TOPIC LIST

• Introduction / Building Description

• Structural Design Criteria
• Applicable Codes
• Development of Design Criteria
• Seismic Parameter and Selection of Seismic Lateral Frame System
• Other Loads and Load Cases

• Foundation and Column Base Design

• Analysis and Design of Special Concentrically Braced Frame
• Selection of Bracing Layout
• Sizing of Braces
• Sizing of Columns
• Sizing of Beams
• Check of Story Drift
• Connection Design
 Introduction and Building Description
• This presentation will illustrate the structural analysis and design of
GDS Building using Special Concentrically Braced Frame (SCBF)
• The building is a five-storey commercial building with 1 basement floor
of rectangular plan configuration of 25.0m long and 12.0m wide

• The building has a steel roof and the floor consists of 100 mm thick
concrete over a metal decking

• The storey height of the basement is 3.20m while the first floor level
has a storey height of 3.50m. The second floor to fifth floor level has a
typical storey height of 3.10m
• The roof eaves height of the building is 20m above natural ground
level.
Structural Design Criteria Very old code
• Applicable Codes
• Governing local code is the National
Structural Code of The
Philippines 2010 (NSCP 2010) 6th Edition Volume 1 developed by
the Association of the Structural Engineers of the Philippines

• The reference code of NSCP 2010 are the following codes of the United
States of America:

• Steel Frame Design – AISC 360/340-2005, Specification for Structural

Steel Buildings by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC).
• Building Loads– ASCE/SEI 7-2005, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
Other Structures by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and
Structural Engineer Institute (SEI).

• Earthquake Load– UBC 1997, Uniform Building Code by International

Conference of Building Officials
Design Criteria Development
• The requirement of the project is to use the latest applicable codes to
attain the most economical design that can withstand the building
loading requirements and all the expected natural phenomena that
the building will encounter.
• The minimum design loads from the Philippine Building Code (NSCP
2010) will be used.
• During the design development stage, it has been found out that the
forces from earthquake will be much larger than the forces from
typhoon.
• Therefore, it is important to use both the latest applicable
international and local seismic provision.
PROBLEM : NSCP 2010 (Local Building Code of
Philippines) is still based on the very old code
UBC 1997.
Seismic Parameters Development
• The most important seismic parameter of the latest international
seismic code is the Spectral Acceleration (SA) values.
• Philippines cannot adopt the latest international seismic code on its
local building code because the Spectral Acceleration (SA) map for the
Philippines are not yet developed by the PHILVOLCS (Philippine Institute
of Volcanic and Seismology).
• Fortunately for this project, SA values on Clark Air Base is available on
the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) developed by the structural
engineering department of the Department of Defense of United States
of the America, therefore the latest seismic code can be
adopted for this project
• The seismic parameters acquired from UFC are the following :
• Peak Ground Acceleration, PGA (%g) = 64
• Spectral Response Acceleration at a short period, Ss (%g) = 167
• Spectral Response Acceleration at a period of 1 s, S1 (%g) = 79
Seismic Parameters Development (Cont..)
• Spectral Acceleration Values Reference :
Selection of Seismic Lateral Frame System
• NSCP 2010 does not permit the use of ordinary steel framing system
for Pampanga and other areas included in the Zone 4, hence only
allowing special steel framing system to resist the seismic loads

• The following are examples of special steel framing system which are allowed for Zone 4:
• Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF)
• Very Good performance during strong earthquake but will result to bigger column and beam sections in order
to satisfy story drift requirement.
• Buckling Restrained Braced Frames (BRBF)
• Will offer cost and performance advantages for buildings but will require highly experienced
fabricators.
• Special Concentrically Braced Frames (SCBF)
• Special class of braced frames that are proportioned and detailed in order to have good performance
during strong earthquake.

SCBF is selected for this project because it is more cost effective and requires
simpler details in comparison with the other special frame systems.
Seismic Parameters
• Reference CODE : ASCE/SEI 7 - 2010
• SDS = 1.1, Design Spectral Acceleration at short period
• SD1 = 0.79, Design Spectral Acceleration at 1 s period
• R = 6.0, Response Modification Factor for SCBF
• I = 1.0, Importance Factor for a commercial building
• T = 0.62 sec, fundamental period of the structure

• Ca = 0.186W, Seismic Design Coefficient, W = seismic weight

 Spectral Response Graph Fundamental Period of
Seismic Coefficient = Building (0.62 sec.)
0.186 0.200

0.180
Spectral Response Acceleration, Sa (g)

0.160

0.140

0.120

0.100

0.080 "RS Graph"

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000
0.0 0.06 0.12 0.142 0.43 0.710 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.6

Period, T (sec)

Acceleration Graph Inputted in Analysis Software

(This graph is applicable for SCBF with importance factor of 1.0)