measurements on a uniform-field gap in air gave the

following results:
Gap length Pressure Temp Breakdown Voltage
cm mb ºC kV
4 1000 5 106.8
2 500 32 29.9
Determine the breakdown voltage of a 3cm gap for the standard atmospheric
conditions.

3. Breakdown voltage measurement on a uniform-field gap in nitrogen at 293K gave

the following values of pd and E/p at breakdown:

pd (mm Hg-cm) E/p (V/mm Hg-cm)

900 34.2
8100 30.6
Find the breakdown voltage of 1 cm gap at 2100mm Hg and 300K.
 High Voltage Engineering
BEKP 4883

4. The result of measurement of breakdown voltage for uniform-field gap in

nitrogen are given below:
Spacing Pressure Temp Breakdown Voltage
mm mb ºC kV
15 800 10 36.19
30 1200 30 95.16

(a) Determine the breakdown voltage of 50mm gap at pressure of 1000 mb and
temperature 20ºC.
(b) If field emission begins when the field strength exceed 105 V/cm, determine
the pressure at 20ºC at which the breakdown voltage of a 2.5mm gap would
begin to deviate from Paschen’s law.

5. Breakdown voltage measurement on uniform field gap in air at standard

atmospheric pressure and temperature gave the following values:

Breakdown Voltage Pd (mbar-cm )

(kV)
20 1013
45 1519.5

(a) Prove the breakdown voltage can be express as

Where V is voltage breakdown, ρ is relative air density and d is gap length

(b) Calculate voltage breakdown for 1cm gap at three-time atmospheric

pressure and 310K, effect of humidity is neglected
 High Voltage Engineering
BEKP 4883

6. Breakdown voltage measurement on uniform field gap in air at standard

atmospheric pressure and temperature is expressed as

Where V is voltage breakdown, ρ is relative air density and d is gap length

(i) Calculate voltage breakdown for 1cm gap at three-time atmospheric

pressure and 310K, effect of humidity is neglected
(ii) Determine the minimum gap required for high voltage application if the
maximum voltage is 85kV, pressure is 1 atm and operational temperature
is 30oC
(iii) Comment the effect of pressure to breakdown voltage