MALLARE, Cindy Gayle M.

ES – 31 Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

Laboratory Exercise

1. The pressure gage on a 2.5 m3 oxygen tank reads 500 kPa. Determine the amount of
oxygen in the tank if the temperature is 28°C and the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.
Given: V = 2.5 m3 Req’d: moxygen
Pgage = 500 kPa
T = 28°C + 273 = 301 K
Patm = 97 kPa

Solution:
Pabs = Pgage + Patm
= 500 kPa + 97 kPa
= 597 kPa

PV = mRT

PV 597 kPa (2.5m3 )

m= = kJ = 19.086 kg
RT 0.2598 kg−K(301 K)

2. A 400-L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25°C. Determine the reading on the
pressure gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.
1 m3
Given: V = 400 L x = 0.4 m3 Req’d: Pgage
1000 L
mair = 5 kg
T = 25°C + 273 = 298 K
R = 0.287 kPa.m3/kg.K
Patm = 97 kPa

Solution:
PV = mRT
kPa.m3
mRT 5 kg (0.287 kJ−K )(298)
Patm = = = 1069.075 kPa
V 0.4 m3

Pgage = Pabs - Patm

= 1069.075 kPa – 97 kPa = 972.075 kPa
3. A 1-m3 tank containing air at 25°C and 500 kPa is connected through a valve to
another tank containing 5 kg of air at 35°C and 200 kPa. Now the valve is opened, and
the entire system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the surroundings, which
are at 20°C. Determine the volume of the second tank and the final equilibrium pressure
of air.
Given: tank A tank B Req’d: Vtank b
Vtank = 1 m3 Vair = 5 kg Air final equilibrium pressure
T = 25 °C +273 = 298 K T = 35 °C + 273 = 308 K
P = 500 kPa P = 200 kPa
surrounding T = 20°C + 273 = 293 K

Solution:
 tank A
Pa Va 500 kPa (1 m3 )
ma = = kJ = 5.846 kg
RTa 0.287kmol−K (298 K)

 tank B
kJ
mbRTb 5 kg ( 0.287kmol−K) (308 K)
Vb = = = 2.21 m3
Pb 200 kPa
 VT = Va + Vb = 1 m3 + 2.21 m3 = 3.21 m3
 mT = ma + mb = 5.846 kg + 5 kg = 10.846 kg
kJ
mRT 10.846 kg (0.287kmol−K)(293 K)
 P= = = 284.13 kPa
V 3.21 m3
4. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the tire.
When the air temperature is 25°C, the pressure gage reads 210 kPa. If the volume of the
tire is 0.025 m3, determine the pressure rise in the tire when the air temperature in the
entire tire rises to 50°C. Also determine the amount of air that must be bled off to
restore pressure to its original value at this temperature. Assume the atmospheric
pressure is 100kPa.
Given: Vtire = 0.025 m3 Req’d: Prise (∆P)
Pgage = 210 kPa mair (∆m)
T1 = 25°C + 273 = 301 K
T2 = 50°C + 273 = 323 K
Patm = 97 kPa

Solution:
P1 = Pgage = + Patm = 210 kPa + 100 kPa = 310 kPa
P1 V1 P2 V2
=
T1 T2
V = k;
T2 323 K
P2 = P1 = (210 kPa) = 336 kPa
T1 298 K
∆P = P2 - P1 = 336kPa - 310 kPa = 26 kPa

P1 V 310 kPa (0.025 m3 )

m1 = = kJ 1kPa.m3
= 0.0906 kg
RT1 0.287kg−K ( )(298 K)
1kJ
P2 V 310 kPa (0.025 m3 )
m2 = = kJ 1kPa.m3
= 0.0836 kg
RT2 0.287kg−K ( )(323 K)
1kJ

∆m = m1 – m2 = 0.0906 kg - 0.0836 kg = 0.0070 kg