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Essay on Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)

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Contents
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH).......................................................................................................................3

Personal life.................................................................................................................................................3

His teachings................................................................................................................................................7

On conduct..............................................................................................................................................7

On Forgiveness, Kindness and Mercy......................................................................................................8

On Generosity..........................................................................................................................................9

Powerful sermon.....................................................................................................................................9

Ramadan................................................................................................................................................10
Asalaamu Alaikum (Greetings of Peace upon you).

Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)

The name evokes respect, admiration for the man who was chosen by Allah to spread his message of
peace. Gabriel was sent to confer the knowledge to Prophet.

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) entered the earth at a time when almost the entire world had forsaken
the path of piety, righteousness and truth. He came during the era of darkness and ignorance.
Superstitions and multiplicity of conflicting beliefs and inhumane practices shaped the lives of men and
women. To enlighten the world with Allah’s word and divinely-inspired teachings, Allah sent Prophet
Muhammad Allah’s choice of Prophet Muhammad an unlettered man, signifies that the Prophet is not
the author of the Holy Qur’an.

Indeed, the Qur’an could never be the creation of human mind, but could only emanate from the only
True God, Allah To preserve Allah’s Word, the Prophet not only shared with his followers every
Revelation he received from Allah through the Archangel Gabriel but also ordered his learned
companions to commit it to writing.

During his time, many of his Companions memorized the whole text of the Holy Qur’an, which was
already recorded then. When the Prophet died, Abu Bakr (r.a.) (Radhiallahu anha, meaning: May
Allah be pleased with him) who was the first rightly guided Caliph kept a complete copy of the Holy
Qur’an. Under the leadership of Uthman, the third rightly guided caliph, the reproduction of the Holy
Qur’an started.

Before moving ahead to learn the teachings of the Prophet, I would like to mention the notable
characteristics which make Prophet the chosen one. It is often told that one must be a good practitioner
to be a noble teacher.

Why is it that the Prophet was chosen by Allah to imbibe his values in other? A retrospective view of the
life of Prophet would definitely help us understand that. Prophet was a man with purity within. His
actions spoke louder than his words. His character molded peace within others.

Personal life
If Prophet did not possess the eternal qualities of being a messiah then he would not have married the
twice-widowed Khadijah, 46 years old, at the youthful age of 25. Prophet Muhammad lived together
with his first (and, at that time, only) wife, Khadijah, happily for 26 years with great mutual affection.

Prophet was married to several other women for the reason as follows:

After the death of his first wife, Khadijah, he married up to twelve wives in this order:-

(1) Sawdah
(2) `A'ishah
(3) Umm-Salamah
(4) Hafsah
(5) Zaynab bind-Khuzaymah
(6) Zaynab bint-Jahsh
(7) Umm-Habibah (Ramla)
( 8) Maymunah
(9) Zaynab bint-`Umais
(10) Juwayriyah
(11) Safiyah
(12) Khawlah bint-Hakim

But each of the marriage had a reason behind it. It is as follows

(1) For the sake of caring for the orphans and looking after the poor widows. These were some Muslim
women who had earlier enjoyed high dignity in the Arab society.

But on the death of their husbands, their status and even faith were in jeopardy, because their tribal
chiefs would take them back and compel them to renounce Islam, thus converting them back to
polytheism.

For example, Sawdah had migrated to Abys- sinia where her husband died, and she became absolutely
without helper. It was the time when the Prophet had lost Khadijah, his first wife; so he married Sawdah.

Likewise, Zaynab daughter of Khuzaymah, was an old-aged widow, who after the death of her husband
was inflicted with poverty, despite her being amiable and being known as 'Ummul-Masa- kin ( Mother of
the poor).

The Prophet married her to uphold her dignity and she died of old age only after two years of that
marriage.

For the sake of enacting a new law and eradicating injustice by the ignorant tribes. For example, Zaynab
bint-Jahsh was the daughter of the Prophet's aunt.

She was married, at the recommendation of the Prophet, to Zayd ibn-Harithah, the freed slave and
adopted son of the Prophet.

This marriage was contracted to eradicate the discrimination against slaves and poor and to emphasize
the Islamic equality and brotherhood, as Zai nab was from the family of `Abd al-Muttalib, the
grandfather of the Holy Prophet and the Chief of Quraysh, whereas Zayd was a slave who was freed by
the Prophet.

Unfortunately, Zaynab due to her family pride, did not get along well with Zayd despite Prophet's
persuations. The rift between the two culminated into divorce.

