Chapter – 3

Tissues
Progress Check – 1
Q1. What are the 2 basic types of Plant tissues ?
Ans. Meristematic Tissues and Permanent Tissues are the two basic types of
plant tissues.

Q2. Give the technical terms of the following :

(i) The category of plant tissues that have lost their ability to multiply.
Ans. Permanent Tissues.

(ii) The kind of plant cells with thin walls and usually a single large
vacuole.
Ans. Parenchyma.

(iii) Elongated cells which are thickened at corners.

Ans. Collenchyma.

(iv) The 2 types of tissues which provide the upward movement of water
and dissolved materials from the root to other parts of the plant.
Ans. Xylem and Phloem.

Q3. True or False.

(i) Phloem cells carry the manufactured food from the leaves to the other
parts of the plant.
Ans. True

(ii) Veins of leaves have both xylem and phloem.

Ans. True

(iii) The older xylem tissue does not participate in transport.

Ans. True.

(iv) The sclerenchyma consists of actively dividing cells.

Ans. False

Progress Check – 2
Q1. Name the kind of animal tissues in which
(i) Cells are flat, cuboidal or columnar, forming protective layer.
Ans. Epithelial Tissues.

(ii) Cells produce and pour out chemical substances.

Ans. Glandular Epithelium.

(iii) Cells can contract and relax.

Ans. Cardiac tissues.

(iv) Cells can conduct impulses.

Ans. Neural.

Q2. Give one example of each of the following tissues where they are
located.
(i) Ciliated columnar epithelium.
Ans. Lining of Intestines and Stomach.

(ii) Elastic Cartilage.

Ans. Tip of Nose and Ears.

(iii) Unstriated Muscles.

Ans. Intestinal Walls.

Q3. Write one speciality each of the following :

(i) Cartilage : It is very elastic.
(ii) Bone : It is very hard.
(iii) Striated Muscle : They move only when we want them to.
(iv) Cardiac Muscle : They continue working throughout their lives and
never stop.

Q4. True or False.

(i) Axons of nerve cells are very long.
Ans. True.

(ii) Dendrons bundled together form a Nerve.

Ans. False.

(iii) Cardiac Muscles get tired soon.

Ans. False

(iv) Epithelial cells leave space in between.

Ans. False

(v) Perikaryon is the nucleus of a nerve cell.

Ans. False

(vi) Muscles of the iris of the eye are of voluntary type.

Ans. False

(vii) Cartilage has no blood vessels or nerves in it.

Ans. True
 REVIEW QUESTIONS
A. Multiple Choice Questions
Q1. In Potato, starch is stored in :
Ans. c) Parenchyma.

Q2. Tendons and Ligaments are examples of :

Ans. (a) Fibrous Connective Tissues

Q3. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched ?

Ans. (a) Meristem – Actively dividing cells.

Q4. Parenchyma containing chloroplasts is known as :

Ans. (d) Chlorenchyma

Q5. Annual rings are the number of :

Ans. (d) Layers of Xylem in stem.

Q6. Which of the following cells in plants are said to be nonliving ?

Ans. (d) Scelerenchyma

Q7. Which of the following connects a muscle to a bone ?

Ans. c) Tendon

Q8. Cardiac muscle is :

Ans. (d) Involuntary and Striated

B. Very Short Answer Type

Q1. Name the kind of tissues founf=d
(a) at the tip of the plant roots
Ans. Apical Meristem

(b) at the lower surface of the leaves

Ans. Protective Tissue

c) in the inner lining of intestines

Ans. Glandular Epithelium

(d) at the joints between two long bones

Ans. Fibrous Connective Tissue

(e) in the walls of the veins of the leaves

Ans. Xylem and Phloem

(f) as gritty masses in the skin of pears

Ans. Sclerenchyma

Q2. Where is the least specialized tissue located in the plants ?

Ans. Meristematic

Q3. Give one word for each of the following :

(a) A group of similar cells performing a specific function
Ans. Tissues.

(b) Cells least specialized in the plants

Ans. Meristematic Tissues

c) Cells responsible for the increase in diameter of the stem and root of
dicot plants
Ans. Lateral Meristem.
Q4. Name one place each in living organisms where the following tissues
are located :
(a) Meristematic Tissue
Ans. Tips of roots and stems

(b) Cartilage
Ans. Tip of nose

c) Squamous Epithelium
Ans. Mouth and Nasal cavities

(d) Sclerenchyma
Ans. Stems and veins of leaves

(e) Ciliated Epithelium

Ans. Lining of the Trachea

(f) Ligament
Ans. between the bones

Q5. Name the kinds of cells found in the following places :

(a) Surface of the human skin
Ans. Epithelial .

(b) Salivary Gland

Ans. Columnar Epithelium.

c) Brain
Ans. Neurons.

(d) Inner lining of the wind pipe

Ans. Ciliated Epithelium.

C. Short Answer Type

Q1. Name any 1 body part where ciliated epithelium is found in humans
? What is its function ?
Ans. Ciliated Epithelium is found in many parts of the body such as the
Trachea. It helps in the passage of the substances by the continuous lashing
of the cilias.

Q2. What is the difference between Nervous tissue and Nervous system ?
Ans.
Nervous Tissue :-
(i) Made of millions of neurons.
(ii) It cannot work on its own.
Nervous System :-
(i) Made of several organs such as brain, spinal cord etc.
(ii) It can work on its own as it is an organ system.

Q3. List the tissues found in Human heart.

