Verificação Compress 2014 PDF

MECHANICAL CALCULATION SHEET
CUSTOMER
EQUIPAR TECNOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL SA. REPORT No.
PROJECT
--- VS.01/13
SCALE
AREA
UNIDADE INDUSTRIAL DE CAMPINAS – SP SE
TITLE
VERIFICATION OF SOFTWARE
COMPRESS - BUILD 7400
JO No. DRAWING OR DOCUMENT No.
----- ---------
REVISION INDEX
REV DESCRIPTION AND/OR CHANGED SHEETS

00 FIRST ISSUE
REV. 00 REV. 01 REV. 02 REV. 03 REV. 04 REV. 05 REV. 06 REV. 07 REV. 08

DATE 28/11/13
DESIGN WILSON
APPROVAL CARLOS
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VERIFICATION OF SOFTWARE - COMPRESS BUILD 7400
Summary
1 Verification of software COMPRESS Build 7400 ..................................................................................................... 1
2 VESSEL 1 ............................................................................................................................................................ 1
2.1 DESIGN PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE .......................................................................................................................... 1
2.2 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS - ASME SECTION II, PART D - METRIC ...................................................................................... 1
2.3 FLUID PROPERTIES ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
2.4 F&D HEAD............................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
2.4.2 Dimension .................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.4.3 Required thickness calculation .................................................................................................................... 3
2.4.4 Forming strain verification UHA-44(a)(2) --- Table UG-79(1) ..................................................................... 7
2.5 CYLINDRICAL SHELL .................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.5.1 Dimensions .................................................................................................................................................. 7
2.5.2 Required Thickness Calculation ................................................................................................................... 8
2.5.3 Forming strain verification ........................................................................................................................ 11
2.5.4 Verification of stress during test ............................................................................................................... 11
2.6 BOTTOM HEAD ....................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.6.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.6.2 Dimensions ................................................................................................................................................ 12
2.6.3 Minimal thickness calculation ................................................................................................................... 13
2.6.4 Forming strain verification UHA-44(a)(2) --- Table UG-79(1) .................................................................... 16
3 VESSEL 2 .......................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.1 DESIGN PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE ........................................................................................................................ 16
3.2 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS - ASME SECTION II, PART D - METRIC .................................................................................... 17
3.3 FLUID PROPERTIES .................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.4 BOTTOM HEAD - TORICONICAL.................................................................................................................................... 18
3.4.1 Dimension .................................................................................................................................................. 18
3.4.2 Required Thickness .................................................................................................................................... 19
3.4.3 Forming Strain ........................................................................................................................................... 20
3.4.4 Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads ............................................................................... 20
3.4.5 Cone small end calculations per Appendix 1-5(e)(2), weight + pressure, corroded ................................... 23
3.5 NOZZLE.................................................................................................................................................................. 28
3.5.1 Reinforcement calculations for external pressure ..................................................................................... 29
3.5.2 Weld Check ................................................................................................................................................ 30
3.5.3 Nozzle Neck Thickness Check..................................................................................................................... 31
3.5.4 Allowable stresses in joints ........................................................................................................................ 32
3.5.5 Strength of welded joints: ......................................................................................................................... 32
3.5.6 Loading on welds ....................................................................................................................................... 33
3.5.7 Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2) ................................................................................................................... 35
3.6 FLANGE ................................................................................................................................................................. 36
3.6.1 Flange calculations for Internal Pressure + Weight Only .......................................................................... 36
3.6.2 Required bolt area ..................................................................................................................................... 38
3.6.3 Stresses at operating conditions ............................................................................................................... 39
3.6.4 Flange rigidity at operating per VIII-1 Appendix 2-14 ............................................................................... 43
3.6.5 Stresses at gasket seating ......................................................................................................................... 43
3.6.6 Flange rigidity at gasket seating ............................................................................................................... 44
i
Summary of Lists
LIST 1 – MATERIALS DEFINED BY COMPRESS. ............................................................................................................................ 2
LIST 2 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – STATIC LIQUID HEAD. ................................................................................................................... 3
LIST 3 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN THICKNESS FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE. ................................................................................. 4
LIST 4 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – MAWP. .................................................................................................................................... 4
LIST 5 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN - EXTERNAL PRESSURE ..................................................................................................... 6
LIST 5 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – CHECK THICKNESS - EXTERNAL PRESSURE ...................................................................................... 6
LIST 6 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – MAEP...................................................................................................................................... 7
LIST 7 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FORMING STRAIN ........................................................................................................................ 7
LIST 8 - COMPRESS OUTPUT – STATIC PRESSURE ....................................................................................................................... 8
LIST 9- COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN THICKNESS ...................................................................................................................... 8
LIST 10 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – MINIMAL THICKNESS CALCULATION.............................................................................................. 10
LIST 11 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FIBER ELONGATION. ................................................................................................................ 11
LIST 12 – COMPRESS OUTPUT - MAXIMUM STRESS DURING TEST ................................................................................................. 12
LIST 13 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN THICKNESS FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE .............................................................................. 13
LIST 14 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – MAWP ................................................................................................................................. 14
LIST 14 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN THICKNESS FOR EXTERNAL PRESSURE.............................................................................. 15
LIST 16 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – MAEP .................................................................................................................................. 15
LIST 17 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – CHECK THE EXTERNAL PRESSURE PER UG-33(A)(1) ...................................................................... 16
LIST 18 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FORMING STRAIN. ................................................................................................................... 16
LIST 19 – MATERIAL DEFINED BY COMPRESS. .......................................................................................................................... 17
LIST 21 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – STATIC LIQUID HEAD. ............................................................................................................... 18
LIST 22 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – THICKNESS OF SMALL END ........................................................................................................ 19
LIST 23 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN THICKNESS AT LARGE END OF CONE. ................................................................................ 19
LIST 24 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – DESIGN THICKNESS OF KNUCKLE. ............................................................................................... 20
LIST 25 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FORMING STRAIN .................................................................................................................... 20
LIST 26 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – THICKNESS REQUIRED DUE TO PRESSURE + EXTERNAL LOADS ....................................................... 23
LIST 27 – TABLE PRD - POISSON’S RATIO AND DENSITY OF MATERIALS .......................................................................................... 24
LIST 28 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – WEIGHT SUMMARY................................................................................................................... 24
LIST 29 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AXIAL LOAD PER UNIT CIRCUMFERENCE AT SMALL END. ................................................................... 24
LIST 30 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – QS CALCULATION .................................................................................................................... 25
LIST 31 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – ARS CALCULATION ................................................................................................................... 25
LIST 32 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AES CALCULATION.................................................................................................................... 25
LIST 33 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – WEIGHT SUMMARY................................................................................................................... 26
LIST 34 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AXIAL LOAD PER UNIT CIRCUMFERENCE AT SMALL END. ................................................................... 26
LIST 35 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – QS CALCULATION. ................................................................................................................... 26
LIST 36 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – ARS CALCULATION ................................................................................................................... 27
LIST 37 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AES CALCULATION.................................................................................................................... 27
LIST 38 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – SUMMARY OF RESULTS ............................................................................................................ 27
LIST 39 – COMPRESS PRINT – NOZZLE INPUTS ......................................................................................................................... 28
LIST 40 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AREA REQUIRED .................................................................................................................. 29
LIST 41 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AREA AVAILABLE .................................................................................................................. 30
LIST 42 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – WELD CHECK ....................................................................................................................... 31
LIST 43 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – NOZZLE NECK THICKNESS CHECK............................................................................................. 31
LIST 44 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – INNER FILLED WELD IN SHEAR ................................................................................................. 32
LIST 45 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – OUTER FILLET WELD IN SHEAR................................................................................................. 32
LIST 46 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – NOZZLE WALL IN SHEAR ......................................................................................................... 32
LIST 47 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – GROOVE WELD IN TENSION ..................................................................................................... 33
LIST 48 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – UPPER GROOVE WELD IN TENSION ........................................................................................... 33
LIST 49 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – TOTAL WELD LOAD ................................................................................................................ 33
LIST 50 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – WELD LOAD FOR STRENGTH PATH 1-1 ...................................................................................... 33
LIST 53 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – LOAD FOR PATH 1-1 .............................................................................................................. 34
LIST 56 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – UG-37 AREA CALCULATION SUMMARY ...................................................................................... 35
ii
LIST 57 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FORMING STRAIN .................................................................................................................. 35

