Indonesia’s Experience on Using

Higher Biodiesel Blends (B20)

Abdul Rochim

Kuala Lumpur 14th ~ 16th November 2017

Secretary
Industry Development Compartment
I. Introduction

Plug Hybrid Vehicle

 1.1 Kinds of Biofuel for Automobile (example)
Current Biofuel
for Gasoline
Fermentation
Sugar cane Ethanol
Sunlight

Saccarification

Sugar
Corn Fermentation
Buthanol
Pretreatment
・・・・ CO2

Wood, Saccarification Fermentation

Propanol
Glass
・・・・ water

Waste
Ester Current Biofuel for
FAME
Soy Oil Diesel Fuel
Palm Oil Hydrotreat
etc. HVO
Gasoline

Gasification Synthesis Diesel

Synthetic Fuel
Pyrolysis G/D
Liquid

Algae Liquid Fuel

FAME: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
HVO: Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil
Ethanol
1.2 Bio Diesel adoption Plan in The World (Regulation Base)

Source: JAMA
 1.3 Biodiesel (FAME) Map
Sweden Finland
RME RME
Different types of biomass are used around the world.
U.K.
RME Animal oil These will be more diversified in the future.
Waste
edible oil
Germany
France RME
RME
Sunflower oil Austria USA
Portugal RME Soybean
Waste Czechoslovakia China Waste
Sunflower Jatropha edible oil
oil edible oil RME Japan
Waste edible oil
Spain Italy
Waste edible oil
Sunflower oil
RME The Philippines
Coconut
Jatropha
India
Brazil
Jatropha Thailand
Palm, Jatropha, Soybean
Coconut, waste edible oil Palm
Sunflower
Malaysia Cottonseed
Indonesia
Palm
Palm
Jatropha
Australia
Waste edible oil
Animal oil
Palm (planned) New Zealand
Animal oil (planned)
RME：Rapeseed Methyl Ester Palm (planned)
 1.4 Bio Diesel adoption Plan in Indonesia
1. Based on ESDM (Ministry of Energy Mineral Resources) Ministry Decree
No. 20/7.2014, that for mandatory implementation B20 started since 1st
January 2016, and B30 will implement on 1st January 2020.
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
FAME Content 30%

FAME Content 20%

FAME Content

FAME Content
15%
B30
FAME Content
5 ~ 7.5%
10%
B15
B20
B5 ~ B7.5 B10

2. The Bio-diesel 20% (B20) had been implemented more than 1 year, for
automotive this is no big issue on mandatory B20 in year 2016, with
indicated by no big concern after market problem and fuel filter replace
related with utilizing B20 on vehicle.
3. For further support KEN (National Energy Policy), government will continue
to implementation B30 in year 2020
Need to anticipate compatibility
automotive product.
 1.5 Energy Mix Policy in Indonesia

Based on the KEN plan, Indonesia is trying to shift the energy consumption from
“Rely on Oil structure” to “Balanced Mixed Energy Structure” in Future.

Energy Mix Policy (2013, 2025 and 2050 Plan)

2013 2025 2050

Oil Coal Gas NRE (New Renewable Energy)

6% 304 MTOE 20%

87 MTOE
10 MTOE 23% 25% 31%
20%
165 M 380 M
TOE* 50% TOE* 980 M
TOE*
22% 25%
24%
30%
24%

Source: KEN, ADM Energy Sector White Paper 2014

Note: TOE: Ton of Oil Equivalent

7
II. Potential Effect Use Highly-concentrated Biodiesel
1. Effect of Easy to Oxidize and deteriorate

2. Effect of Easy to produce precipitate

3. Effect of high soluble

 2.1 Possible solutions in Indonesia

Characteristics of biodiesel To be studied in Indonesia

Oxidation Stability requirement

Easy to oxidize and 1 Oxidation stability of Palm is better than other FAME.
deteriorate
 Appropriate oxidation specification is required

MG amount criteria
Palm is more easy to produce precipitate, but
Easy to produce precipitate
particular area is tropical region.
(Derived from raw material)
 Need to clear actual temperature and
Appropriate MG/SMG criteria is required.