Meanwhile, the system of adoption of children was expressly forbidden by Allah. So, when Zayd
divorced Zaynab, the Prophet of Islam at the express command of God, married Zaynab; and, thus, put
an end to the then prevalent belief that adopted sons were like real sons and that wives or widows of
adopted sons were like daughters-in-laws.
For the sake of freeing prisoners and slaves. For example, 'Juwayriyah' was from a prominent tribe of
Banul-Mustalaq. In a war against Islam this tribe was defeated; and Juwayriyah, the daughter of their
Chief, was held in captivity.

The Prophet married her to set an example of protection and good treatment to prisoners of war. On
seeing that the prisoners had become relatives of the Holy Prophet by marriage, the Muslims released
all the prisoners of war held by them. According to Ibne Hisham, over one hundred families of Banul-
Mustalaq were freed from captivity as a result of this marriage.

For the sake of uniting some prominent Arab tribes who often were at loggerheads with each other and
to safeguard the internal political status of Islam.

The Prophet married `Aishah daughter of Abu Bakr from the tribe of Bani Tim, Hafsah daughter of
`Umar ibn AI-Khattab from the tribe of Adi, Umm-Habibah daughter of Abu Sufyan from the tribe of
Umayyah, Safiyah daughter of Huaiy bin Akhtab of the Jewish tribe of Bani an-Nadir, and Maymunah
from the tribe of Bani Makhzum.

Umm-Habibah (i.e. Ramla) was daughter of Abu Sufyan of Bani Umayyah who was the bitte- rest
enemy of the Prophet and had repeatedly fought against him.

She, as a Muslim, was in great distress since she was divorced from her ex-husband.

Seeing her deprived of every help from parent and divorced from husband, the Prophet married her in
sympathy. This marriage also gave a chance to the people of Bani Umayyah to soften their hearts for
Islam.

Safiyah was widowed daughter of Huaiy bin Akhtab, one of the chiefs of Jewish tribe of Bani an-Nadir.

When the prisoners of this tribe were released by the Muslims, the Prophet married her in order to
safeguard her status; and, thus, also linking himself with one of the great Jewish tribes of that time, and
paving the way for , them to come nearer to Islam.

Maymdnah was 51 years of age and from a prominent tribe of Bani Makhzum whom the Prophet
married in the year 7 after Hijrah. The above marital history of the Prophet clearly shows the noble aim
and objectives for which he married a number of wives.

Also, it is important to remember that all of these marriages, except that with `Aishah, were contracted
with women who were widowed not only once, but often twice or thrice.
As an eyewitness of the state of affair of the human society at the antediluvian time, Imam Ali says:

"Allah sent Muhammad some time after the other messengers, and after the nations of the world had
been slumbering for a long time. Strife had become entrenched, affairs disparate, and wars raging. The
light of the world had become obscured, and vanities had become foremost. The leaves of life had then
become yellow, its fruits rare, and its water dried up. The lighthouse of guidance had crumbled, and the
signs of ruin had become manifest. The world scowled upon its people, frowned in the face of those who
sought after it. Strife was the only fruit, carrion the only food, fear the only motto, the sword the only
clothing."

The Prophet was extremely humble, a man who mended his own sandals, patched his clothes, milked his
she-camel, served his family lovingly. He loved the poor and the indigent, sat with them, visited their
sick, and never insulted anyone who fell into poverty on account of his poverty nor venerated anyone
wealthy on account of his wealth. He always accepted another's excuse, never dealt with anyone in a
way which the latter did not like, walked with widows and with slaves, never feared kings nor rulers, and
never despised the weak. He always walked behind his companions saying, "Let me turn my back only to
the angels" and sometimes walked in their midst.

He always responded to whoever invited him, accepted any present, even if it were a trotter meal, and
he rewarded the giver. He would only become angry with regards to the breaches of the commands of
his Lord but never for himself. He was easygoing, lenient, neither harsh nor rough

Nobody feared evil coming from him, but everyone expected good to come from him. One of his
servants has narrated saying, "I was in the service of the Messenger of Allah for ten years. Never did he
ever complain to me, nor did he ever ask me why I did or did not do this or that."