LIST 58 – COMPRESS PRINT – FLANGE GENERAL DIMENSIONS .................................................................................................... 36
LIST 59 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FLANGE LOADS ..................................................................................................................... 38
LIST 60 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – REQUIRED BOLT AREA ............................................................................................................ 38
LIST 61 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – AVAILABLE BOLT AREA............................................................................................................ 38
LIST 61 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FLANGE MOMENT CALCULATIONS.............................................................................................. 39
LIST 63 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – LONGITUDINAL HUB STRESS .................................................................................................... 42
LIST 64 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – RADIAL FLANGE STRESS ......................................................................................................... 43
LIST 65 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – TANGENTIAL FLANGE STRESS .................................................................................................. 43
LIST 66 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – STRESSES AT GASKET SEATING................................................................................................ 44
LIST 65 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FLANGE RIGIDITY AT GASKET SEATING ....................................................................................... 44
Summary of tables
TABLE 1 – MATERIALS SPECIFIED BY EQUIPAR ............................................................................................................................... 1
TABLE 2 – ITERATIONS FOR CALCULATING THE REQUIRED THICKNESS ................................................................................................. 5
TABLE 3 – ITERATIONS FOR CALCULATING THE REQUIRED THICKNESS ............................................................................................... 10
TABLE 4 – ITERATIONS FOR CALCULATING THE REQUIRED THICKNESS ............................................................................................... 15
TABLE 5 – MATERIALS SPECIFIED BY EQUIPAR ............................................................................................................................. 17
TABLE 6 – ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS CALCUALTIONS ........................................................................................................ 21
TABLE 7 – REQUIRED THICKNESS DUE PRESSURE + EXTERNAL LOADS FOR TOP SEAM ......................................................................... 22
TABLE 8 – THICKNESS PROFILE FOR THE BOTTOM SEAM CROSS-SECTION .......................................................................................... 22
TABLE 9 – REQUIRED THICKNESS DUE PRESSURE + EXTERNAL LOADS FOR BOTTOM SEAM ................................................................... 22
TABLE 10 – REQUIRED THICKNESS DUE PRESSURE + EXTERNAL LOADS RESULTS ............................................................................... 23
TABLE 11 – RESULTS.............................................................................................................................................................. 27
iii
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iv
1 Verification of software COMPRESS Build 7400

The software COMPRESS Build 7400, developed by Codeware, Inc., allows the sizing of pressure vessels
according to ASME Section VIII, Division 1 from 1995 to 2013 edition. Codeware offers a manual of software
verification for registered users, which can be downloaded in the website www.codeware.com.
To prove the correctness of the calculations, the following elements were checked:
VESSEL 1
a) Top head – torispherical 10%

b) Cylindrical shell
c) Bottom head – ellipsoidal
VESSEL 2
a) Toriconical head
b) Reinforced nozzle
c) Appendix 2 flange
2 VESSEL 1
2.1 Design Pressure and Temperature
The adopted values for design temperature and pressure of VESSEL 1 are:
 Design pressure (internal)......................................... : 500 kPa
 Design pressure (external)........................................ : 100 kPa
 Design temperature .................................................. : 150°C
 Minimal design temperature...................................... : -29°C
2.2 Properties of materials - ASME Section II, Part D - Metric

The materials stress data, used for design of analyzed elements were obtained from ASME Section II, Part D-
Metric, and are showing on the follow table.
Material Allowable Stress
(Mpa)
Dimensions
Specification Shape Table Page Line -30C a
(mm) 150°C
40°C
SA-240 TP316L Plate All 1A 74 10 115 115
SA-312 TP 316L
Seamless pipe All 1A 74 15 115 115
Wld & Smls Pipe
SA-182 F316L Forged <125 1A 74 6 115 115
SA-193 B8M Bolts All 3 360 5 130 107
Table 1 – Materials specified by Equipar
The software COMPRESS Build 7400 uses the correct stress values in metrical units, but the material
specification follow the English units description. Below, the material description used vessel parts, defined by
software.
1
List 1 – Materials defined by COMPRESS.
Comparing the table with a list, it is concluded that the software selected the correct materials.
The stress values aren’t explicitly showed in the list of inputs. These values will be shown in the verification
for each part.
2.3 Fluid properties

Fluid density – operating ................................................................................ : 1,000 kg/m³
Fluid density - test ......................................................................................... T: 1,000 kg/m³
Acceleration of gravity .....................................................................................g: 9.807 m/s²
Note: The gravity acceleration value is given at sea level and latitude 45°.
2
2.4 F&D Head

2.4.1 General
The verification of the top head will be made only to the dished portion, since the straight flange is
calculated as a cylinder and this procedure has been verified in the analysis of the calculation of the shell.
2.4.2 Dimension
The top head dimensions are related below:
Geometrical Data
Type ........................................................................................................... F&D Head (10%)
Inner diameter ............................................................................................... D: 500.00 mm
Crown radius .................................................................................................. L: 500.00 mm
Knuckle radius ................................................................................................. r: 50.00 mm
Height of dished portion ................................................................................ hN: 96.89 mm
Height of straight flange ................................................................................ hS: 25.00 mm
Nominal thickness ......................................................................................... tN: 2.50 mm
Thin out due forming....................................................................................... e: 0.50 mm
Minimal thickness after forming ............................................................. tS=tN-e: 2.00 mm
Inner corrosion allowance ............................................................................... ci: 0.00 mm
Outer corrosion allowance ............................................................................. ce: 0.00 mm
Liquid Head
Operating head ............................................................................................. HS: 0.00 mm
Vertical test head ........................................................................................ HST: 96.89 mm
Static Pressure
Operating static pressure ............................................................................. PS: 0.00 kPa
Vertical test static pressure .........................................................................PTV: 0.9502 kPa
List 2 – COMPRESS output – Static liquid head.
The calculation results and software outputs are similar.
Welded Joints
Longitudinal joint................................................................................................ Seamless
Shell x head junction .................................. Cat. B – Without Radiography- UW-11(c) Type 1
Joint efficiency ................................................................................................ E: 0.85
2.4.3 Required thickness calculation
Internal Pressure
The required thickness calculations are made in accordance to paragraph Appendix 1-4(d) for
ts/L ≥ 0.002 from ASME code, Section VIII, Division 1.
3
According to the paragraph 1-4(d), the required thickness due internal pressure is obtained by:
and
* √ +
Where:
t1-4d – required thickness (mm).
P– Internal pressure (kPa).
D– Head inner diameter (mm).
L– Crown radius (mm).
r- inside knuckle radius (mm)
S– Allowable material strength at design temperature (kPa).
E– Joint efficiency.
Thus, we have:
Internal pressure ........................................................ P = Pi + Ps = 500 + 0.00: 500.00 kPa
Tensão do material a 150°C ........................................................ S = 115 MPa: 115.000 kPa
Joint efficiency ............................................................................................... E: 0.85
* √ +
List 3 – COMPRESS output – Design thickness for internal pressure.
Maximum allowable working pressure
List 4 – COMPRESS output – MAWP.
4
External pressure
In accordance to paragraph UG-33(e) from ASME code, Section VIII, Division 1, the required thickness of a
torispherical head having pressure on the convex side, either seamless or of built-up construction with butt joints,
shall not be less than that determined by the same design procedure as is used for ellipsoidal heads given in
UG-33(d), using the appropriate value for R0.
From an assumed value for tN (2 mm), is calculated the value of factor A, using the following formula:
Outside radius of crowd portion of the head ....................................... R0=L+tN: 502.00 mm
⁄
From A value, the value of B can be obtained in the table HA-4, from ASME code, Part II – D 2013 – Metric,
page 881. Logarithmic interpolations are required. Thus, the following equation was used.
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )]
( ) ( )
Where A1, A2, B1 and B2 are obtained from mentioned table.
From factor B, is calculated the value of Maximum Allowable External Working Pressure
( ⁄ )
Compare Pa with P. If Pa is smaller than P, select a larger value for t and repeat the design procedure until a
value for Pa is obtained that is equal to or greater than P.
As seem above, the determining of the thickness required is an iterative process, where we applied the
method of dichotomy, with the initial range of thickness of [0,4] ( values in mm).
After 4 iterations, we obtained an acceptable value for the thickness, where P a is slightly higher than the
external design pressure P. The steps are presented in the table below.
Required thicknes - external pressure