Request to the Government

Highly-soluble
Gradual increase of FAME content and announce to
⇒Peeling of sludge(Soap effect)
people before using it.

B20 would be feasible with certain condition.

 2.1.1 RIG TEST
Rig Test was conducted @ Denso Japan Laboratory and witnesses by
Indonesian Government Delegation on: December 3, 2014
RIG TEST RESULT
General Conclusion
• Oxidation doesn’t occur
• Government agreed to revise the standard of OS (Racimat Mthd. 6 hrs.
8 hrs.)
 2.2 Possible solutions in Indonesia

Characteristics of biodiesel To be studied in Indonesia

Oxidation Stability requirement

Easy to oxidize and
Oxidation stability of Palm is better than other FAME.
deteriorate
 Appropriate oxidation specification is required

MG amount criteria
2
Palm is more easy to produce precipitate, but
Easy to produce precipitate
particular area is tropical region.
(Derived from raw material)
 Need to clear actual temperature and
Appropriate MG/SMG criteria is required.

Request to the Government

Highly-soluble
Gradual increase of FAME content and announce to
⇒Peeling of sludge(Soap effect)
people before using it.

B20 would be feasible with certain condition.

 2.2.1 Fuel Quality (B0, B100 & BXX) & Precipitation TEST
B100 PRODUCERS TESTING ACTIVITIES
 Biodiesel Samples MG Chemical B-XX BLENDING
 8 Producers Precipitation Test in Cooling Chamber
High MG ~0.8%
10oC 15oC 20oC 25oC Sim 1 Sim 2
Q1 Average MG

B-100 Analysis
Q3
FUEL STATIONS @ 6 samples
@ 5 samples  Each sample is placed in the separating funnel.
Sample for % Biodiesel
 Soaking packages of 8 samples for 1 week in 4 different
quantity test (fuel station:
temperature conditions (10, 15, 20 and 25 oC), and in
Pertamina)
simulated temperature conditions (reflecting 2 locations).
 Filtering the sample, and weighing the precipitate.
Fuel Station

Precipitation Outdoor Test in 2 Cities

Q3
@ 6 samples

B-XX Analysis
@ 5 samples
Bukittinggi
B0 SUPPLY
 B0 Samples Lembang

Q2
 Each sample is placed in the separating funnel.
 Soaking packages of 8 samples in 2 locations for 1 week.
 Filtering the sample, and weighing the precipitate.
B-0 Analysis
 8 Biodiesel Producers in Indonesia

Taking B100 & Bxx sample supported by members of EBTKE

 PROCEDURE OF PRECIPITATION TEST
B-xx samples (100 cc) Compressed air
(at final stage, if necessary)

Melting point :
• Mono-palmitin (MG) :
74oC
100 ml • Mono-stearin (MG) : 70oC
Boiling point :
100 ml
• Petro-ether : 60oC

VACUUM DRYING
(at room temperature)

Petro - ether

WEIGHING
PRECIPITATE

VACUUM FILTRATION WASHING PRECIPITATE

Chambe Outdoor
r
COOLING CONDITIONS
Measuring 100 ml, 11 sample Weighing Pouring Weighing
Empty Funnel 100 ml Sample Sample in Funnel

Cooling Chamber Bukittinggi Lembang

 Pouring sample Process Vacuum Petro Ether
Weighing to filter holder Filter holder Cleaning
Filter Paper

Collecting Precipitation
Weighing Filter Paper + Precipitation to Desiccator
(Dry Condition)
Filter Paper + Precipitation
(Wet Condition)

Process Vacuum in Desiccator

Profile Temperature Comparison among BMKG data, Simulation Cooling Chamber and
Actual Site Temperatures at Lembang

