TENSILE The maximum tensile

STRENGHT stress that a material is

capable of sustaining.

TENSION The behavior of a plate

FIELD ACTION girder panel under shear
force in which diagonal
tensile stresses develop
in transverse stiffeners
in a manner analogous
to a pratt truss.

TOE OF THE Termination point of the

FILLET fillet weld or of rolled
section fillet
TORQUE Term applied to the
TENSION wrench torque required
RELATIONSHIP to produce specified pre
tension in high strength
bolts.

TURN-OF-NUT Procedure whereby the

METHOD specified pre-tension in
high-strength bolt is
controlled by rotation of
the wrench a
predetermined amount
after the nut has been
tightened to snug fit.

UNBRACED A frame in which the

FRAME resistance to a lateral is
provided by the blending
resistance of frame
members and their
connection.
UNBRACED The distance between
LENGTH brace points of a
member measured
between the center of
gravity of the bracing
members.

UNDERCUT A notch resulting from

the melting an removal
of metal at the edge of a
weld.

UNIVERSAL A plate which the

MLL PLATE longitudinal edges been
formed by a rolling
process during
manufacture often
abbreviated as UM
plate.

UPPER BOUND A load computed on the

LOAD basis of an assumed
mechanism which will
always be at best equal
to or greater than the
true ultimate load.
V-BRACING That form of chevron
bracing that intersects a
beam from above and
inverted V-bracing is
that form of chevron
bracing that intersects a
beam from below.

VERTICAL A system of shear walls

BRACING braced frames or both
SYSTEM extending throughout
one or more floors of a
building.

WARPING That portion of the total

TORSION resistance to torsion
that is provided by
resistance to warping of
the cross section
WEAK AXIS The minor principal axis
of the cross section.

WEATHERING A type of high strength,

STEEL low-alloy steel which can
be used in normal
environments (not
marine )and outdoor
exposures without
protective paint
covering. This steel
develops a tight
adherent rust at a
decreasing rate with
respect to time.
WEB The buckling of a web
BUCKLING plate.

WEB The local failure of a web

CRIPPLING plate in the immediate
vicinity of a
concentrated load or
reaction
WORKING Also called service load
LOAD the actual load assumed
to be acting on the
structure.

X-BRACING That form of bracing

where a pair of diagonal
braces cross near mid
length of the bracing
members.

YIELD In a member subjected

MOMENT to bending , the moment
at which an outer fiber
first attains the yield
stress

YIELD The portion of the

PLATEAU stress-strain curve for
uniaxial tension or
compression in which
the stress remains
essentially constant
during a period of
substantially increased
 strain.

YIELD POINT The first stress in a

material at which an
increase in strain occurs
without an increase in
stress, the yield point
less than the maximum
attainable stress

YIELD The stress at which a

STRENGTH material exhibits a
specified limiting
deviation from the
proportionality of stress
to strain. Deviation
expressed in terms of
strain
YIELD STRESS Yield point, yield
strength or yield-stress
level as defined

YIELD-STRESS The average stress

LEVEL during yielding in the
plastic range, the stress
determined in a tension
test when the strain
reaches 0.005 mm per
mm