STEP 1 2 3 4
Thickness t 4.00 mm 2.00 mm 1.00 mm 1.50 mm
A B (kPa) A B (kPa) A B (kPa) A B (kPa)
Table HA-4 -
4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00

150°C
5.00E-03 6.86E+01 5.00E-03 6.86E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01

9.96E-04 49.89 4.98E-04 43.50 2.49E-04 22.57 3.74E-04 33.88
MAWEP Pa 397.4 kPa Pa 173.3 kPa Pa 44.96 kPa Pa 101.2 kPa
Table 2 – Iterations for calculating the required thickness
5
List 5 – COMPRESS output – design - external pressure
In accordance to paragraph UG-33(a)(1)(-a), the thickness is obtained by the procedure given in UG-32 for
heads with pressure on the concave side (plus heads) using design pressure 1.67 times the design pressure on the
convex side, assuming a joint efficiency E=1.00 for all cases:
( )
( )
( )
( )
List 6 – COMPRESS output – Check thickness - external pressure
The required thickness of selected plated for the top head construction is:
Required thickness – UG-16(b) ................................................................ tUG-16: 1.50 mm

Required thickness – internal pressure – 1-4(c) .......................................... t1-4d: 1.97 mm
Required thickness – external pressure – UG-33(e) ............................ TUG-33(e): 1.50 mm
Required thickness – external pressure – UG-33(a)(-1).................... TUG-33(a)(1): 0.56 mm
Required thickness – greater between tUG-16, t1-4c, tUG-33(e) and tUG-33(a)(1) ...... treq: 1.97 mm
Minimal thickness after corrosion ...........................................tmin = treq + ci + ce: 1.97 mm
Required nominal thickness ........................................................ tminN = tmin + e: 2.47 mm
Maximum Allowable External Pressure

The MAEP can be observed in Table 2, in the step 2.
Pa = 173.3 kPa
6
List 7 – COMPRESS output – MAEP.
2.4.4 Forming strain verification UHA-44(a)(2) --- Table UG-79(1)

The paragraph UHA-44(a) from code requires the verification of forming strain for cold formed parts, produced
from austenitic alloys.
The required data for fiber elongation calculation are:
Nominal plate thickness ................................................................................ tN: 2.5 mm
Curvature mean radius ........................................... Rf = RK + ½ tN = 50 + 2.5/2: 51.25 mm
Original plate mean radius ............................................................................ Ro:  mm
According to Table UG-79(1) the equation for formed heads is:
( ) ( )
The software output is compatible com calculation above.
List 8 – COMPRESS output – forming strain
2.5 Cylindrical Shell

2.5.1 Dimensions
The dimensions of cylindrical shell are below:
Geometrical Data
Inner diameter .............................................................................................. DN: 500 mm
Length ........................................................................................................... Ls: 950 mm
Inner corrosion allowance ............................................................................... ci: 0.00 mm
Outer corrosion allowance ............................................................................. co: 0.00 mm
Design length between lines of support ...... L= (96.89/3)+25+950+25+(125/3): 1073.96 mm
7
Liquid Head
Operating head ............................................................................................ HS: 900.00 mm
Static Pressure
Operating static pressure ..............................................................................PS: 8.826 kPa
Vertical test static pressure ......................................................................... PTV: 10.512 kPa
The following print shows a small difference between the calculations above and software outputs. This
divergence is due to conversion of units made internally by software. The error is very small (less than 0.1%).
List 9 - COMPRESS output – static pressure
2.5.2 Required Thickness Calculation
Internal Pressure
The calculation of required thickness is made in accordance with paragraph UG-27(c)(1), from ASME Code,
Sectiono VIII, Division 1. Therefore, the required thickness can’t be less than thickness defined by UG-16(b)
The required thickness according to paragraph UG-27(c)(1) is obtained from:
where
tUG-27 –required thickness, in mm.
P – internal pressure, in kPa.
R – cylinder inner radius, in mm.
S – material allowable stress at design temperature, in kPa.
E – longitudinal joint efficiency.
Thus, we have:
Internal pressure .......................................................P = Pi + Ps = 500 + 8.826: 508.826 kPa
Inner radius ......................................................................................... R = ½ D: 250 mm
Material stress at 150°C .............................................................. S = 115 MPa: 115,000 kPa
Longitudinal joint efficiency ............................................................................ E: 0.70
Below, the output of the software.
List 10- COMPRESS output – design thickness
8
External Pressure
In accordance to paragraph UG-28(c) from ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1, the required thickness of a
cylindrical shell having external pressure is given from procedure below:
Determine the rations L/D0 and D0/t, where L = design length of a vessel section between lines of support and t
is an estimated thickness.
Enter Table G in Subpart 3 of Section II, Part D, and from ratios above is obtained the A Factor.
For numerical interpolation, the equations above were used:
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ( ⁄ ) ( ⁄ )]
( ⁄ ) ( ⁄ )
( ⁄ ⁄ )
⁄ ⁄
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )]
( ) ( )
where A1, A2, B1 and B2 are obtained from mentioned table.
The maximum allowable external working pressure can be calculated from:
( ⁄ )
For values of “A” failing to the left of applicable material/temperature line, the maximum external working
pressure can be calculated from:
( ⁄ )
Some iteration is necessary to obtain the desired Pa, which is consistent with the design requirement. These
iterations are showing below.
STEP 1 2 3 4
Thick. t 5.00 mm t 2.50 mm t 1.25 mm t 1.875 mm
D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A
100.0 2 6.41E-04 200.0 2 2.27E-04 400.0 2 8.08E-05 250.0 2 1.63E-04
100.0 4 3.05E-04 200.0 4 1.10E-04 400.0 4 3.93E-05 250.0 4 7.89E-05
100.0 2.1267 6.00E-04 200.0 2.1267 2.13E-04 400.0 2.1267 7.58E-05 2.1267 1.53E-04
Table G