30.0
deg C 27.8
27.2
26.3
25.3 25.7
25.0
24.4 24.3 24.7 24.4 24.4
24.0 24.5
23.4 23.2 23.3
22.2 22.6 22.1
22.1
21.9
21.1 21.3 21.0
21.0
20.0 20.4 20.2 20.4 20.1 19.9
19.4 19.7 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.1 18.9 19.3
17.3 17.4 17.3
15.9 16.4 16.2
15.0 14.9 14.9 14.7
14.8
14.2 14.0 13.9 14.2
13.6 13.1
12.6 12.4
Site Test Termperature
10.0 Simulation Temperature
BMKG data ≈ Cooling Chamber Simulation Cooling Chamber

BMKG Temperature Data

5.0

0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Time/Clock
Profile Temperature Comparison among BMKG data, Simulation Cooling Chamber and
Actual Site Temperatures at Bukittinggi

35.0
deg C
30.0
27.7
26.6 28.1 28.6 26.4
25.0 27.1 27.1 27.6 27.5 27.5
25.5 23.4 23.7 23.7 23.5
24.2 22.6 23.0 23.0 22.9 22.6
21.7 21.5 22.3 22.1
23.2 21.8 22.0 21.8 21.5 21.4
20.8 20.8 20.4 20.4 20.2 22.2
20.0 19.8 20.1 19.7
20.8 18.3
17.4 20.0
18.2 18.8
16.4 18.4 18.6
15.0 17.6 17.6 17.0 16.6 16.3 16.4
17.5

Site Test Termperature

10.0 Simulation Temperature
BMKG data ≈ Cooling Chamber Simulation Cooling Chamber
BMKG Temperature Data
5.0

0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Time/Clock
 ANALYSIS & RESULTS
Some Specifications are no t comply
B100 Analysis SNI 7182:2015 requirement

Samples from Producers (B100)

SNI
Property 7182:2015
Limit BKS BTM MDN PKU 1 PKU 2 PKU 3 GRK 1 GRK 2

Acid Number, mg KOH/g 0.6, max 0.581 0.425 0.431 0.615 0.311 0.288 0.147 0.226

Total Glycerin, wt % 0.24, max 0.2308 0.0060 0.0141 0.2595 0.1789 0.1942 0.2670 0.1863

Free Glycerin, wt % 0.02, max 0.0081 0.0022 0.0090 0.0094 0.0129 0.0118 0.0038 0.0034

Water and Sediment Content,

0.05, max <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05
vol %

Ester Content, wt % 96.5, min 97.25 99.75 99.78 99.70 99.86 99.86 99.92 99.88

Oxidation Stability, hrs 8, min 17.43 10.60 5.30 42.67 23.75 34.57 30.52 31.88

Max Avg.
MG Content, wt % 0.8, max 0.6548 0.1270 0.0729 0.4139 0.5551 0.3289 0.4324 0.3170

Note :
- BKS : Bekasi; MDN : Medan; BTM : Batam; PKU : Pekanbaru; GRK : Gresik
 Simulation Air Temperatur Lembang & Bukittinggi (2014 ~ 2015) based on BMKG (Minimum)
Lembang : based on Data 2015 ==> 26 July 2015 and Bukittinggi : based on Data 2014 ==> 21 July 2014
Minimum Temperature (°C) on July 2014/2015
Date/Clock 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
LEMBANG 14.7 14.2 14.0 13.6 12.6 12.4 14.2 15.9 17.3 18.9 21.9 23.4 24.3 24.7 24.4 24.0 23.3 22.1 21.0 19.3 16.4 16.2 14.9 14.9
BUKITTINGGI 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.0 16.6 16.3 16.4 18.2 22.2 24.2 25.5 27.1 27.1 27.6 27.5 28.1 28.6 27.5 23.2 20.8 20.0 18.4 18.8 18.6

