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Lecture Handouts
St. Luke’s College of Nursing
SY. 2017 - 2018
Demography
The statistical science of Population
C__________
– Characteristics of the Population
e.g. age, sex, marital status,
income, occupation, religion
D__________
– Geographic location
e.g. Rural or urban setting
Population Composition
Sex Composition
Sex Ratio
Sex Structure
Age Composition
Median Age
Dependency Ratio
Broader base
and its sides Broad base Narrow base
bow in much and gently Beehive and sharp
more sharply sloping sides Bell-shaped shaped middle sides
- High Birth - High Birth - Low Death - Low Birth - Rapid
rate rate rate rate decline in
- Decreasing - High Death - More elderly - Low Death fertility
Median age rate people rate - Low Death
- Shorter Life - Low Median - High Median rate
expectancy Age Age
- High - Longer Life
Dependency expectancy
Ratio
Other Population Composition
Life expectancy at Birth
Average number of years an infant is expected to live
under the mortality conditions for a given year
Marital Status
Religious composition
Educational Attainment
Economic Characteristics
Occupation
Income
Population Distribution
Lecture Handouts
St. Luke’s College of Nursing
SY. 2017 - 2018
Measures of Frequency
Table 1. Deaths from cholera in the districts of London supplied by the
Southwark and Vauxhall and the Lambeth Companies, July 9 to August 26,
1854
Water Supply Number (%) of Population Death Rate for
Company Deaths from (1851) Cholera per
Cholera 1,000 Population
Southwark 844 (5%) 16,654 5.0
and Vauxhall
Lambeth 18 (0.09%) 19,133 0.9
Source: CDC, Principles of Epidemiology, 2nd Ed.
a a
a+b
a a
b k
where:
a = no. of occurrence or people w/ the characteristic of interest
b = another set of occurrence or people apart from set a
k = denominator with the element of time
Count
where:
a = no. of occurrence or people w/ the characteristic of interest
b = another set of occurrence or people apart from set a
Ratio
Age
Dependency
Ratio
Rate
where:
a = no. of occurrence or people w/ the characteristic of interest
b = another set of occurrence or people apart from set a
k = denominator with the element of time
Rate
Type of Rates:
Crude Rate
Denominator = Total Population
Specific Rate
Denominator = Subgroup of the population
where:
a = no. of occurrence or people w/ the characteristic of interest
b = another set of occurrence or people apart from set a
Proportion
20 or 20 =
20 + 30 50
Is numerator included in
the denominator?
YES
Is time included in
denominator?
YES NO NO
MEASURE: R_ _ _ P_ _ _ _ _ R_ _ _
Health Indicators
F = any factor
by 10’s
Cause-of-Death Rate
Mortality rate from specific disease or condition
e.g.
n = 12 Time = Today
3
x 100 =
12
e.g.
n=9 observation period = 1 month
4 x 100 =
9
Occupancy Rate
Inpatient Days of Care
Bed Days Available
where:
Inpatient Days of Care - Sum of each daily inpatient census for
the year. To arrive at this total, you would simply add together
each daily census for the 365 days in the year.