125.0 2 4.59E-04 250.0 2 1.63E-04 500.0 2 5.89E-05 300.0 2 1.24E-04
125.0 4 2.20E-04 250.0 4 7.89E-05 500.0 4 2.82E-05 300.0 4 6.02E-05
125.0 2.1267 4.30E-04 250.0 2.1267 1.53E-04 500.0 2.1267 5.52E-05 300.0 2.1267 1.16E-04
101.0 2.1267 5.93E-04 202.0 2.1267 2.10E-04 404.0 2.1267 7.50E-05 269.3 2.1267 1.20E-04
A B A B
Table HA-4
1.43E-05 1.38 1 1.53E-05 1.38 The value of A falls to the The value of A falls to the
150°C
4.75E-04 43.10 2 4.75E-04 43.10 left of the applicable left of the applicable
material/temperature line. material/temperature line.
5.93E-04 53.63 2.10E-04 9.07
MAEP Pa 707.98 kPa Pa 125.88 kPa Pa 22.52 0 Pa 54.08 kPa
9
STEP 5 6 7
Thick. t 2.1875 mm t 2.34375 mm t 2.265625 mm
D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A
200.0 2 2.27E-04 200.0 2 2.27E-04 200.0 2 2.27E-04
200.0 4 1.10E-04 200.0 4 1.10E-04 200.0 4 1.10E-04
200.0 2.1267 2.13E-04 200.0 2.1267 2.13E-04 200.0 2.1267 2.13E-04
Table G

250.0 2 1.63E-04 250.0 2 1.63E-04 250.0 2 1.63E-04
250.0 4 7.89E-05 250.0 4 7.89E-05 250.0 4 7.89E-05
250.0 2.1267 1.53E-04 250.0 2.1267 1.53E-04 250.0 2.1267 1.53E-04
230.9 2.1267 1.76E-04 215.5 2.1267 1.94E-04 222.9 2.1267 1.85E-04
A B A B A B
Table HA-4
150°C
1.53E-05 1.38 1.53E-05 1.38 1 1.53E-05 1.38

4.75E-04 43.10 4.75E-04 43.10 2 4.75E-04 43.10
1.76E-04 5.93 1.94E-04 17.60 1.85E-04 16.79
MAEP Pa 91.9881 kPa Pa 108.9357 kPa Pa 100.4617 kPa
Below, the Compress output.
List 11 – COMPRESS output – minimal thickness calculation.
The required thickness for shell plates are defined below:

Required thickness – internal pressure - UG-27(c)(1) ............................. tUG-27: 1.59 mm
Required thickness – external pressure - UG-28(c) ................................ TUG-28: 2.27 mm
Required thickness – higher between tUG-16, tUG-27 and tUG-28 ............. treq: 2.27 mm
Espessura mínima ................................................................tmin = treq + ci + co: 2.27 mm
10
2.5.3 Forming strain verification

The paragraph UCS-79(d) requires a verification of forming strain for cold formed parts, manufactured from
low alloy carbon steel.
The data needed for external fiber elongation calculation are:
Plate nominal thickness ................................................................................... t: 2.50 mm
Mean radius of curvature ..................................Rf = ½ (DN + t) = ½ (500 + 2.5): 251.25 mm
Plain plate original radius ............................................................................. Ro:  mm
The equation for cylindrical elements is:
( ) ( )
The results above are in accordance with software output, shown below.
List 12 – COMPRESS output – fiber elongation.
2.5.4 Verification of stress during test

The ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 does not provide a procedure to evaluate the performance of the
equipment during the hydrostatic test. A procedure in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2 (2004 Edition) limited the
maximum stress during the test to 90% of yield stress of the material at test temperature (AD-151.1).
The equation for thickness calculation according ASME Section VIII, Division 1 showing in UG-27(c)(1) is
equal to:
Thus, the stress value can be obtained:

( )
The equation for thickness calculation according ASME Section VIII, Division 2 (2004 Edition), given in
paragraph AD-201 (a), is equal to:
Thus, the stress value can be obtained:

( )
Calculating the maximum stress during the test, the data below, the above two equations, we have:
Local pressure during test .............................................................................. P: 660.12 kPa
Nominal plate thickness................................................................................... t: 2.50 mm
Inner shell radius ........................................................................................... R: 250.00 mm
Stress per ASME VIII-1 ............................................................................ SVIII-1: 94.869 MPa
11
Stress per ASME VIII-2 ............................................................................ SVIII-2: 66.382 MPa
( )
( )
Analyzing the following list can be seen that the COMPRESS checks the condition of hydrostatic test as
required in UG-22 of ASME VIII-1, but calculates the stress using a procedure by U-2(g) based on ASME Code,
section VIII, division 2, 2004 edition.
List 13 – COMPRESS output - Maximum stress during test
2.6 Bottom Head

2.6.1 General
The verification of bottom head will be made only for dished section. The straight flange can be verified in
the cylindrical shell calculations.
2.6.2 Dimensions
The dimensions of bottom head are below.
Geometrical Data
Type ............................................................................................................. Ellipsoidal Head
Inner diameter .............................................................................................. DN: 500.00 mm
Height of dished portion ................................................................... hN = ¼ DN: 125 mm
Straigh flange lenght ..................................................................................... hs: 25.00 mm
Nominal thickness .......................................................................................... tN: 2.50 mm
Thin out due forming .......................................................................................e: 0.50 mm
Minimal thickness after forming ..........................................................ts = tN – e: 2.00 mm
Inner corrosion allowance .............................................................................. ci: 0.00 mm
Outer corrosion allowance ............................................................................ co: 0.00 mm
Liquid Head
Operating head ............................................................................................. Hs: 1,050.00 mm
Test head ..................................................................................................... Hst: 1,221.89 mm
Static pressure due liquid head

Static pressure - operating ............................................................................ Ps: 10.297 kPa
Static pressure - teste ................................................................................... Ps: 11.983 kPa
Welded Joints
Longitudinal joint ............................................................................................... Seamless
12
Shell x head junction .................................. Cat. B – Without Radiography- UW-11(c) Type 1

