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PII: S2451-9049(18)30647-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2019.03.003
Reference: TSEP 317
Please cite this article as: A. Verma, S. Shashidhara, D. Rakshit, A comparative study on battery thermal management
using Phase Change Material (PCM), Thermal Science and Engineering Progress (2019), doi: https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.tsep.2019.03.003
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A comparative study on battery thermal
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Corresponding Author: Email: dibakar@iitd.ac.in, Ph: +91-11-26597313, Fax: +91-11-2658-2037
1
Highlights:
1. Battery thermal management of electrical vehicles using passive cooling method has
been studied.
2. PCM has been incorporated in the battery pack for reducing the high temperature
3. CFD simulation has been carried out for analyzing the Battery temperature under
4. Close relationship of the Battery temperature with different discharge rates has been
examined.
5. Performance of Fatty acid as a PCM has been compared with the other traditionally
used PCMs.
2
Abstract
The present study aims at battery thermal management of Electric Vehicles (EV). Li-
ion battery used in EVs has an optimum operating range of 25℃ to 60℃ beyond which
in the industry. There are two ways in which Thermal management of EV’s can be done. First
is from inside by controlling the dimensions of Electrode and reducing the resistance. This
helps in reducing the Power dissipation and hence preventing the Electrolyte explosion which
can result in overall battery damage. Second is from outside by employing various methods
(i) by Air (ii) by liquid (iii) by PCM which is called the battery thermal management of the
vehicle System. The first two methods of cooling are active cooling methods and involve lot
of auxiliary parts which calls for balancing of the system. Moreover, active cooling method
also lowers the vehicle’s efficiency. The heat generation is closely dependent upon the
discharge rates and the ambient condition. Therefore, current study is focussed on passive
methods of cooling through the use of PCM (Capric acid) which has been placed around the
periphery in the battery pack. Different thickness of PCM layer 3 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm and 12
mm have been taken. Two ambient conditions of 294 K and desert condition (323 K) has
been explored in this study and the effect of Capric acid as a PCM has been tested and
compared with the traditionally used paraffins. PCM layer of 3 mm thickness proves to be