It was his habit to respond to those who called upon him with the very best of response. Whoever called
him, he would respond with the words "At your service"

Jurayr ibn Abdullah is quoted as having said, "The Messenger of Allah never put a barrier before me
since I accepted Islam. Whenever he saw me, he smiled. He used to joke with his companions, socialize
with them, talk with them, tease their children and seat them in his lap, and he used to respond to
anyone who invited him, visit the sick even if they lived in distant parts of the city, accept everyone's
apology and never put himself above anyone, including his servants, be it with regard to what he ate or
wore."

He used to ride the camel, the mare or the mule, and used to tie a stone on his stomach on account of
the pangs of hunger. He always initiated whoever he met with his greeting of peace, prolonged his
prayers whenever he prayed alone, but whenever he led others in the congregational prayers, he
shortened it out of his concern for the convenience of those whom he led. He used to make his sermons
on Fridays and on other occasions brief so that the people would not be bored. He used to be a friend of
men of dignity, dealing generously with those of distinction, being humorous and never saying anything
but the truth. Whenever he was assaulted and exposed to hardships because of the ignorant people, he
used to say, "Lord! I plead to You to guide my people, for they do not know." He did not invoke the
Almighty's wrath against them. When his molar teeth were broken and he was wounded in the face, it
was extremely hard for his companions to see him in that state, so they said, "O Messenger of Allah!
Why don't you pray against them?" he said, "I was not sent to curse; rather, I was sent as a Caller [of
people to God] and as a Mercy. Lord! I plead to You to guide my people, for they do not know!"
Thus, he did not content himself by simply remaining silent while facing their mischief but forgave them,
demonstrated compassion towards them, prayed for them and sought an excuse for them when he said
that they did not know any better, just like a kind and compassionate father.

Constante Vergil Giorgio in his book entitled: "Muhammad - a Prophet to Be Acquainted with Afresh"
remarks: "Although he was unschooled, the early verses sent down to him spoke of the pen and
knowledge; namely of writing, putting into writing, learning, and of teaching. In no other major religion
has knowledge been so extensively appreciated, and no other religion can be found in which such an
importance has been attached to knowledge, at its initial stage of development. Had Muhammad been a
scholar, no surprise would be caused at the verses having been sent down into the Ghar Hira' (Hira'
Cave), since a scholar appreciates knowledge, but the Prophet was neither schooled nor tutored. I
congratulate the Muslims on their religion having so dearly regarded, at its inception, the acquisition of
knowledge".

Now that much has been said about the Messiah, Prophet Mohammed (PBUH), a light on his teachings
which will help us get closer to oneness and brotherhood.

His teachings
On conduct
He said: 'Conducts are gifts from Almighty God. If God loves one of his servants He will give to him fine
morals and conducts, but if he dislikes one of His servants he will give him foul manners.' Commenting
on the outcome of one's conducts and ethics the Prophet declared: 'Adopt fine ethics, for it is inevitable
that good morals will end up in Paradise. Avoid bad conducts for it is inevitable that bad ethics will end
up in Hellfire.'

He said: 'With good ethics and conduct, a person will reach the greatest of degrees and the noblest of
stations in the Afterlife even if his worship was somewhat weak.'

He then said: 'With foul conduct and behaviour a person will reach the lowest reaches of Hell.'1 In the
now famous and well known speech of Prophet Muhammad that summarizes his entire mission and puts
it in perspective, he declared: 'Verily, I have been sent to perfect the finest of morals.'

Once he was told: 'There is a woman who fasts all day and keeps vigil at night but she is ill mannered and
annoys her neighbors.' He said: 'There is nothing good about her, she is destined for Hellfire.'

It is believed that Prophet was a man who welcolmed thoughts with open arms. He silted the bad
thoughts from a a person.

On conduct, it would be apt to speak about dressing where in it is told that one must dress modestly.
The body should be covered such that ill feelings are not invigorated into the other’s minds.
On Forgiveness, Kindness and Mercy

The Prophet conveyed: 'On the Day of Resurrection a herald will call out: 'Whoever's reward is with
God then let him enter Paradise.' It will be asked: 'Whose reward is with God?' It will be answered:
'Those who forgave the people, for they will enter Paradise without being held to account.
Regarding forgiveness he said: 'Whoever forgives a wrong, God will give him honour in this world and the
next.' He also said: 'When anger raises its head dispel it with forgiveness, for a herald will call out on the
Day of Resurrection: 'Let those whose reward is with God stand!' Then none shall stand but those who
were forgiving. Have you not heard God's words:

And whoever forgives and sets things to rights then his reward will be with God. He also said: 'The virtue
of us Ahl al-Bayt is to forgive those who wrong us, and to give to those who withhold from us.