2.6.3 Minimal thickness calculation
Internal pressure
The required thickness calculations are made in accordance to paragraph Appendix 1-4(c) for
ts/L ≥ 0.002 from ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
According to the paragraph 1-4cd), the required thickness due internal pressure is obtained by:
* ( ) +
onde
t1-4c – required thickness (mm)
P – Internal pressure (kPa).
D – Head inner diameter (mm).
h – Height of dished portion (mm).
S – Allowable material strength at design temperature (kPa).
E – Joint efficiency.
Thus, we have:
Internal pressure.................................................... P = Pi + Ps = 500 + 10.297: 510.297 kPa
Tensão do material a 150°C........................................................ S = 115 MPa: 115.000 kPa
Eficiência de junta .......................................................................................... E: 0.85
* ( ) +
List 14 – COMPRESS output – design thickness for internal pressure
Maximum allowable working pressure
13
List 15 – COMPRESS output – MAWP
External pressure
In accordance to paragraph UG-33(d) from ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1, the required thickness of a
ellipsoidal head having pressure on the convex side, either seamless or of built-up construction with butt joints,
shall not be less than that determined by the same design procedure as is used for ellipsoidal heads given in
UG-33(d), using the appropriate value for R0.
From an assumed value for tN (2 mm), is calculated the value of factor A, using the following formula:
D0 / 2h0 = 504/(2 x 127) = 1.9842
Calculating K0 by interpolation in Table UG-33.1:
K0=0.8929
Outside radius of crowd portion of the head ..................................... R0=K0D0=: 450.0216 mm
⁄
From A value, the value of B can be obtained in the table HA-4, from ASME Code, Part II – D 2013 – Metric,
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )]
( ) ( )
where A1, A2, B1 and B2 are obtained from mentioned table.
From factor B, is calculated the value of Maximum Allowable External Working Pressure
( ⁄ )
Compare Pa with P. If Pa is smaller than P, select a larger value for t and repeat the design procedure until a
value for Pa is obtained that is equal to or greater than P.
As seem above, the determining of the thickness required is an iterative process, where we applied the
method of dichotomy, with the initial range of thickness of [0,4] ( values in mm).
After 4 iterations, we obtained an acceptable value for the thickness, where P a is slightly higher than the
external design pressure P. The steps are presented in the table and figure below.
Required thicknes / external pressure
Iteractions 1 2 3 4
Thickness t 4.00 mm 2.00 mm 1.00 mm 1.50 mm
Table HA-4 -
4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00

150°C
5.00E-03 6.86E+01 5.00E-03 6.86E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01

1.11E-03 50.97 5.56E-04 44.45 2.78E-04 25.18 4.17E-04 37.80
14
Iteractions 5 6 7 8
Thickness 1.25 mm 1.38 mm 1.31 mm 1.34 mm
Table HA-4 -
1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00

150°C
4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01

3.47E-04 31.49 3.82E-04 34.64 3.65E-04 33.06 3.73E-04 33.85
List 16 – COMPRESS output – design thickness for external pressure
Maximum Allowable External Pressure

The MAEP is can be observed above, in the step 2.
Pa = 197.52 kPa
List 17 – COMPRESS output – MAEP
In accordance to paragraph UG-33(a)(1)(-a), the thickness is obtained by the procedure given in UG-32 for
heads with pressure on the concave side (plus heads) using design pressure 1.67 times the design pressure on the
convex side, assuming a joint efficiency E=1.00 for all cases:
15
( ) ( )
( )
List 18 – COMPRESS output – check the external pressure per UG-33(a)(1)

Required thickness – internal pressure – 1-4(c) .......................................... t1-4c: 1,31 mm
Required thickness – external pressure – UG-33(e) ..............................tUG-33(e): 1.34 mm
Required thickness – external pressure – UG-33(a)(-1)...................... tUG-33(a)(1): 0.36 mm
Required thickness – greater between tUG-16, t1-4c, tUG-33(e) and tUG-33(a)(1) ...... treq: 1.50 mm
Minimal thickness after corrosion ...........................................tmin = treq + ci + ce: 1.50 mm
Required nominal thickness ........................................................ tminN = tmin + e: 2.00 mm
2.6.4 Forming strain verification UHA-44(a)(2) --- Table UG-79(1)

The paragraph UHA-44(a) from code requires the verification of forming strain for cold formed parts, produced
from austenitic alloys.
The required data for fiber elongation calculation are:
Nominal plate thickness ................................................................................. tN: 2.50 mm
Curvature mean radius......................Rf = 0.17DN + ½ tN = 0.17 x 500 + 2.50/2: 86.25 mm
Original plate mean radius ............................................................................Ro:  mm

The equation for formed heads is:
( ) ( )
The software output is compatible com calculation above.
List 19 – COMPRESS output – forming strain.
3 VESSEL 2
3.1 Design Pressure and Temperature
The adopted values for design temperature and pressure of Vessel 2 are:
 Design Pressure (external)....................................... : 0 kPa
 Design Pressure (internal) ........................................ : 1,000 kPa
16
 Design Temperature ................................................. : 150°C

 Minimal Design Temperature .................................... : -29°C
3.2 Properties of materials - ASME Section II, Part D - Metric

The materials stress data, used for design of analyzed elements were obtained from ASME Section II, Part D -
Metric, and are showing on the follow table.
Material Allowable Stress
(Mpa)
Dimensions
Specification Shape Table Page Line -30C a
(mm) 150°C
40°C
SA-240 TP304 Plate All 1A 94 8 138 130
SA-193 B8M 1 Bolts All 3 360 5 138 107
Table 5 – Materials specified by Equipar
The software COMPRESS Build 7400 uses the correct stress values in metric units, but the material
specification follow the English units description. Below, the material descriptions for each part.
List 20 – Material defined by COMPRESS.
Comparing the Table 5 with List 19, it is concluded that the software selected the correct materials.
The stress values aren’t explicitly showed in the list of inputs. These values will be shown in the verification
for each part.
3.3 Fluid properties

Fluid density – operating ................................................................................: 1,000 kg/m³
Fluid density - test ........................................................................................ T: 1,000 kg/m³
Acceleration of gravity .................................................................................... g: 9.807 m/s²
Note: The gravity acceleration value is given at sea level and latitude 45°.
17
3.4 Bottom head - toriconical
3.4.1 Dimension
The bottom head dimensions are related below:
Geometrical Data
Type .................................................................................................. Toriconical head (10%)
Axial length ....................................................................................................... 2,600.00 mm
Large end inner diameter .................................................................................. 3,000.00 mm
Small end inner diamenter ................................................................................ 700.00 mm
Knuckle radius ................................................................................................. 300.00 mm
Thin out due forming .......................................................................................e: 3.00 mm
Inner corrosion allowance .............................................................................. ci: 1.00 mm
Outer corrosion allowance ............................................................................ ce: 0.00 mm
Half-apex angle of cone or conical section
( ) ( )
√( )
( ) ( )
√( )
Liquid Head
Operating head at small end ........................................................................ HS: 4,000.00 mm
Operating head at large end ........................................................................ HS: 1,400.00 mm
Operating head at knuckle tangent .............................................................. HS: 1,524.35 mm
Vertical test head at small end ..................................................................... HS: 6,231.32 mm
Vertical test head at large end .................................................................... HS: 3,621.32 mm
Static Pressure
Operating static pressure at small end ..........................................................PS: 39.228 kPa
Operating static pressure at large end ..........................................................PS: 13.730 kPa
Operating static pressure at knuckle tangent ................................................PS: 14.949 kPa
Test static pressure at small end ..................................................................PS: 61.111 kPa
Test static pressure at large end ...................................................................PS: 35.514 kPa
List 21 – COMPRESS output – static liquid head.
The calculation results and software outputs are similar.

18
Welded Joints
Longitudinal joint............................................... Cat. A – Full Radiography- UW-11(a) Type 1
Shell x head junction ........................................ Cat. B – Full Radiography- UW-11(a) Type 1
3.4.2 Required Thickness

According paragraph UG-32(h), from ASME Code, section VIII, Division 1, the thickness calculation for
toriconical heads and sections under internal pressure is below.
Conical section
Small end
According UG-32(g), the required thickness at small end of conical section can be determined by:
( )
( ) ( )
List 22 – COMPRESS output – thickness of small end
The software only shows the result of thickness calculation at the small end.
Large end
According UG-32(g), the required thickness at large end of conical section can be determined by:
( ) ( )
Ug-32(g)
( )
( ) ( )
List 23 – COMPRESS output – design thickness at large end of cone.
19
Knuckle
( )
( √ ) ( √ )
List 24 – COMPRESS output – design thickness of knuckle.
3.4.3 Forming Strain

According to UHA-44(a)(2) the % forming strain is given by:
( ) ( )
List 25 – COMPRESS output – forming strain
3.4.4 Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads
Allowable compressive stress calculations

For the calculation of allowable compressive stress, the following procedure must be complied. The thickness
used te is the projection of t on the horizontal plane.
From te, the factor A can be calculated according to UG-23.
20
⁄
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )]
( ) ( )
For temperature interpolation, the following equation must be used.
( )
Where A1, A2, B1 and B2 are obtained from HA-1 table.