31.0
30.0
29.0 28.6
28.0 27.6 28.1
27.5 27.5
27.0
26.0 We take the lowest temperature 25.5
27.1 27.1
25.0 24.7
24.0
23.0 condition in Lembang 12.4 o C 24.2
23.4
24.3 24.4 24.0
23.3 23.2
22.0 22.2 21.9 22.1
21.0 21.0 20.8
20.0 20.0
19.0 18.9 19.3 18.8
18.0 18.2 18.4 18.6
17.0 17.5 17.6 17.6 17.3
17.0 16.6
16.0 16.3 16.4 15.9 16.4 16.2
15.0 14.7 14.9 14.9
14.0 14.2 14.0 14.2
13.0 13.6
12.0 12.6 12.4
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0 LEMBANG
7.0
6.0 BUKITTINGGI
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Graph of Comparison Precipitation at Various Temperature Conditions :

High MG Content (0.8 wt %) Average MG Content (0.3 wt %)

30
Combining The Lowest Temperature & Precipitation Result

With the trend line correlation

precipitation vs. temperature of B15, B20
and B30 on High content MG (0.8 wt%)
@ temperature 12.4 o C
 With the trend line correlation
precipitation vs. temperature of B30;
B20 and B15 on Average content MG
(0.33 wt%) @ temperature 12.4 o C
In case B30:
If we assume current B15 with high MG content is suitable condition for Indonesia
circumstance, so for B30 we have simulation data as bellow:
MG Precipitate MG Precipitate
B30 MG VS. Precipitate
(wt%) (wt%)
(wt%) (wt%)
B30 High (0.8 wt%) 0.8 0.095136
B30 Average (0.33 wt%) 0.33 0.0433304 0.8 0.095136
MG Precipitate
B15 MG VS. Precipitate
(wt%) (wt%) ? 0.0444384
B15 High (0.8 wt%) 0.8 0.0444384
0.33 0.0433304
B15 Average (0.33 wt%) 0.33 0.0172584

0.095 - 0.044
? = 0.8 - [ 0.095 - 0.043
x (0.8 - 0.33)]
= 0.8 - [ 0.98 x 0.47 ]
= 0.8 - [ 0.461 ]
B30 Proposal:
= 0.339 ≈ 0.34
Maximum 0.4 wt%
In case B20:
If we assume current B15 with high MG content is suitable condition for Indonesia
circumstance, so for B20 we have simulation data as bellow:
MG Precipitate
B20 MG VS. Precipitate
(wt%) (wt%)
MG Precipitate
B20 High (0.8 wt%) 0.8 0.061928
(wt%) (wt%)
B20 Average (0.33 wt%) 0.33 0.02281632 0.8 0.061928
MG Precipitate
B15 MG VS. Precipitate

B15 High (0.8 wt%)

(wt%)
0.8
(wt%)
0.0444384
? 0.0444384

B15 Average (0.33 wt%) 0.33 0.0172584 0.33 0.02281632

? = 0.8 - [ 0.062 - 0.044 x (0.8 - 0.33)]

0.062 - 0.023
= 0.8 - [ 0.462 x 0.47 ]
= 0.8 - [ 0.217 ]
B20 Proposal:
= 0.583 ≈ 0.58
Maximum 0.6 wt%
Recommendation
1. The precipitation from FAME blended fuel clearly has been observed under real
circumstance in Indonesia especially for “cold cities” condition (in this test we
simulated @ 2 cities : Lembang – Bandung and Bukittinggi – Padang).

2. For implementation B20 and B30 in future, need to improve B100 Spec. (SNI. 7182
- 2015), the specification of Mono Glycerine (MG) content from Maximum 0.8 wt%
becomes :
A. For B20 MG content Maximum 0.6 wt%
B. For B30 MG content Maximum 0.4 wt%

3. Current status for B100 produced in Indonesia, assume based on our proposal:
Samples from Producers (B100)
MG Content, wt % Limit
BKS BTM MDN PKU 1 PKU 2 PKU 3 GRK 1 GRK 2

Result MG Content, wt % 0.6548 0.1270 0.0729 0.4139 0.5551 0.3289 0.4324 0.3170

SNI: 7182 - 2015 0.8, max O O O O O O O O

Recommendation for B20 0.6, max X O O O O O O O
Recommendation for B30 0.4, max X O O X X O X O
 2.2.2 Road Test 100,000 KM

