Human Growth & Development

APGAR Scoring
0 1 2
Appearance blue, pale limbs blue all pink
Pulse absent <100 >100  Reflexes
(N) 120-140 bpm  Primitive / Spinal
Grimace NR grimace cry
ONSET END STIMULUS REACTION
Activity limp slight flexion spontaneous
Flexor 28 wkGA 1-2 mo noxious sole of foot mass V ipsi LE
Respiration absent slow irregular cry
Withdrawal
(N) 35-50 cpm
Crossed 28 wkGA 1-2 mo noxious ball of foot mass V contra LE with /
 Good prognosis 7-10 Extensor
 Impending respiratory arrest 5-6 Traction 28 wkGA 2-5 mo pull (B) UE mass V (B) UE
 Needing ventilatory support <5 Moro 28 wkGA 5-6 mo sudden neck / abd & add of limbs, cry
Startle 28 wkGA Persist loud noise abd & add of limbs, cry
Development Grasp Palmar Birth 4-6 mo maintained P° mass V fingers
Plantar 28 wkGA 9 mo palm toes
 Developmental Scales foot(ball)
Rooting Birth 3 mo stroking of lips ipsi mouth deviation
AGE PURPOSE
Denver 0 - 6 yr Deviations from normal development
Bayley 0 - 2.5 yr Mental & motor scales  Tonic / Brainstem
Gessell 1 mo - 6 yr Current developmental level ONSET END STIMULUS REACTION
Positive Supporting Birth 6 mo wt bearing (B) feet mass / (B) LE
 Cognitive Development ATNR Birth 4-6 mo neck rot skull side V,
 Piaget Stages face side /
AGE DESCRIPTION STNR 4-6 mo 8-12 mo neck V UE V, LE /
Sensorimotor 0-2 motor reflexes, object permanence / UE /, LE V
Preoperational 2-7 language formation, symbolic play TLR Birth 6 mo supine prone flexor tone
extensor tone
Concrete operational 7-11 similarities/ differences, basic logic
Associated Birth-3mo 8-9 Voluntary contra
Formal operational >11 abstract thinking
Reactions contraction involuntary
mov’t
 IQ Scoring
 >130 genius  Midbrain / Cortical
 120-129 superior ONSET END STIMULUS REACTION
 110-119 above average Equilibrium prone: 6 mo Persist push px ipsi abd & / of
 90-109 average reactions supine/sit: 7-8 mo limbs
 80-89 below average quadruped: 9-12 mo
 70-79 borderline stand: 18-21 mo
 50-69 mild MR NOB 4-6 mo 5 y/o neck rot body follows
BOB 4-6 mo 5 y/o body segment other segments
 35-49 moderate MR
rot follow
 20-34 severe MR BOH Birth-2 mo 5 y/o supine head V
 10-19 profound MR prone head /
Righting Birth-2 mo Persist change in head orientation
 Intellect Scales posture to vertical
AGE SCOPE Optic w/ vision
Stanford-Binet 2 yr-adult Mental age & IQ Labyrinthine w/o vision
Weschler 3-16 yr Verbal, performance, full scale scores Protective / sit: 4-6 mo Persist push px contra abd & / of
Kaufman 2 ½ -12 yr Innate mental processes or Parachute stand: 6-9 mo limbs
forward: 5-6 mo
Peabody 2 ½ -18 yr Language test, for people with speech &
side: 6-7 mo
motor impairments
back: 9-10 mo
Wide –Range Kindergarten-12th Reading, spelling & arithmetic
Achievement Test grade

 Emotional Development
 Erickson Stages
Range Age Group
Trust vs. Mistrust 0-1 infancy
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt 1-3 early childhood
Initiative vs. Guilt 3-5 preschool
Industry vs. Inferiority 6-11 school age
Identity vs. Identity Confusion 11-20 puberty
Intimacy vs. Isolation 20-40 young adulthood
Generativity vs. Stagnation 40-65 middle adulthood
Integrity vs. Despair >65 late adulthood