Below, the calculations results:
ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS CALCULATIONS
Hot and corroted Hot and new Cold and new Cold and corroted Vacuum and corroted
T t (mm) T T T T
t (mm) 13.66 t (mm) 13.66 t (mm) 12.75 t (mm) 12.75
(°C) 12.75 (°C) (°C) (°C) (°C)
A B (Mpa) A B (Mpa) A B (Mpa) A B (Mpa) A B (Mpa)
4.63E-04 4.48E+01 4.63E-04 4.48E+01 4.63E-04 4.48E+01 4.63E-04 4.48E+01 4.63E-04 4.48E+01
40 1.50E-03 7.31E+01 40 1.50E-03 7.31E+01 40 1.50E-03 7.31E+01 40 1.50E-03 7.31E+01 40 1.50E-03 7.31E+01
1.05E-03 6.31E+01 1.13E-03 6.49E+01 1.13E-03 6.49E+01 1.05E-03 6.31E+01 1.05E-03 6.31E+01
3.91E-04 3.45E+01 3.91E-04 3.45E+01 3.91E-04 3.45E+01
205 2.00E-03 5.65E+01 205 2.00E-03 5.65E+01 205 2.00E-03 5.65E+01
1.05E-03 4.66E+01 1.13E-03 4.75E+01 1.05E-03 4.66E+01
150 3.91E-04 52.07 150 3.91E-04 53.34 20
1.13E-03 64.95 20 1.05E-03 63.11 150 3.91E-04 52.07
S S S S S
130 130 130 138 138
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
ScHC ScHN ScCN ScCC ScVC
52.07 53.34 64.95 63.11 52.07
(Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Table 6 – Allowable compressive stress calcualtions
Thickness calculations
The required thickness consists of the following parts:
 Thickness due pressure, calculated using Ug-27(2) with KS factor for allowable stress:
( | |)
 The thickness due bending:
( )
 Thickness due weight, where W is weight above considered cross-section:
( )
Below, equations for thickness due tension and compression:
| |
21
Top seam thickness calculations
The following table shows the required thickness for top seam for various situations.
Required thickness - top seam
operating hot and Operating hot and Hot shut down, Hot shut down, Empty Empty
corroted new corroted new corroted new
P 1,000 kPa 1,000 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa
R 1,501 mm 1,500 mm 1,501 mm 1,500 mm 1,501 mm 1,500 mm
Ks 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ec 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Rm 1,506.5 mm 1,506.0 mm 1,506.5 mm 1,506.0 mm 1,506.5 mm 1,506.0 mm
W -19,997.80 N -20,103.60 N -19,997.80 N -20,103.60 N -1,985.40 N -2,121.10 N
tp 6.33 mm 6.33 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
tm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
tw -0.18 mm -0.18 mm -0.18 mm -0.18 mm -0.02 mm -0.02 mm
tt 6.51 mm 6.50 mm 0.18 mm 0.18 mm 0.02 mm 0.02 mm
tc 6.51 mm 6.50 mm 0.18 mm 0.18 mm 0.02 mm 0.02 mm
Table 7 – Required thickness due pressure + external loads for top seam
Bottom Seam thickness calculations

For the cone bottom seam (cone small end), the values for radius used for thickness calculations are shown in
table below:
Thickness profile at cone small end
wall thickness projection of
outer radius inner radius mean radius
(mm) thickness (r/cos α)
new 15 mm 16.4712 mm 366.4712 mm 350.0000 mm 358.2356 mm

corroted 14 mm 15.3731 mm 366.4712 mm 351.0981 mm 358.7846 mm
Table 8 – Thickness profile for the bottom seam cross-section
The following table shows the required thickness for bottom seam for various situations:
Required thickness - bottom seam
operating hot and Operating hot and Hot shut down, Hot shut down, Empty Empty
corroted new corroted new corroted new
P 1,000 kPa 1,000 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa 0 kPa
R 351 mm 350 mm 351 mm 350 mm 351 mm 350 mm
Ks 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ec 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Rm 358.8 mm 358.2 mm 358.8 mm 358.2 mm 358.8 mm 358.2 mm
W -1,658.70 N -1,655.50 N -1,658.70 N -1,655.50 N -114.30 N -117.40 N
tp 1.48 mm 1.48 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
tm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
tw -0.06 mm -0.06 mm -0.06 mm -0.06 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
tt 1.54 mm 1.54 mm 0.06 mm 0.06 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
tc 1.54 mm 1.54 mm 0.06 mm 0.06 mm 0.00 mm 0.00 mm
Table 9 – Required thickness due pressure + external loads for bottom seam
22
List 26 – COMPRESS output – Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads
Thickness Required Due to Pressure + External Loads

Allowable stress
before UG-23 Required Required
Condition Pressure stress increase Temp. Corrosion Location Load thickness due thickness due
tension compression
St Sc
Operating hot and Top Weight 6.51 6.51

1,000 130 52.07 150 1.00
corroted Bottom Weight 1.54 1.54
Operating, hot & Top Weight 6.51 6.51

1,000 130 53.34 150 0.00
new Bottom Weight 1.54 1.54
Hot shut down, Top Weight 0.18 0.18

0 130 52.07 150 1.00
corroted Bottom Weight 0.06 0.06
Hot shut down, Top Weight 0.18 0.18

0 130 53.34 150 0.00
new Bottom Weight 0.06 0.06
Top Weight 0.02 0.02
Empty corroted 0 138 63.11 20 1.00
Bottom Weight 0.00 0.00
Top Weight 0.02 0.02
Empt new 0 138 64.95 20 0.00
Bottom Weight 0.00 0.00
Table 10 – Required thickness due pressure + external loads results
3.4.5 Cone small end calculations per Appendix 1-5(e)(2), weight + pressure, corroded
Reinforced area
For small end of cone, the dead weight is the weight of flat cover.
To calculate the weight of the flat cover, is required the value of the density of their material, which is
obtained from the table PRD – located at page 791, from ASME Code, Section II, Part D, 2013 Edition.
23
List 27 – Table PRD - Poisson’s Ratio and Density of Materials
Dead load calculation (weight of flat cover)
List 28 – COMPRESS output – weight summary.
The axial load per unit circumference at small end is calculated bellow:
List 29 – COMPRESS output – axial load per unit circumference at small end.
Above, QS calculation:
24
List 30 – COMPRESS output – QS calculation
According to Appendix 1-5(e)(2), the required area of reinforcement at small end of cone can be
determined by:
List 31 – COMPRESS output – Ars calculation
And the effective area of reinforcement at small end Intersection is obtained bellow:
( )√
( )√
List 32 – COMPRESS output – Aes calculation
Condition – new
Dead load calculation (weight of flat cover)
25
List 33 – COMPRESS output – weight summary.
The axial load per unit circumference at small end is calculated bellow:
List 34 – COMPRESS output – axial load per unit circumference at small end.
Above, QS calculation:
List 35 – COMPRESS output – Qs calculation.
According to Appendix 1-5(e)(2), the required area of reinforcement at small end of cone can be
determined by:
26
List 36 – COMPRESS output – Ars calculation
And the effective area of reinforcement at small end Intersection is obtained bellow:
( )√
( )√
List 37 – COMPRESS output – Aes calculation
Results
Cone juncture small end calculator