Fuel Supply
Pertamina &
Mandatori Aprobi
BBN Fuel Quality Fuel System
Test Test

Engine Tech. • Techn. Research Utilizing ITB/Lemigas

Development -BPPT BBN (B20) on vehicle & Technical
-Lemigas Heavy equipment recommenda
• Technical Team facilitation
Update Test tions B20 for
B20 implementation
Result Vehicle &
Engine
Heavy
Storage stability Coordinator : DJ EBTKE Performance &
equipment
Technical and material B20 Vehicle
Support compatibility Test Obyek : Passenger Test
Test Vehicle (MPV) & Heavy Eq.
BPPT
Policy LEMIGAS Gaikindo
References ADARO
(Swadana)
B20 Heavy
Equipment Test

HINABI/BPPT/ITB
 1. LocaLon→ DKI Jakarta, Banten & West Jawa 2. Road Condition

3. Test Method
Compare 2 same vehicle type, fill in with
different fuel B0 and B20. Treat with
same condition . Than compare vehicle
performance and emission for every
vehicle..

Loop Test Pattern

Serpong ~ JORR ~ Jagorawi ~ Puncak ~ Rest in lembang at night SerpongSerpong Lembang Lembang
Lembang Cianjur ~ Padalarang ~ Cileunyi ~ Padaleunyi ~ (Soaking 7 hours) 05:00 06:00 14:00 02:00
Pasteur ~ Lembang fill fuel up in Lembang 2
Lembang ~ Subang ~ Cikampek ~ Palimanan ~ Fill fuel up in Serpong
BPPT
Cikampek ~ Karawang ~ Cibitung ~ JORR ~ basecamp 1
Serpong Serpong
Fuel filling Running time Soaking time Running time
Total 1 lap circle ± 500 km for 1 day (24 hours)
Road Test Scheme
Storing Vehicle
fuelled by B20
Fuel supply an Base camp II
@ Lembang

Toyota–Innova
(2 unit : B0 and
B0
B20)
ROAD TEST 40.000 KM
B20
(km)

0 2500 5000 10.00 20.000 30.000 40.000

Mitsubishi– 0
Pajero
Emissions
(2 unit : B0 and Test
B20)
Chassis
Dynometer
Test
Chevrolet-Spin Lubricant
(2 unit : B0 and Analysis
B20)
Metrology
and Rating
Methodology Exhaust Emission Test, Power and Fuel Consumption

UN-ECE Drive Cycle

Vehicle Type A Vehicle Type B Vehicle Type C

Cylinder Volume 2500 cc Cylinder Volume 1300 cc Cylinder Volum 2500 cc

4 silinder in-line with 16 4 silinder in-line with 16 4 silinder in-line with 16

valve valve valve

Ccommon rail System Common rail System Common rail System

Turbocharge Turbocharge Turbocharge

EGR EGR EGR
Manual Transmission Manual Transmission Otomatic Transmission
 TEST RESULT
A. Fuel Consumption & Maximum Power

Fuel Consumption:
1.Both vehicle have same fuel
consumption tendency.
2.The difference fuel consumption
between B0 and B20 average 2.8%.
3. Test method by ECE R 101, calculation
based on “Carbon Balance”
4.Test done @ Laboratory “BPPT-BTMP”
Serpong.

