Poliomyelitis

aka Infantile paralysis

Heine-Medin disease
Causative Agent
Polio virus, Legio debilitans

Type I: Brunhilde
Type II: Lansing
Type III: Leon
Poliomyelitis
infectious disease characterized by
changes in the CNS which may result
in pathologic reflexes, muscle spasm,
and paresis or paralysis
Target Cell
Poliomyelitis
disease of the lower motor neurons
with anterior horn involvement
Mode of Transmission
 Indirectly through contaminated
articles and flies, contaminated
water, food and utensils
Signs and symptoms
 Abortive type
Headache and sore throat
Slight or moderate fever
Abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
Signs and symptoms
 Non-paralytic
All the above signs
Transient paresis
Meningeal irritation
Pandy’s sign
Signs and symptoms
 Paralytic
All the above signs
Hoyne’s sign
Amoss’s sign
Kernig’s sign
Brudzinski’s sign
Less tendon reflex
Paralysis occurs
Recovery is still possible
Signs and symptoms
 Paralytic
Spinal
Flaccid paralysis on one or
both lower extremities

Bulbar
Motor neuron in the
brainstem is attacked and
affects the medulla, CN IX, X
Diagnostic Procedures
 Isolation of the virus from throat
 Stool culture throughout the
disease
 Culture from CSF
Treatment: symptomatic
 Bed rest
 Moist heat application
 Analgesics
 Mechanical ventilator, as necessary
Nursing Management
 Carry out enteric precaution
 Perform neurologic assessment OD
 Check blood pressure
 Provide a diet rich in fiber
 Watch for signs of fecal impaction
 Prevent pressure sores
 Dispose excreta and vomitus
properly
 Provide emotional support
Complications
 Bed sore
 Pneumonia
 Renal calculi
 Constipation
 Muscular atrophy
 Respiratory failure
 Circulatory collapse
DO WE HAVE A VACCINE
FOR THIS DISEASE ?
 OPV IPV
Sabin Salk

Attenuated Killed virus

Cost-effective Expensive

Induces mucosal immunity Does not induce mucosal

immunity
VAPP Does not cause VAPP

6, 10, 14 weeks 2, 4, 6-18 months and 4

years