according to Appendix 1-5(e)
f2 QS Ars Aes
Loading Status
(N/mm) (N/mm) (mm²) (mm²)
Weight
0.497422 182.933 224.116 801.089 OK
Corroded
Weight New 0.51165 182.3766 222.736 903.885 OK
Table 11 – Results
List 38 – COMPRESS output – summary of results
27
3.5 Nozzle
List 39 – COMPRESS print – nozzle inputs
Geometrical Data
Inner diameter (new) .................................................................................... DN: 700.00 mm
Nominal wall thickness .................................................................................... t: 10 mm
Projection available outside vessel .............................................................. Lpr: 535 mm
Inner corrosion allowance ............................................................................ ci: 1.00 mm
Outer corrosion allowance ............................................................................ ce: 0.00 mm
Reinforcement pad diameter ............................................................................ 1,020 mm
Local vessel minimum thickness ................................................................... tw: 15.00 mm
Longitudinal joint efficiency ........................................................................... E: 1.00 mm
Liquid Head
Operating head ............................................................................................ HS: 0.00 mm
Static Pressure
Operating static pressure ..............................................................................PS: 0.00 kPa
Vertical test static pressure ......................................................................... PTV: 0.9502 kPa
28
3.5.1 Reinforcement calculations for external pressure
Parallel Limit of reinforcement

According to UG-40(b) The limits of reinforcement, measured parallel to the vessel wall, shall be at a
distance, on each side of the axis of the opening, equal to the greater of the following:
[ ( ) ( )]
[ ( ) ( )]
Outer Normal Limit of reinforcement

According to UG-40(c), the limits of reinforcement, measured normal to the vessel wall, shall conform to the
contour of the surface at a distance from each surface equal to the smaller of the following:
[ ( ) ( ) ]
[ ( ) ( ) ]
Nozzle required thickness

According to UG-27(c)(1) , when the thickness does not exceed one-half of the inside radius, or P does not
exceed 0.385SE, the following formulas shall apply:
Required thickness per UG-37
( )
Required thickness tr per Interpretation VIII-1-07-50 is the same value is calculated above
Area required
According to UG-37(c), the total cross-sectional area of reinforcement A required in any given plane
through the opening for a shell or formed head under internal pressure shall be not less than:
Allowable stresses: Sn = 130, Sv = 130, Sp = 130 MPa
fr1 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr2 = lesser of 1 or Sn / Sv = 1
fr3 = lesser of fr2 or Sp / Sv = 1
fr4 = lesser of 1 or Sp / Sv = 1
( ) ( )
List 40 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – Area required
Area available
From figure UG-37.1, for nozzles with reinforced element added, the available area can be obtained by:
Area available in shell (larger than)

( ) ( )( )
29
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Area available in nozzle projection outward (smaller value)

( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
Cross-sectional area of various welds available for reinforcement fig UG-37.1

Area available in outward nozzle weld
( )
Area available in outer element weld
( )
Area available in element
( ) ( )
Area available
List 41 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – Area available
Available area is greater than required area. The reinforcement is adequate.
3.5.2 Weld Check

In accordance with UW-16(c)(2), for necks attached by a full penetration weld, some criteria must
be checked.
Inner fillet:
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
Outer fillet:
( ) ( )
( )
30
( )
( ) ( )
List 42 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – weld check
3.5.3 Nozzle Neck Thickness Check

According to UG-45, the minimum wall thickness of nozzle necks, which are not only used for
access, shall be determined as given below.
[ ] [ ]
[ ( )]
[ ]
The value of is obtained from table UG-45,for a nozzle nominal size greater than NPS 12.
[ ( )]
[ ]
[ ] [ ]
List 43 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – nozzle neck thickness check
31
3.5.4 Allowable stresses in joints
Allowable stresses
The allowable stress values for groove and fillet welds in percentages of stress values for the
vessel material, which are used with UG-41 calculations, are as follows:
For groove
For fillet
Nozzle wall in shear
3.5.5 Strength of welded joints:
Inner fillet weld in shear
List 44 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – inner filled weld in shear
Outer fillet weld in shear
List 45 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – outer fillet weld in shear
Nozzle wall in shear
( )
List 46 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – nozzle wall in shear
Groove weld in tension
32
List 47 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – groove weld in tension
Upper groove weld in tension
List 48 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – upper groove weld in tension
3.5.6 Loading on welds
According to UG-41, on each side of the plane defined in UG-40(a), the strength of the attachment joining
the vessel wall and reinforcement or any two parts of the attached reinforcement shall be at least equal to the
smaller of:
Total weld load

[ ( )]
[ ( )]
List 49 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – total weld load
Weld load for strength path 1-1

( )
( )
List 50 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – weld load for strength path 1-1
Weld load for strength path 2-2 per UG-41(b)(1)
33
( )
( )
Weld load for strength path 3-3 per UG-41(b)(1)

( )
( )
Load for path 1-1

[ ] [ ]
Path 1-1 though (2) & (3) = 1,020,609.21+914,688.84 = 1,935,298.05 N
Path 1-1 ≥ W. OK! UG-41(b)(2) satisfied.
List 53 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – load for path 1-1
Load for path 2-2

[ ] [ ]
Path 2-2 though (1), (4), (6) = 648,387.02+1,523,194.91+2,175,992.74= 4,347,574.67 N
Path 2-2 ≥ W2-2. OK! UG-41(b)(1) satisfied.
Load for path 3-3

[ ] [ ]
Path 3-3 through (2), (4) = 1,020,609.21+ 1,523,194.91 2,543,804.12 N
Path 3-3 ≥ W3-3. OK! UG-41(b)(2) satisfied.
34
List 56 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – UG-37 area calculation summary
3.5.7 Forming strain - UHA-44(a)(2)
( ) ( )
List 57 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – forming strain
35
3.6 Flange
List 58 – COMPRESS PRINT – flange general dimensions
Outside diameter of flange ............................................................................ A: 880.00 mm

Inside diameter of flange ............................................................................... B: 700 mm
Hub length ..................................................................................................... h: 20 mm
Neck thickness ............................................................................................. g0: 10 mm
Hub thickness .............................................................................................. g1: 22.86 mm
Bolt circle diameter ........................................................................................ C: 810 mm
Gasket width ................................................................................................. N: 10.00 mm
Gasket thickness ........................................................................................... T: 2.00 mm
Inside diameter of gasket ................................................................................ : 725.00 mm
Outside diameter of gasket ............................................................................. : 745.00 mm
Bolt circle diameter......................................................................................... C: 810 mm
Gasket material: ..................................................................................... mineral fiber (t=2 mm)
Gasket factor .................................................................................................m: 2
Minimum design seating stress: ...................................................................... y 17.24 MPa
Bolting .............................................................................................................. 20 x 20 mm
Flange thickness ............................................................................................ t: 45 mm
3.6.1 Flange calculations for Internal Pressure + Weight Only
The radial distance from bolt circle to point of intersection of hub and back of flange can be calculated by:
36
Bellow, the basic gasket seating width, from table 2-5.2
Effective gasket or joint contact surface seating width>
Diameter at location of gasket load reaction.
When bo ≤ 1/4 in. (6 mm), G = mean diameter of gasket contact face

