Description:

This is a single channel (on / off) universal switch that may be used with any Infra Red
remote control using 36-38kHz. (This is a very common remote handset frequency). In
place of IR1 a TSOP1738 receiver may be used.

Notes
Any "button" of any remote control may be used to work this universal switch. The
button must be pressed for about one and a half seconds (determined by R3 and C2)
before the relay will operate. The circuit will remain in this state (latched) until reset. To
reset, any button is pressed on the remote handset and held for a short duration.
For example, if you were watching TV, you could press and hold any button on the TV
remote to trigger the circuit. In order not to change channel, you could press the button of
the channel you are watching. You can connect anything to the relay, for example a lamp,
but make sure that the relay contacts can handle the rated voltage and current.

Circuit Operation:
IC1 is an Infra Red module. IR modulated pulses are received and buffered by this IC. It
has a standard TTL output, the output with no signal is held high by R1. A replacement
for IR1 is the common TSOP1738 IR reciver. One gate of a CMOS inverter drives LED1
as a visible switching aid. Another gate buffers the signal and applies it to the time
constant circuit, comprising R3,C2,R4 and D1. C2 charges via R3, and discharges via R4,
D1 prevents quick discharge via the low output impedance of the CMOS buffer. If using
a TSOP1738 then increase R4 to 470k.

The time taken to charge a capacitor is the product of resistance and capacitance, more
commonly known as the RC time constant. At one RC a capacitor will only charge to
63% of the supply voltage. It takes 5 RC's for a capacitor to reach 99% charge. In this
circuit the capacitor charge has to reach the logic threshold of the CMOS invertor. As the
power supply is 5 Volts, the input threshold is around 3.6V, which takes about 3RC's or
about 1.5 seconds. Once reached the inventor triggers the 555 timer and operates the flip
flop. A simulation of received pulses, filtering and output pulse is shown below. Note
that this is not from the actual circuit ( in which case the reconstructed pulse would be
high for the duration of the 555 monostable) but only a spice simulation.

The pulses are further buffered and contain "jaggered edges" as shown above. These
edges are produced by the modulated IR data, and have to be removed. This is achieved
using a 555 timer wired as a monostable, IC3, having an output pulse duration R5, C4. A
clean output pulse is produced to activate the bistable latch, IC4. This is a D type flip
flop, built with a TTL 7474 series IC and configured as a bistable. Any version of the
7474 may be used, i.e. schottky 74LS74, high speed 74HCT74 etc. The input is applied to
the clock pin, the inverted output fed back to the data input and clear and preset lines are
tied to ground. For every pulse the relay will operate and latch, the next pulse will turn
off the relay and so on. Note that quick turn on and off of the relay is not possible. The
output pulse is set at about 2.4 seconds. and input delay by R3, C2 set about 1.5 seconds.

Parts List:
R1 3k3
R2 1k
R3 22k
R4 220k or 470k if using a TSOP1738
R5 1M
R6 3k3
B1 12 V
D1 1N4148
D2 1N4003
Q1 B109
LED1 CQX35A
IC1 IR1 available from Harrison Electronics or TSOP1838 or similar
IC2 4049
IC3 CA555
IC4 SN74HCT74 or SN74LS74
IC5 LM7805
Relay 12 Volt coil with changeover contact
C1 100u
C2 22u
C3 100n
C4 2u2

1. INTRODUCTION TO IR REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM :

In modern electronics, electronics remote control system is well known system.

Infrared remote control kit’s available in the market are quite expensive and it some one wishes

to assemble one, their IC’s may not be easily available. More over for simple ON-OFF function

such as controlling a lamp or fan we do not need very complex circuit.

The IR remote control circuit using photodiode and phototransistor sensor suffer

from major drawback of being affected by ambient light and a very low range.
 The IR remote control circuit described here can be used for any simple ON-OFF

function. This system has memories application than other remote control system.

The advantage is that this circuit is absolutely free form ambient light
interference and provides control range of any to focusing lens.
The components use in this system is in so convenient manner that
whole assemble is easier to built. This reduce complex city of the system

The advantage of this circuit lies in the fact that it can easily be converted into a

multichannel remote control system. The system comprise two unit transmitter, Receiver Both

transmitter and receiver can be assembled on a general purpose PCB.

Transmitter section consist of power supply, on oscillator and in output stage

including IR LEDS in the transmitter section IC 555 is wired as an a stable multivibrator with a

Centre frequency of about 36 KHZ. The transmitter is powered from a GP 22 size gv. battery.

The receiver uses IR sensor module which is commonly used in colour T.V. for

sening IR Singal from transmitter section. The IR singal from the transmitter sensed by sensor

and it’s output at pin and goes low which is in turn switch on transistor T1 (BC 557)

consequently capacitors start charging through resister R5, when voltage across capacitor C8

reaches about 3.5V IC 2 (Decade counter 4017) receive a clock pulse at pin 14 and it’s output at

pin 2 goes high. This result in forward biasing of transistor to (be 148) which energies a really

connected at it’s collector.

The output of IC 2 (pin 2) is also used for lighting LED, indicating presence of singal for this
circutary 12 v-0-12v 25 mA transformer is used for supplying the power & IC 7805 is used for 5
v regulation purpose at it’s output. This regulated 5 v output is given to receiver section
 In the transmitter section ICI (555) is wired as a stable multi-vibrator with a

center frequency of about 36 KHZ. When switch SI is pressed, the circuit gets energized. Output

of ICI is a square wave. The two infrared LEDS connected at its output transmit IR beams

modulated at the same frequency (36 KHZ). The oscillator frequency can be shifted slightly by

adjusting preset VRI.

 The receiver uses an infrared sensor module which is commonly used in colour

television for sensing the IR signals from the transmitter section. The sensor module shown is

figure incorporates a detector diode, an SMD ( surface mounted device) IC which consists of a

band pass filter, an amplifier and a demodulator on a small PCB placed inside a small tin cube

enclosure to get rid of unwanted electromagnetic interference.

When switch S 1 on the transmitter is pressed, the IR LEDs radiate IR beams

with a modulating frequency of 36 KHZ. It may be noted that the IR LEDS are directly driven by

the 555 timer output, and no series current limiting resistor is used with them. This is because at

the high operating frequency, the internal resistance of the battery and the independence offered

by the wires and components leads are enough to keep the average LED current within its

specifications.

The IR signal from the transmitter is sensed by the sensor and its output at pin 2

goes low. This in turn switches on transistor T1, consequently capacitor C8 start charging through

register R5.

When voltage across capacitor C8 reaches about 3.5 V IC2 receives a clock pulse

at pin 14 and its output at pin 2 goes high. This results in forward basing of transistor T2, which

on conduction energises relay RLI connected at its collector. The output of IC 2 (pin 2) is also

used for lighting LED1, indicating presence of signal.