Maximum Power:
1.Both vehicle have same maximum power
tendency.
2. The difference maximum power between
B0 and B20 average 3.9%
3. Test method by ECE R 85.
4. Test done @ Laboratory “BPPT-BTMP”
Serpong.
B. Vehicle Exhaust Emission
Maks. CO : 1.5 gr/km
Maks. HC + NOx : 1.2 gr/km

Maks. Opacity : 70%

Maks. Particulate : 0.17 gr/km

Exhaust Emission:
1. Both vehicle have same exhaust emission tendency
2. Emission CO; HC and NOx for B20 relative lower than emission B0 vehicle
3. Exhaust Emission result still under Euro 2 limit value (Pass)
4. Test Method by ECE R. 83-04
5. Tested done @ Laboratory BPPT-BTMP Serpong.
C. Screening & Function O : No problem (good condition)
∆ : Have phenomenon under tolerance/control
• Screening Test (Sense) X : Have problem & need corrective action
No. Check Item 50K 60K 70K 80K 90K 100K
1 Response vehicle unit O O O O O O
2 Smoothness (mbrebet) O O O O O O
3 E/G abnormal noise O O O O O O
4 E/G abnormal vibration O O O O O O

• Function & Visual Check

No. Check Item 50K 60K 70K 80K 90K 100K

1 Fuel filter clogging O O ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆
2 Fuel system leakage O O O O O O
3 Level oil E/G (engine) O O O O O O
4 Level water coolant O O O O O O
Note :
Indicator lamp fuel filter “light on” but power of vehicle still normal (no decrease power tendency) :
•B20 → mileage : 25,695 km (Odometer : 65,695 km)
•B20 (Add.) → mileage : 27,730 km (Odometer : 67,730 km)

Until achieve 100.000 km mileage, B20 unit vehicle still under good condition/normal ,
except “light on” fuel filter indicator lamp (under monitor)
 B0
COMPONENT RATING

 Piston Ring normal condition

 No wearing detected
 Carbon deposit relative same

B20

B0 B20
Lubrication Test Result (engine oil)
 2.2.3 B20 Part Modification
Some automotive brand change material for compatibility to biodiesel B20

Source: PT. HMI advertising

 Injector

Center

Outer Center Outer Inner

Direct Injection - EFI Common Rail - EFI

Source: EBTKE & ITB

Improving Injector material compatibilities are follows improvement

of engine technology
 Outer

Center
Surface coating
Inner

Outer Inner Outer Inner

Center Surface Coating Center Surface Coating

Common Rail - ECU Common Rail - ECU
(Old Before 2016) (New After 2016)
Source: EBTKE & ITB

To more durable with high blend biodiesel content, some

injectors have improvement their surface coating thickness
 III. Activity For Improving B100 SNI Specification
ITEM ~ 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

B30
B20
B15
Regulation Biodiesel B10
Mandatory B5 ~ B7.5
B0

Euro II
Emission Regulation

SNI 04-7182 - 2006 SNI 7182- 2012 SNI 7182- 2015

B100 SNI Standard
No No Concern due to FAME
Spec concern Concern SNI Specification: SNI Specification:
content < 7.5 % Sulfur 100 ppm Max Sulfur 50 ppm Max
due to ==> Monitoring Target Proper
Acid Value 0.6 mg KOH/g max Acid Value 0.5 mg KOH/g max
FAME B100 SNI Spec
0% Phosphorus 10 ppm Max Phosphorus 4 ppm Max
for B30
OS Racimat 6 hrs OS Racimat 8 hrs
MG Content None MG Content 0.8 Mass % Max

Gaikindo Proposal for Proposal Toward B20:

Sulfur 10 ppm Max
improve B100 Spec New Proposal
Acid Value 0.5 mg KOH/g max
Phosphorus 4 ppm Max based on test
1) OS Racimat 8 hrs result ???
3) MG Content 0.35 Mass % Max

1. Conduct Injector Rig Test @ Denso Japan

Support Test for getting
data. 2. Conduct 100.000 km Endurance Test Need additional test:
1. Expanding Precipitate Test
3. Conduct Precipitate Test 2. Rig Test Fuel Filter clogging
3. Euro IV Test
4. Endurance 100.000 km for B30

Improving SNI B100 needed when increasing bio-diesel blending content

 Developing B100 SNI Specification
No Property SNI 04-7182-2010 SNI 7182 : 2012 SNI 7182 : 2015
1 Density @ 40°C, kg/m3 850 - 890 850 - 890 850 - 890