'It is humbleness in prayer and that a person directs his entire heart towards his Lord.' He also said: 'He
who leaves off adornments for the sake of God and puts aside fine clothes out of humility to God and
seeking His countenance, by rights God will store up for him the fine !abqar: carpets of Paradise.'

He said in his testament to AbY Dharr, one of his most devout companions: 'Blessed is he who humbles
himself for the sake of God and not due to some lack, and belittles himself but not due to destitution.'

He said: 'O AbY Dharr, he who leaves off wearing finery when he is able to do so out of humility to
Almighty God will be enrobed by God with the robe of honour.'

He also said: 'When you see the humble ones from my nation then act humbly to them, and when you
see the arrogant ones then act arrogantly towards them for this belittles and diminishes them.'250

He said: 'It pleases me to see a man carrying something in his hand which he is bringing to please his
family and which stops him from being arrogant.'251 He said: 'A man should not humiliate himself.' He
was asked: 'O Apostle of God, and how does a man humiliate himself?' He said: 'By exposing himself to
that which he cannot bear.'One day the Apostle of God went on a journey with his companions. He
ordered them to cook a sheep. One man said: 'I will slaughter it.' Another said: 'I will skin it.' Another
said: 'I will cook it.' The Apostle of God said: 'I will go and fetch the firewood for you.'

The companions said: 'O Apostle of God, may our fathers and mothers be your sacrifice, do not tire
yourself for we will do everything for you.' The Apostle of God said: 'I know that you will do so but
Almighty God detests that a person should be singled out from amongst his companions.' Then he went
to collect the firewood for them.'

The humility that is spoken of in the above is what each of us should possess. In today’s world, it could
be culminated as “Dignity of Labour”
Ego, Vanity are the enemies of Humility. Hence they must be kept away. As per Prophet (PBUH), let us
embrace humility.

On Generosity

The Apostle of God said: 'Generosity is a tree in Paradise whose branches stretch down to this world.
Whoever is generous has taken hold of one of these branches and this branch will lead him to Paradise.'
The Prophet said to Odayy: 'Your father has been spared the severe punishment because of the
generosity of his soul.' Jar:r ibn Abdullah relates: 'When the Prophet's mission to teach Islam began I
came to pledge my allegiance to him.' He said: 'O Jar:r, for what reason have you come?' I said: 'I have
come to enter Islam at your hands O Apostle of God.' Then he threw me his cloak, and turned to his
companions and said:

'When the noblest of people come to you then honour them.

In this fast-paced people, hardly people have time for anything or anybody. Every one is running at the
same pace to nothingness. But Generosity and Kindness if implanted within will open doors which have
been locked for years. You will realize the inner strength you possess. For you must empty your cup of
soul to refill it.

Powerful sermon

The Prophet Muhammad said: 'All will be well with my nation as long as they love one another, give gifts
to one another, fulfill their trusts, avoid that which is unlawful, honour the guest, establish the prayer,
and pay the statutory alms. If they do not do this then they will be afflicted by drought and famine.'

He said: 'All will be well with this nation under the hand of God and in His protection as long as the
reciters of the Qur'an do not aid the rulers, and the righteous do not praise the miscreants, and the good
people do not assist the evil ones.

If they do this then God will lift His hand from them and will place tyrants to rule over them ...' He also
said: 'There are three things I fear for my nation: obedience to greed, the following of lusts and desires,
and leaders who are astray.' He said: 'Hope is a mercy for my nation. Were it not for hope, no mother
would ever feed her child and no gardener would ever plant a tree.'Once he said to his companions:
'Shall I inform you of the worst of people?'

Those with him said: 'Yes, O Apostle of God.' He said: 'He who loathes the people and who is loathed by
the people.'
Then he said: 'Shall I inform you of worse than him?' They said: 'Yes, O Apostle of God.' He said: 'He who
does not help another who has fallen and does not accept another's apology and does not forgive a
wrong.'

Then he said: 'Shall I inform you of worse than him?' They said: 'Yes, O Apostle of God.' He said: 'He from
whom none is safe from his evil and from whom none expect any good.'

He also said: 'Shall I inform you of the worst of your men?' They said: 'Yes, O Apostle of God.' He said:
'Among the worst of your men is the slanderer, the audacious transgressor the obscene person who eats
alone and refuses to help others. He beats his servants and forces his dependants to seek help
elsewhere.'