Ans.
(i) Cardiac Muscles.
(ii) Epithelial Tissue
(iii) Connective Tissue
(iv) Neural Tissue.

Q4. Can you consider a cluster of eggs as a tissue ? Why ?

Ans. No, a cluster of egg cannot be considered as a tissue because they are
not cells and cannot work together to perform a particular task.

Q5. Name the three kinds of muscles found in the human body. In each
case, name 1 region in the body where they are found.
Ans. The three kinds of muscles that can be found in the human body are :-
(i) Voluntary muscles – found in the legs and hands.
(ii) Involuntary muscles – found in the Oesophagus.
(iii) Cardiac muscles – found in the heart.

D. Long Answer Type.

Q1. What is the difference between
(a) Cell and Tissue
Ans.
Cell :-
(i) It works on its own.
(ii) It is composed of many types of cell organelles such as Cell Wall,
Cytoplasm, and Nucleus.
(iii) They combines in order to form a tissue.
Tissue :-
(i) It cannot work on its own.
(ii) It is composed of a large number of cells.
(iii) It combines in order to form a Organ.

(b) Organ and Organism

Ans.
Organ :-
(i) It is composed of a large number of tissues.
(ii) It cannot work on its own.
(iii) Its size is less as compared to an Organism.
Organism :-
(i) It is composed of many organs and organ systems.
(ii) It works on its own.
(iii) Its size is much larger as compared to an Organ.

c) Organ and Organelle

Ans.
Organ :-
(i) It is present inside an Organism.
(ii) It is composed of a large number of tissues.
(iii) A number of organs work together in order to form an organ system.
Organelle :-
(i) It is present inside a cell.
(ii) It is composed of some nutrients.
(iii) A number of organelles work together in order to form a cell.

(d) Organ and Organ System

Ans.
Organ :-
(i) It is composed of a large number of tissues.
(ii) The Organs work together in order to form a organ system.
(iii) Its size is less than an organ system.
Organ System :-
(i) It is composed of a combination of organs.
(ii) It works together to form an organism.
(iii) Its size is more than an organ.

Q2. Differentiate between the cells of :

(a) Parenchyma and Collenchyma
Ans.
Parenchyma :-
(i) They have thin walls.
(ii) They are found in the soft parts of the plants, such as in the cortex and in
the pith.
(iii) They help in the storage of food particles.
Collenchyma :-
(i) They have thickened walls especially on the corners.
(ii) They are found in the leaf stalks and below the epidermis of stems.
(iii) They don’t store food but support the parts of plant.

(b) Meristematic and Permanent Tissues

Ans.
Meristematic Tissue :-
(i) They are composed of cells which have the ability to divide.
(ii) They help in the growth of plant.
(iii)Their shape changes with time.
Permanent Tissue :-
(i) They are composed of cells which have lost their ability to divide.
(ii) They provide protection, support and conduction path for the plant.
(iii) They have fixed and permanent shapes.

c) Sclerenchyma and Parenchyma

Ans.
Sclerenchyma :-
(i)They are composed of long and narrow cells.
(ii) Their cells have thick walls.
(iii) They are found in stems and veins of leaves.
Parenchyma :-
(i) They are composed of oval, circular or polygonal shaped cells.
(ii) Their cells have thin walls.
(iii) They are found in the soft parts of plant such as in the cortex and pith
regions.

(d) Cells of Involuntary and Voluntary muscles

Ans.
Involuntary :-
(i) They work according to their will.
(ii) They do not have nucleus.
(iii) They are found in the walls of the intestine , muscles of the iris of eye
etc.
Voluntary :-
(i) They work according to our will.
(ii) They have nucleus.
(iii) They are found in arms, legs, face, neck etc.

(e) Fibres of voluntary and cardiac muscles.

Ans.
Voluntary :-
(i)They work completely according to our will.
(ii) They are relatively long.
(iii) They get tired after continuous usage.
Cardiac :-
(i) They work according to their will.
(ii) They are relatively short.
(iii) They do not get tired.

E. Structured/ Application Questions.

Q1. Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that
follow :
(a) Identify the tissue and give a reason to support your answer.
Ans. The given diagram is identified as Phloem. The presence of Sieve
Plates, Phloem Parenchyma and Companion Cells support the answer.

(b) Name the parts labeled 1,2,3,4.

Ans. 1 – Sieve Cell.
2 – Phloem Parenchyma.
3 – Companion Cell.
4 – Sieve Plate.

c) Where is the tissue most likely to be found in the plant ?

Ans. They combine with Xylem and form Vascular Bundles which are found
in the form of circles in the outer regions of the stem.

(d) State the functions of the parts labelled 1, 2 , 3 , 4.

Ans. 1 – Sieve Cell – They help in the transport of food from leaves to
storage organs and other parts of plants.
2 – Phloem Parenchyma - They help in the storage of starch, fat and other
organic food materials.
3 – Companion Cells – They help in the functioning of the Sieve tube cells.
4 – Sieve Plate - They help in the transport of food from leaves to storage
organs and other parts of plants.

Q2. Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that
follow :
(a) Identify the cell :
Ans. The cell is identified as Neuron.

(b) Name the parts labeled 1 to 6.

Ans.
1 – Cyton.
2 – Axon.
3 – Nucleus.
4 – Cyton.
5 – Myelin Sheath.
6 – Axon Endings.

c) Where is the this cell likely to be found in the human body and what is
its function ?
Ans. This kind of cell is mostly centered in and around the brain and spinal
cord.
They help in the transmission of sensory impulses.