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Senior
Design
Projects
Using


Software
Designed
Radio
(SDR)

Prof.
Sharlene
Katz

Prof.
James
Flynn


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 1

Overview

•  Traditional
hardware
radio
versus
Software

Defined
Radio


•  What
is
SDR?

•  Advantages
and
applications
of
SDR

•  Group
projects

•  Schedule
for
Winter/Spring


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 2

Traditional
Transceiver
(Hardware)

• Amplifiers

• Modulators

• Demodulators

• Mixers

• Filters

• Oscillators


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 3

Disadvantages
of
the
Traditional

Hardware
Receiver

•  Simple
modulation
/
demodulation
only

•  Limited
implementation
of
filters

•  Alignment

•  Aging

•  Complexity


•  Fixed
design:

frequency/mode

•  Non
linearity
–
unwanted
signals

•  These
are
limitations
of
a
hardware
based
system

Dec. 2, 2008 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 4
What
is
Software
Defined
Radio

(SDR)?

•  A
new
technology
for
implementing

radio
communications

systems

•  Art
and
science
of
building
radios
using
primarily
software

•  Eliminating
hardware
and
moving
software
as
close
to
the

antenna
as
possible


•  Future
direction
of
communications
systems

•  Encompasses
many
areas
of
EE:

communications,
signal

processing,
antennas,
RF,
digital
design,
software


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 5

Traditional
Hardware
Receiver


Receiver
Front
End


Traditional
/
 RF

 IF

 Demod‐



x

Hardware
 Amplifier
 Amplifier
 ulator

Receiver

Local

Oscillator


Hardware:

Envelope

detector,
slope

Shifts
spectrum
down
 detector,
etc.

to
lower
frequency


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 6

Software
Defined
Radio


Analog to
Digital Software
Converter
Radio
is
modified
by

changing
the
software.


The
hardware
remains

the
same


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 7

Advantages
of
SDR

•  Makes
communications
systems

reconfigurable
(adapting
to
new
standards)

•  Flexibility
(universal
platform
–
not
special

purpose)
–
Hardware
stays
the
same

•  Upgradable,
modifiable


•  Filters/other
hardware

•  Cognitive/Smart
Radio


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 8

SDR
Applications

•  Current

–  Military

–  Radio
Astronomy

–  Amateur
Radio

•  Future

–  Personal
Communications

•  Cell
phones

•  Wi
Fi

•  Entertainment
distribution

–  Public
Safety

–  Broadcasting


•  Digital
Radio

•  Digital
Television


Dec. 2, 2008 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 9


Components
of
a
SDR
System

For
development

Motherboard
 purposes

Daughterboard
(optional)


FPGA

USB

(Decimator,

ADC
 MUX,
etc.)
 Controller
 PC


Shifts
the
 Samples
 Software



Performs

frequency
of
 the
 for

initial
signal

the
desired
 analog
 Transmitter
processing

signal
 signal
 /Receiver


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 10



USRP
‐
Motherboard/
Daughterboard


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 11



GNU
Radio
Software

•  Community‐based
project
started
in
1998

•  GNU
Radio
application
consists
of
sources
(inputs),
sinks

(outputs)
and
transform
blocks

•  Transform
blocks:

math,
filtering,
modulation/
demodulation,
coding,
etc.

•  Sources:

USRP,
audio,
file
input,
signal
generator,
…

•  Sinks:

USRP,
audio,
file
output,
FFT,
oscilloscope,
…

•  Blocks
written
in
C++

•  Python
scripts
used
to
connect
blocks
and
form
application


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 12



SDR
Demonstration

•  AM
Receiver

•  System
can
be
changed
to
FM,
SSB,
Digital

Modulation,
etc.
by
just
changing
the

software.



Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 13



Group
Projects
for
Spring
2009

•  Unmanned
Air
Vehicle
(UAV)
Telemetry
Link

–  Two
way
communications
link
between
a
ground

station
and
a
UAV

–  Used
to
send
location
information
and
images

•  General
Purpose
Transceiver

–  Multi‐mode:
AM/FM/
SSB/Digital,

Voice/Data/CW

–  Wide
frequency
spectrum:

HF,
VHF,
UHF,
+

–  Signal
processing

•  Groups
will
work
together

Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 14

Schedule

•  Winter
Break

–  Lectures
on
SDR
(for
new
group
members)

–  Introduction
to
digital
communications
(everyone)

–  Developing
a
work
plan
for
the
year

•  Spring
Semester

–  Regular
working
meetings

–  Work
plan

•  Winter
Meeting
times


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
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Questions?


Dec.
2,
2008
 Flynn/Katz
‐
SDR
 16


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