( ) ( )
Radial distance from gasket load reaction to the bolt circle
Radial distance from the bolt circle
Difference between total hydrostatic end force and the hydrostatic end force on area inside of flange
Flange loads
Total joint contact surface compression load
Total hydrostatic end force
Hydrostatic end force on area inside of flange
Difference between total hydrostatic end force and the hydrostatic end force on area inside of flange
Minimum required bolt load for the operating conditions
Minimum required bolt load for gasket seating
37
List 59 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – flange loads
3.6.2 Required bolt area
Total cross-sectional area of bolts at root of thread or section of least diameter under stress, required for
the operating conditions:
Total cross-sectional area of bolts at root of thread or section of least diameter under stress, required for
gasket seating:
Total required cross-sectional area of bolts

[ ]
List 60 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – required bolt area
Cross-sectional area of the bolts using the root diameter of the thread or least diameter of unthreaded
position
( ) ( )
Flange design bolt load, for the operating conditions or gasket seating,
( ) ( )
List 61 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – available bolt area
Component of moment due to HD,

MD = HDhD = 386,851.14 x 0.04307=16,661.68 Nm
Component of moment due to HT

MT = HThT = 7.225.49 x 0.04575 = 1,703.066 Nm
38
Gasket load (difference between flange design bolt load and total hydrostatic end force)
HG = Wm1-H = 470,234.63 – 424,076.3 = 46,158.33 Nm
Component of moment due to HG,

MG = HGhG = 46,158.33 x 000375 = 1,730.94 Nm
Total moment acting upon the flange, for the operating conditions or gasket seating as may apply 2-6
Mo = MD + MT + MG = 16,661.68 + 1,703.066 + 1,730.94 = 20,095.69 Nm
Mg=WhG = 572,115.77 x 0.0375 = 21,454.34 Nm
List 62 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – flange moment calculations
3.6.3 Stresses at operating conditions
The stresses in the flange can be determined by appendix 2-7

√ √
From Figure 2-7.6, the f value is obtained f = 3.40
39
From Figure 2-7.2, the f value is obtained F = 0.8825
40
For integral flanges, fator “e” can be calculated by equation:
The ratio of outside diameter of flange to inside diameter of flange
⁄
From fig 2-7-1, equations for factors T and U:
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
From Figure 2-7.3, the f value is obtained V = 0.3
41
Factor “d” and “L” calculation
Longitudinal hub stress
List 63 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – longitudinal hub stress
Radial flange stress

( ) ( )
42
List 64 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – radial flange stress
Tangential flange stress

From fig 2-7-1, equations for factors Y and Z:
* +
* +
List 65 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – tangential flange stress
Allowable stress Sfo = 130 MPa

Allowable stress Sno = 130 MPa
ST does not exceed Sfo

SH does not exceed Min[ 1.5*Sfo, 1.5*Sno ] = 195 MPa
SR does not exceed Sfo
0.5(SH + SR) = 90.87 MPa does not exceed Sfo
0.5(SH + ST) = 101.581 MPa does not exceed Sfo
3.6.4 Flange rigidity at operating per VIII-1 Appendix 2-14
Rigidity index for integral type flanges

E=Modulus of Elaticity
KI = 0.3
The flange rigidity index J does not exceed 1; satisfactory.
3.6.5 Stresses at gasket seating
According to appendix 2-7, the stresses at gasket seating can be obtained by:
43
( ) ( )
List 66 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – stresses at gasket seating
Allowable stress Sfa = 138 MPa

Allowable stress Sna = 138 MPa
ST does not exceed Sfa
SH does not exceed Min[ 1.5*Sfa, 1.5*Sna ] = 207 MPa
SR does not exceed Sfa
0.5(SH + SR) = 100.203 MPa does not exceed Sfa
0.5(SH + ST) = 112.015 MPa does not exceed Sfa
3.6.6 Flange rigidity at gasket seating
According to appendix 2-4, flange rigidity can be calculated by:
List 67 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – flange rigidity at gasket seating
44

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MECHANICAL CALCULATION SHEET

REV DESCRIPTION AND/OR CHANGED SHEETS

REV. 00 REV. 01 REV. 02 REV. 03 REV. 04 REV. 05 REV. 06 REV. 07 REV. 08

LIST 57 – COMPRESS OUTPUT – FORMING STRAIN .................................................................................................................. 35

1 Verification of software COMPRESS Build 7400

a) Top head – torispherical 10%

2.2 Properties of materials - ASME Section II, Part D - Metric

SA-193 B8M Bolts All 3 360 5 130 107

Table 1 – Materials specified by Equipar

2.3 Fluid properties

2.4 F&D Head

List 2 – COMPRESS output – Static liquid head.

The calculation results and software outputs are similar.

2.4.3 Required thickness calculation

List 3 – COMPRESS output – Design thickness for internal pressure.

Maximum allowable working pressure

List 4 – COMPRESS output – MAWP.

Required thicknes - external pressure

4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00

5.00E-03 6.86E+01 5.00E-03 6.86E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01

List 6 – COMPRESS output – Check thickness - external pressure

Required thickness – UG-16(b) ................................................................ tUG-16: 1.50 mm

Maximum Allowable External Pressure

List 7 – COMPRESS output – MAEP.

2.4.4 Forming strain verification UHA-44(a)(2) --- Table UG-79(1)

The software output is compatible com calculation above.

List 8 – COMPRESS output – forming strain

2.5 Cylindrical Shell

List 9 - COMPRESS output – static pressure

2.5.2 Required Thickness Calculation

Below, the output of the software.

List 10- COMPRESS output – design thickness

D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A

MAEP Pa 707.98 kPa Pa 125.88 kPa Pa 22.52 0 Pa 54.08 kPa

D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A D0/t L/D0 A

1.53E-05 1.38 1.53E-05 1.38 1 1.53E-05 1.38

MAEP Pa 91.9881 kPa Pa 108.9357 kPa Pa 100.4617 kPa

Table 3 – Iterations for calculating the required thickness

Below, the Compress output.

List 11 – COMPRESS output – minimal thickness calculation.

The required thickness for shell plates are defined below:

Required thickness – UG-16(b) ................................................................ tUG-16: 1.50 mm

2.5.3 Forming strain verification

The equation for cylindrical elements is:

List 12 – COMPRESS output – fiber elongation.

2.5.4 Verification of stress during test

Thus, the stress value can be obtained:

Thus, the stress value can be obtained:

List 13 – COMPRESS output - Maximum stress during test

2.6 Bottom Head

Static pressure due liquid head

Shell x head junction .................................. Cat. B – Without Radiography- UW-11(c) Type 1

2.6.3 Minimal thickness calculation

List 14 – COMPRESS output – design thickness for internal pressure

Maximum allowable working pressure

4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00

5.00E-03 6.86E+01 5.00E-03 6.86E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01

1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00 1.53E-05 1.38E+00

4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01 4.75E-04 4.31E+01

List 16 – COMPRESS output – design thickness for external pressure

Maximum Allowable External Pressure

List 17 – COMPRESS output – MAEP

List 18 – COMPRESS output – check the external pressure per UG-33(a)(1)