2 Viscosity @ 40°C, cSt 2.3 - 6.0 2.3 - 6 2.3 - 6.0

3 Cetane number, min 51 51 51

4 Flash Point, °C, min 100 100 100

5 Cloud Point (CP), °C, max 18 18 18

6 Copper corrosion, 3hr @ 50°C, merit (class), max No. 3 No. 1 No.1
Carbon residue 100% (CCR), wt%, max, or 0.05 0.05 0.05
7
Carbon residue 10%, wt%, max 0.3 0.3 0.3

8 Water and Sediment %-vol. 0.05* 0.05 0.05

9 Distillation Temperature T90, °C, max 360 360 360

10 Sulfated Ash, wt%, max 0.02 0.02 0.02

Some properties 100 100 50
11 Sulfur, ppm, max
12 Phosphorus, ppm, max
have been improved 10 10 4
based on Indonesia 0.6 0.6 0.5
13 Acid value, mg KOH/g, max
Free Glycerin, wt%, max
circumstance 0.02 0.02 0.02
14
15 Total Glycerin, wt%, max 0.24 0.24 0.24

16 Ester content (concentration), wt%, min 96.5 96.5 96.5

17 Iodine number, g/100g, max 115 115 115

18** Helphen Test Negative ---- ---

Oxidation Stability Rancimat method, minute, min --- 360 480

18
Oxidation Stability PetroOxy, minute, max --- 27 36

19 Monogliceride % - Mass, Max --- --- 0.8

Note:
* Possibility conduct seperate test with content of Sediment Max. 0.01 %-volume.
** Property No.18 on SNI 04-7182-2006 was changed from Halphen Test become Oxidation Stability Test
IV. JAMA Stance Point of B20
http://www.jama.or.jp/eco/wwfc/pdf/FAME_JAMA_Supplementary_Position_Statement_December2016.pdf
 V. B20 Implementation Status @ Indonesia Year 2016
5.1 Biodiesel Production Capacity
Production capacity biodiesel in Indonesia around 11,3 million KL (25 factory) with
spread on all Indonesia area except Papua and Maluku
Sufficient Capacity
 5.2 Production and Distribution Biodiesel
Production and distribution biodiesel have fluctuation, in year 2016 consume biodiesel
in domestic market increase around 276% (2.9 Mill KL) if compare with year 2015.

This movement is inline with implementation mandatory B20 in year 2016.
 5.3 Distribution Biodiesel (Source: Surveyor Indonesia 2016)
B20 distribution almost on all Indonesia area, except Bali and Maluku island.
Note: Bali , due to PERTAMINA internal policy
Maluku , due to ship transportation route

Sumatera Kalimantan Sulawesi

87 % 96 % 87 %
Maluku
37 %
Irian Jaya
100 %

Jawa Nusa
90 % Tenggara
Bali 83 %
31 %
 5.4 Market Index Price Biodiesel
Market Index Price (HIP) Biodiesel VS Diesel Fuel Gap, Since February 2015 the gap of
HIP increase, on December 2016 the HIP gap around IDR 4,363.

BPDPKS (CPO Foundation) can manage the price gap by subsidize CPO manufacturer.
 Summary
1. To implementation B20 in year 2016, our government have
conducted some technical research and 100.000 km road test to
pick up potential problem and make solutions.
2. The mandatory of B20 biodiesel had been implemented since
January 1st, 2016, for automotive this is no big issue with
indication are no big concern on after sales service problem and
fuel filter replacement, some brand have been improving their
material compatibility. We still keep monitor on the market.
3. To avoid potential technical problem, B100 of the biodiesel (B20)
should comply with SNI 7182 – 2015 specification
4. JAMA (Japan Automotive Manufacturer Association) had state
their position regarding B20 implementation in Indonesia.
5. To implementing B30 in year 2020, needed improving SNI B100
specifications by conducting such kind technical research at least
same with the activities on B20 implementation.
 THANK YOU

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