Ramadan
I would like to end the essay, with an extract on Ramadaan

Ramadan carries a special significance apart from building brotherhood and austerity. It brings a
message of peace within which is equally important. If one is peace within himself then he or she can
learn the teaching above.

The origin of "Ramadan", the sacred Muslim occasion, can be traced partly to historic accounts as well as
the various holy Islamic texts. A great part of the history of Ramadan depends on ancient Islamic
folklore.

According to the Islamic texts, Ramadan began with Prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam who was
born in 570 CE in the Arabian city of Mecca. Orphaned at a young age, Muhammad was reared by his
uncle Abu Talib. The boy grew up to be a merchant, as well as a shepherd. He was first married by age
25.

Gradually Muhammad began to be dissatisfied with his life in Mecca. Having an idealistic and religious
temperament from his very early days, he retreated to the caves in the surrounding mountains of Mecca
formeditation and reflection.

According to Islam, one night during the month of Ramadan in the year 610 A.D. when Muhammad was
40 years of age and was passing the month in meditation in Mount Hira, he had a vision of an angel
appearing before him. This angel introduced himself as Jibril and revealed that Muhammad was
the messenger of Allah and was born to be a prophet to his people. The angel asked Muhammad to
recite what he said:

"Recite in the name of your Lord Who creates.

Creates man from a clot.
Recite: And your Lord is the Most Bountiful
Who teaches by the pen,
He teaches man what he does not know."
With a confounded mind, Muhammad descended from Mount Hira and told everything to his wife
Khadijah. He feared that he had had an encounter with an evil spirit. But Khadijah allayed his fears
reminding him of his good conduct until then and that it was impossible for him to be visited by a
demon. She took him to her old cousin Waraqa ibn Nawfal and told the latter everything about
Muhammad's meeting with the angel. Waraqa ibn Nawfal was a much learned man and was well-versed
in various sacred texts concerning different religion. The lettered man convinced Muhammad that he
was indeed a messenger of God and the angel who visited Muhammad was the same
divine messenger Gabriel who had also visited the Hebrew prophet Moses.

In the following twenty-three years, Muhammad was visited many times by Jibril who taught him the
holy knowledge in verses. This sacred knowledge consists of the code of conduct that Allah wants his
people to maintain on earth. It is inscribed in verses which are compiled in the holy Qur'an, the most
sacred book in Islam.

It is said that the sacred knowledge was revealed to Muhammad during the month of Ramadan. "Laylat
al-Qadr" - a night of the month is symbolically regarded as the same night on which the holy knowledge
was gifted to Muhammad and mankind. The followers of Islam consider "Laylat al-Qadr" as the "Night of
the Power", the holiest night of the year.

As a mark of respect to Allah and to show gratitude to him for the true knowledge that he gifted to his
sons and daughters, the prophet asked his followers (and therefore the followers of Islam) to pass the
month of Ramadan in fasting, prayers and other austerities and end the month-long non-indulgence with
festive celebrations.

"Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was revealed, providing guidance for the people,
clear teachings, and the statute book. Those of you who witness this month shall fast therein. Those who
are ill or traveling may substitute the same number of other days. Allah wishes for you convenience, not
hardship, that you may fulfill your obligations, and to glorify Allah for guiding you, and to express your
appreciation." [Surat Al-Baqarah 2:185]

Thus was born the sacred occasion called Ramadan, a month-long period of austerity that sees devout
Muslims across the world keep themselves away during the entire daytime, offering prayers and
abstaining from almost every kind of enjoyment including drinking and abstaining from sex. For Muslims
all over, it is a very special time - of introspection, meditation, self control, charitable activities,
spirituality and of course, devotion to God

I would suggest and request each of you who never observed Ramadan to do so as it would firstly help
you understand the hardships that the Muslims go through and secondly, be in peace with yourself.

The teachings of the Prophet would hold value if you are in peace with yourself and also the
surroundings so that one can follow the values and the teachings.
References:

The Philosophy Of Marriages Of Prophet-

http://www.alhassanain.com/english/show_book.php?
book_id=1056&link_book=holy_prophet_and_ahlul_bayt_library/holy_prophet/the_philosophy_of_
marriages_of_prophet_muhammad_s_a_w

Khadija-tul-Kubra The Wife of the Holy Prophet[Must read]-

http://www.alhassanain.com/english/show_book.php?
book_id=523&link_book=history_library/islamic_personalities/khadija_tul_kubra_the_wife_of_the_holy
_prophet